Ji

nduSe
mant
icsonNPC/
GS1
07

TheHi
CHAPTER14( stor
icalEv
olut
ionofTheNi
ger
ianSt
ate)

NOTE: Thi
sWorkisaSummar yofsomeI mport
antkey
wordshighl
i
ght
edint
hischapt
erfrom
thebookwhichaimsatmaki
ngthetopicmuchmor esimpl
erandeasi
erf
ort
herespecti
ve
studentt
oread,
underst
andandeasil
yrecal
l.Aswegoon, ENJOY!

Aut
hor
(s)
-ALEXAMAECHIUGWUJA(
PhD)

M OFTHECHAPTER-Toenl
AI ight
enthestudent
sont hehist
oryofNigeri
afrom i
t'
scol
oni
zat
ion
t
oit'
sIndependenceandal
sot
henatureofNiger
iaaf
tertheindependence.

KEYWORDS(
inbol
dst
yle)
-andRECALLORNOTEWORD(
inunder
li
nedf
orm)

 TheEuropeansobt
ainedal
ltheyneedf
rom Asi
athr heMedi
ought ter
raneanandBl
ack
Seas.

 Befor
ethecomingoft
heEur opean,
theonl
yexter
nal cont
actt
hepeopl
eofNi
ger
iahad
wit
htheoutsi
dewasthroughtheTrans-
Sahar
anTr ade.

 I
n1802,TheBr
it
ishGov
ernmentsponsor
edMungoPar
k(aScot
ti
shexpl
orer
)andhi
s
f
ourcol
l
eagues

 I TheLanderBr
n1830, other
sdi
scov
eredt
heMout
hoft
heNi
gerar
ea

 Themostsuccessf
uloft
heEur
opeanexpl
orat
ionwast
hatl
edbyWi
ll
iam Bai
ke(
1841-
1850)

 Beecr
oftl
edt
hef
oundat
ionsoft
hebr
it
ishr
ulei
nNi
ger
ia

 Whent heIj
ebuKingr
efusedt
odiscusst
radet
ermswiththeact
inggov
ernorofLagos
onat r
iptoIj
ebul
andin1891,
theBri
ti
shusedt
hisasanexcuset
ooccupytheter
ri
tor
y
for
cibl
y

 I
n1893,
theBr
it
ishof
fi
cial
sci
rcul
atedanewt
reat
yofpr
otect
iont
othey
orubast
ates

 I
n1802/
03anexpedi
ti
onwasar
rangedagai
nstAr
ochukwu

 I
n1903,
theSul
tanofSokot
owasassassi
nat
edbyt
heBr
it
ish

 Formor
ethanf
if
teeny
ear
s,whatwehav
etodayi
nNi
ger
iawasr
uledbyaCompany

 By1870,
about200f
ir
msdi
dBusi
nessi
nDel
taal
one
 I
n1897,4powerf
ulBri
ti
shCompani
eswer
euni
tedbySi
rTaubmanGol
die,
renami
ng
t
hem,theUni
tedAfr
icaCompany

 Af
ter3y
rs,
themer
gerwasi
ncor
por
atedandnamedNat
ionalAf
ri
caCompany

 I
n1886,
UACr
ecei
vedaRoy
alChar
terandbecamet
heRoy
alNi
gerCompany

 Lugardwrot
esev
eral
proposal
stotheSecr
etar
yofSt
atef
ort
hecol
oni
est
omer
get
he
Souther
nandNort
her
nPr ot
ect
orat
es.

 I
n1stJanuar
y1914,
Niger
iawasbor
nwi
tht
wodi
sti
nct
iveadmi
nst
rat
iveuni
ts

 Lor
dLugar
dbr
oughtupt
heI
ndi
rectr
ulesy
stem.

 Undert
heindi
rectrul
esyst
em,Ni
geri
awasgov ernedbyGov
ernorGener
alwhowas
advi
sedbytheexecuti
onandl
egi
slat
ivecounci
l
s.

 Insomeway ,
theleader
shi
pproblemst
hatconf
rontNi
ger
iat
odaycanbet
racedt
othe
cropofl
eadersr
aisedbytheBri
ti
sh

 FACTORSTHATI
NSPIRED,
STI
MULATEDANDENERGI
ZEDTHE
STRUGGLEFORI
NDEPENDENCEI
NNIGERI
A
1.PanAf
ri
cani
sm

2.Nef
ari
ousCol
oni
alPol
i
cies

3.Theeconomi
cdepr
essi
onoft
hei
nter
-wary
ear
s

4.Thegr
owt
hli
ter
acyoft
heNi
ger
ia'
sUr
bandwel
l
ers

 PanAf r
icanism hel
pedtodemoli
sht
heheapsofoppr obri
ouscommentari
esont
he
Afr
ican,hispersonhood,
pol
i
ty,
andsoci
o-pol
i
tical
organizat
ion,
amongothers

 PanAf
ri
cani
sm organi
zedcongr
essesi
nPar
is(
1919)
,London(
1921)
,London(
1923)
,
NewYork(
1925)and(1945)

 Nati
onalCouncilofNiger
ianCi
tizens(
NCNC)wast
hef
ir
stpol
i
tical
par
tyi
nNi
ger
iat
o
r
aiseaNationalconsci
ousness

 TheNiger
iaIndependencewasnevergot
tenonapl
att
erofGol
d,twascont
I est
ed,
fought
forandwrest
ledfrom t
hecol
onist
s.

 The2ndRepubl
i heBuhar
cwassackedbyt iandI
diagbonJunt
aon31stDecember1984.

 POLI
TICALCRI
SISI
NNI
GERI
A
1.Pol
i
tical
Assassi
nat
ion

2.Godf
ather
ism

3.I
ntr
a-par
tysquabbl
es