UNIT –II MATHEMATICS

WEEK 1

Name: _________________________________________ Date: October 11-18,2021

___________________________
Grade & Section: VI- B.F. SKINNER Subject Teacher: MR. SILVERIO V. ESTEVES
Jr.
Expressing One Value as a Fraction of another given their
Lesson 1
Ratio and Vice Versa

At the end of this lesson, learners are able to:

 Express one value as a fraction of another given their ratio and vice versa.
TARGET
What is Ratio?
Ratio is a way of comparing TWO or more quantities having the same units. The quantities may be
separate entities or they may be different parts of a whole. You can write the ratio of a and b in three ways: It
can be in word form, colon form and fraction form. The order in which the ration is expressed is very important.
The order of the terms in a ratio must correspond to the order of objects being compared. In the ratio, a part can
be compared to its whole.
Example 1: Compare the number of circles to triangles vice versa.

to

Ratio of circles to triangles

12
Word Form —12 is to 6 Fraction Form —
6
Colon Form —12: 6
Ratio of triangles to circles
6
Word Form — 6 is to 12 Fraction Form — 12
Colon Form — 6:12
If you compare the part to the total number of the shapes, the ratio of the part to the total has the same
meaning as a fraction.
Example 1: Look at the example below.
Ratio of total shapes to triangles
18
Word Form —18 is to 6 Fraction Form —
6
Colon Form —18: 6
Ratio of triangles to total shapes
6
Word Form — 6 is to 18 Fraction Form — 18
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 UNIT –II MATHEMATICS
WEEK 1
Colon Form —6:18
Even if the ratio is in fraction form, you will still say “eighteen is to six” or “six is to eighteen.” Ratio should
also be in simplest form or lowest form like a fraction.

So the simplest form is and .

There are instances that the term of ratio, do not have the same units or classifications. This is a special ratio
called rate. For example, kilometers to an hour.
Example 3: Rom scored 180 points in 5 basketball games. Find the average rate per game.
180 points = 36 points = 36 points per game
5 games Rate = 1 game
Definition of Terms
Fraction - (from Latin fractus,“broken” ) represents a part of a whole or more generally, any number of equal
parts.
Two Main Parts of a Fraction
1. Numerator refers to the number on the top of the line.
- It tells how many equal parts of the whole or collection are taken.

2. Denominator refers to the number below the line.

- It shows the number of the whole is being divided. It functions as divisor of the numerator.
Illustration:
Numerator
1
2
Denominator
Ratio is a relationship between two numbers of the same kind. It is a way of comparing two or more quantities
having the same units.
A ratio can be written in three different ways such as:
word form → a is to b
colon form → a : b
a
fraction form (by giving the value of their quotient) →
b

Remember:
 Ratio is a comparison of two quantities which can be written in colon, word or fraction
form.
 Rate is a comparison of two quantities but may have different units of measures and
their ratio has a unit of measure.
 Fraction - (from Latin fractus,“broken” ) represents a part of a whole or more generally,
any number of equal parts.
 Numerator refers to the number on the top of the line.
 Denominator refers to the number below the line.

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BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT-ELEMENTARY
MATHEMATICS 6
 UNIT –II MATHEMATICS
WEEK 1
SCORE
Learning Task No. 1
Directions: Write a ratio of the following in three ways. Write your answer in the right boxes.

SCORE

Learning Task No. 2

Directions: Write a ratio of the following in three ways. Write your answer on the right column.
Question Word form Fraction form Colon form

6 Weeks to 12 days

10 decimeters to 10 centimeters

4 days to 36 hours

4 months to 8 weeks

12 mangoes to 36 fruits

Learning Task No. 3 SCORE

Directions: Write the following fraction in word and colon form.
1.) 3/4 = ______________ = _______________ 6.) 8/13 = ______________ = _______________
2.) 5/8 = ______________ = _______________ 7.) 3/5 = ______________ = _______________
3.) 4/7 = ______________ = _______________ 8.) 9/11 = ______________ = _______________
4.) 2/9 = ______________ = _______________ 9.) 10/11 = ______________ = _______________
5.) 6/7 = ______________ = _______________ 10.)26/18 = ______________ = _______________

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TARGET
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT-ELEMENTARY
MATHEMATICS 6
 UNIT –II MATHEMATICS
WEEK 1
Concept of Ratio and Proportion and Different Types of
Lesson 2 At the end of this lesson, learners Proportion
are able to:
 Defines and illustrates the meaning of ratio and proportion concrete or pictorial
models.

Definition of Terms
Ratio is the spoken language of arithmetic. It is a way of comparing two or more quantities having the
same units.

a
A ratio can be written as a is to b or a : b or by giving the value of their quotient
b
Terms of Ratio
Antecedent refers to the first term of the quantity of the ratio.
Consequent refers to the second quantity of the ratio.
1st term
nd
2 term (Consequent) a
(Antecedent)
b
Study and Learn:
There are two circles and three triangles in a box. Express the number of circles to the number of
triangles and vice versa.
Solutions:
a. Draw the figures in the given problem like this

b. Express the ratio of the two quantities (circles and triangles) in three different ways.
 Word form → 2 is to 3
 Colon form → 2:3
2
 Fraction form →
3

Proportion is an equality between two ratios or fractions. A proportion can be written in two ways: as
a
two equal fractions
b
= or using a colon a : b = c : d → read as a is to b as c is d
Terms in Proportion means

Means it refers to the inner numbers of the proportion. a:b = c:d

Extremes it refers to the outside numbers of the proportion.
extremes
A proportion is said to be equal if the product of the means is equal to the product of the extremes.

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BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT-ELEMENTARY
MATHEMATICS 6
 UNIT –II MATHEMATICS
WEEK 1
Example:
18
Means Extremes
2:3 = 6:9 or 3x6=2x9
18 = 18
18
Illustrative Example1:
Using a model to show equalities of two ratios.

2
3
= 4
6

2 out of 3 is equal to 4 out of 6

= = = = = =
Therefore, the two ratios are equal, so they are in proportion.
2 4
3
= 6
hence, in a proportion the product of the means is equal to the
product of the extremes. 3 x 4 = 2 x 6.
12 = 12

Illustrative Example 2.
Illustrate whether the ratios form a proportion.
6 2 5 3
a. 24 8 , b. ,
12 18
Solutions:
Step by Sep
?
6 2
a. Write a proportion → 24 = 8
Form a cross product → 6 x 8 = 2 x 24
√
Multiply → 48 = 48 Answer: The two ratios form a proportion.
5 3?
b. Write a proportion →
12
= 18

Form a cross product → 5 x 18 = 3 x 12

Multiply → 90 ≠ 36 Answer: The two ratios do not form a proportion.

Illustrative Example 3.
Fine the missing term and tell whether the two ratios form a proportion.
a. 5 : 30 = 6 : x b. n : 18 = 6 : 3
Solutions:
a. 5 : 30 = 6 : x → Multiply the extremes 5 ∙ x and means = 30 ∙ 6
5 ∙ x = 30 ∙ 6 → Find the product 5x = 180
5x = 180 → Find the value of x by dividing both sides of the equation by 5
5x 180
5
= 5
Checking: 5 : 30 = 6 : x → Replace x by 30

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BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT-ELEMENTARY
MATHEMATICS 6
 UNIT –II MATHEMATICS
WEEK 1
X = 36
5 ∙ 30 = 6 ∙ 36→ Get the product of
the extremes and means
30 ∙ 6 = 5 ∙ 3
180 = 180 → The two ratios form a proportion.
b. n : 18 = 6 : 3 → Multiply the extremes n ∙ 3 and means = 18 ∙ 6
n ∙ 3 = 18∙ 6 → Find the product 3n = 108
3n = 108 → Find the value of n by dividing both sides of the equation by 3
3 n 108
3
= 3 Checking:

n = 36 n : 18 = 6: 3 → Replace n by 3

36 ∙ 18 = 6 ∙ 3 → Get the product of the

extremes and means
36 ∙ 3 = 18 ∙ 6
108 = 108 → The two ratios form a proportion.
Illustrative Example 4.
Christie bought 12 different kinds of chocolates for Ᵽ 620.00. At the same price, how much will she pay
for 24 different kinds of chocolates?
Solutions:
Step-by-Step
Understand.
a. What is asked?
The price of 24 different kinds of chocolate Christie can pay.
b. What are the given facts?
Christie bought 12 different kinds of fruits for Ᵽ 620.00.
Plan.
Strategy: Write a proportion and use cross products.
Solve.
Set up a proportion:
number of different kinds of chocolates number of different kinds of chocolates
=
price of the chocolates price of the chocolates
12 24
620
= n
→ Multiply the extremes 12 ∙ n and means = 620 ∙ 24
12 ∙ n = 620 ∙ 24 → Find the product 12n = 14,880

12n = 14,880 → Find the value of n by dividing both sides of the equation by 12

12n 14,880
=
12 12

n = 1, 240 → Answer: Christie pays Ᵽ 1,240.00 for 24 different

kinds of chocolates.
SCORE
Learning Task No. 4
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BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT-ELEMENTARY
MATHEMATICS 6
 UNIT –II MATHEMATICS
WEEK 1
A. Directions: Express the ratio of the following in colon form and fraction form.

Colon Fraction
1. In Hillary’s flower garden, she has 5 variety of snake
plants and 15 variety of orchids.
What is the ratio of snake plants to orchids? __________ __________
2. There are 65 Mathematics books and 75
Science books in the mini library. What is the
Ratio of Science books to Math books? ___________ __________

B. Directions: Express each rate in lowest terms. Show your solution. (5 points each)
1. The ratio of 468 students to 9 classrooms

2. The ratio of 368 students to 8 buses

C. Read and solve. Write your answer and solution on the space provided. (5points)

1. There are 312 freshmen students enrolled in Algebra class, one hundred four have chosen to take
the removal examination in Algebra. What fraction of the class will be taking the removal examination in
Algebra.

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MATHEMATICS 6