CSP Report Document

IRRIGATION
COMMUNITY SERVICE PROJECT
A Community Service Project report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of
III B. Tech I Semester of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
in
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
by
A.S.L.V.N. Harika K.L.N.Susmitha
20ME1A0506 20ME1A0525
M.Yeswanth Nagesh J.S.R.H.V. Kumar

20ME1A0535 21ME5A0502
Under Supervision of
Mrs .L.L.S. Maneesha
Assistant Professor, CSE
2022-23
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
RAMACHANDRA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
NH-16 Bypass Road, Vatluru(V), ELURU-534007, A.P.
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Permanently Affiliated to JNTUK, KKD
Recognised by UGC 2(f) & 12(b)
Accredited by NAAC A+, NBA, ISO 9001 : 2015 Certified
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the “Community Service Project Report” submitted by
A.S.L.V.N. Harika (20ME1A0506), K.L.N. Susmitha (20ME1A0525), M.Yeswanth
Nagesh (20ME1A0535) and J.S.R.H.V. Kumar (21ME5A0502) were work done by them
and submitted during 2022-2023 Academic Year in partial fulfilment of the requirements of III
B. Tech I Semester of Bachelor of Technology in Computer Science & Engineering.
Mrs. L.L.S. Maneesha Dr.P.M. PRASUNA

Assistant Professor ,CSE HOD, CSE
Declaration
We hereby declare that the Community Service Report on “Irrigation” submitted by

us to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada in partial fulfilment of the
requirements of III B. Tech I Semester of Bachelor of Technology in Computer Science &
Engineering. This community service report work carried out by us under the supervision
of Mrs.L.L.S.Maneesha, Assistant Professor,CSE. We further declare that the work carried
out by us by visiting Dorasanipadu and identify Irrigation as a community problem or work.
A.S.L.V.N. Harika K.L.N. Susmitha

20ME1A0506 20ME1A0525

20ME1A0535 21ME5A0502
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to take the opportunity to express our deep gratitude to all the people
who have extended their cooperation in various ways during our Community Service Project
work. It is our pleasure and responsibility to acknowledge the help of all those individuals.
We would like to thank Mrs.L.L.S. Maneesha , Assistant Professor, CSE for giving us
the opportunity to do a Community Service Project Work at Dorasanipadu.
We are very grateful to Dr. P.M. Prasuna, Head of the Department, Department of
Computer Science & Engineering for her guidance and encouragement in all respects in
carrying throughout our Community Service Project work.
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to Dr. M. Muralidhara Rao Principal,
Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru for his valuable suggestions during preparation of
draft in our document.
We express our heartfelt gratitude to the Management of Ramachandra College of

Engineering, Eluru for their support and encouragement in completing our Community Service
Project work and providing us necessary facilities and permissions.
We sincerely thank all the faculty members and staff of the Department of CSE for their
valuable advices, suggestions and constant encouragement which played a vital role in carrying
out our Community Service Project work.
Finally, we thank one and all who directly or indirectly helped us to complete oir
Community Service Project work successfully.
A.S.L.V.N. Harika K.L.N. Susmitha

20ME1A0506 20ME1A0525

20ME1A0535 21ME5A0502
INDEX
Chapter Description Page No
1 Problem Statement 1
2 Executive Summary 2-3
3 Motivation 4-5
4 Survey Methodology 6
5 Summary of Data Collections & Interviews 7-8
6 Outcome of the Project 9

Conclusion & Scope for technology to address the identified
7 10-11
problem
8 Annexure – 1 (Log Book) 12-14
9 Annexure – 2 (Data collected from village people)
10 Annexure – 3 (Data collected from Govt. Agencies)

Chapter-1: Problem Statement
Irrigation is an important unit to increase agricultural production to keep pace with
the food requirements of their ever-increasing population. For agricultural, economic and
social sustainability in the canal command area, it is important to promote efficient land use
and water resources through better management of natural resources
Agriculture is the largest consumer of the earth ‘s available freshwater. Irrigation

accounts for the greatest agricultural water usage. Nowadays, agriculture already competes
with environmental needs and peoples’ everyday use, particularly in the areas where irrigation
is essential. In some regions of the world, water scarcity has already become an acute problem.
The situation will deteriorate dramatically in years to come, if we continue to overuse, waste
and contaminate the resources available at local and regional levels.
The IAASTD (International assessment of agricultural science and technology for

development) report shows that the global water supply is sufficient to produce food for a
growing and more demanding world population.
The struggle to secure food is highly assisted by increasing production using

irrigation water from these small-scale irrigation schemes constructed in the basin. But the
contribution towards this increment in production will vary from one to another, since it
depends on the management of this water development.
To achieve sustainable production from irrigated agriculture it is obvious that the

utilization of the important resources in irrigated agriculture, water and land, must be improved.
The question- how is irrigated agriculture performing with limited water and land resources?
Has not been satisfactorily answered. This is because that we are not able to compare irrigated
land and water use to learn how irrigation systems are performing relative to each other and what
the appropriate targets achievement
Lack of knowledge and tools used to assess the performance of projects adds to
the problem. But now, IWMI has developed a set of comparative indicators that are used to
assess hydrological, agronomic and financial performance of irrigation system, which are
helpful to determine the conditions of the system and proper functioning of its element.
Chapter-2: Executive Summary
Irrigation is the artificial application of water to the soil through

various systems of tubes, pumps, and sprays. Irrigation is usually used in areas where rainfall
is irregular or dry times or drought is expected. There are many types of irrigation systems, in
which water is supplied to the entire field uniformly.
There are several methods of irrigation. They vary in how the water is supplied
to the plants. The goal is to apply the water to the plants as uniformly as possible, so that each
plant has the amount of water it needs, neither too much nor too little. Irrigation can also be
understood whether it is supplementary to rainfall as happens in many parts of the world, or
whether it is 'full irrigation' whereby crops rarely depend on any contribution from rainfall.
Full irrigation is less common and only happens in arid landscapes experiencing very low
rainfall or when crops are grown in semi-arid areas outside of any rainy seasons
Types of irrigation:
❖ Drip irrigation
❖ Sprinkler irrigation
❖ Sub irrigation irrigation
❖ Manual irrigation
Type of crop
In irrigation different irrigations are used for different crops, some irrigation
techniques are not suitable for some crops to cultivate so there are different techniques are used
to cultivate a crop
Surface irrigation can be used for all types of crops. Sprinkler and drip irrigation,
because of their high capital investment per hectare, are mostly used for high value cash crops,
such as vegetables and fruit trees. They are seldom used for the lower value staple crops.
Drip irrigation is suited to irrigating individual plants or trees or row crops such as
vegetables and sugarcane. It is not suitable for close growing crop.
Depth of irrigation
When the irrigation schedule has been determined it is known how much water
(in mm) has to be given per irrigation application. It must be checked that this amount can
indeed be given, with the irrigation method under consideration.
Experience with irrigation
The choice of an irrigation method also depends on the irrigation tradition

within the region or country. Introducing a previously unknown method may lead to
unexpected complications. It is not certain that the farmers will accept the new method. The
servicing of the equipment may be problematic and the costs may be high compared to the
benefits.
Labour inputs:
Surface irrigation often requires a much higher labour input - for construction,
operation and maintenance - than sprinkler or drip irrigation (Figure 65). Surface irrigation
requires accurate land levelling, regular maintenance and a high level of farmers' organization
to operate the system. Sprinkler and drip irrigation require little land levelling; system
operation and maintenance are less labour-intensive.
Cost and benefits:
Before choosing an irrigation method, an estimate must be made of the costs

and benefits of the available options. On the cost side not only the construction and
installation, but also the operation and maintenance (per hectare) should be taken into
account. These costs should then be compared with the expected benefits (yields). It is
obvious that farmers will only be interested in implementing a certain method if they consider
this economically attractive. Cost/benefit analysis is, however, beyond the scope of this
manual.
Chapter-3: Motivation
1. Name of the Village/Habitation : Dorasanipadu
2. District : Eluru district
3. State : Andhra Pradesh
4. Population : 3059
5. Gender wise population : Male : 1565 Female: 1494
6. Literacy wise population : Male : 625 Female:660
7. Project Team Members
a. A.S.L.V.N. Harika (20ME1A0506)
b. K.L.N. Susmitha (20ME1A0525)
c. M.Yeswanth Nagesh (20ME1A0535)
d. J.S.R.H.V. Kumar (21ME5A0502)
Briefly explain about identification for adopting this village for survey.
We identified this village because in this village farming is a main source and they know
farming very well. From olden days onwards they are doing farming and also it is a one of the
low rainfall areas and for farming irrigation is an important source. They have only basic idea
about the irrigation. And they are using only one or two irrigation techniques to cultivate their
crops so, we selected this village to create awareness about irrigation deeply.
What are the factors influenced you?
The factors that influenced is now a days farming is reducing and the farmers are not
fully aware of irrigation techniques and they are not having a basic idea on usage of the
irrigation, less water resources to use irrigation techniques and we can save the water by using
irrigation .
How did you identify the problem and briefly explain the problem(s) in about 100 words?
By communicating with villagers, we identified the following problems:
1. Low Water Availability
2. Low Water Table
3. Salinity
4. Poor Mechanism of Irrigation
5.the framers only know about few techniques
1. Low Water Availability:

Under developing countries have very low supply of water to irrigate their crops
specially in Asian countries water storage capacity of dams are very minimal. Arid areas have
very less amount of rainfall. According to a survey of U.S. geological department 68,000 acres
of land require 27 million Gallons.
2. Low Water Table:

Water Table is that surface area where pressure head is almost equal to atmospheric
pressure. Due to low availability of water the water head level is very down. Due to low water
table the irrigation has become very difficult.
3. Salinity:
Salinity is basically access amount of salt in water. Salty water is usually caused by
industrial effluents. The industries are working without any check and balance and they are
continuously eliminating their wastes in lakes and rivers. This contaminated water mixes with
sea water and ultimately cause salinity in irrigation water.
4. Poor Mechanism:
In developing countries mechanism of irrigation is not much efficient. Rain fall rate is
very low and they people do not know about the proper ways to irrigate their crops.
5. Only know about few techniques:

The framers in the village only know about one or two and they don’t know about the
remaining techniques and their usages .
Write your specific role in this survey
Our role in this survey is we communicated with the villagers and asked some
questions about irrigation and we learned some information from the villagers and we created
an awareness among irrigation by explaining about types of irrigation.
Chapter-4: Survey Methodology
Methodology
1. Physical Observation
We went to the village to survey the people and we asked the questions
related to irrigation and we observed some problems that framers are facing in irrigation
and gave a suggestion to the framers and created an awareness about the irrigation and
usages and benefits of an irrigation.
2. Interviews :
We interviewed the people by asking these questions
We asked the framers that they are using any irrigation are or not.
If they are using irrigation which irrigation technique they are using.
From how many years they are using irrigation.
What is the reason for choosing the particular irrigation techniques.
How many acres they are cultivating a crop by using irrigation techniques.
Is government providing any schemes to implement irrigation.
How much cost it will take to implement in the field.
3. Data Collection :
We collected the data from the villagers by survey forms and photo
graphs and gathered some data from the villagers about irrigation that is from how many
years they are using irrigation and how it helpful to cultivate their crop and what are
the main sources and about water facility to irrigate the land and how much cost
irrigation take to implement and how much time irrigation will take to implement in the
fields. And we collected the data of the problems that are identified when talking to the
framers.
Chapter-5:
SUMMARY OF DATA COLLECTIONS & INTERVIEWS
Summary of data collection (Forms through questionaries)
1. We collected a data that how many farmers are there in a village and which crop they
are cultivating.
2. In irrigation different techniques are used to cultivate different crops, all irrigation
techniques are not suitable for all the crops
3. So, we collected the data for which irrigation technique they are using to cultivate their
crop and how many acres they are cultivating by using irrigation
4. We collected the data about that how much cost irrigation will take to implement and
also, we gathered the data about government support for irrigation.
Interviews (Oral)
1. We went to the village and communicated with farmers in the village and we asked that
they have any idea about irrigation.
2. And then we asked if they have any idea then which irrigation techniques, they are
using to cultivate their crop.
3. After that we asked is water resources are available sufficiently are not to irrigate the
land/crop.
4. From how many years they are using irrigation to cultivate their crop and why they
choose irrigation to cultivate a crop.
Photographs with information :
Asking farmers about how drip irrigation works. We enquired from how many years they
Are using drip irrigation .
We enquired about the advantages of drip irrigation and methods they use for the drip
Irrigation and also how much it costs for them.
The farmer explaining about the main source of drip irrigation from where the water is
Supplied through drip tubes.
These are the farms where the drip irrigation is implemented.
After survey we analysed that the framers know about the irrigation, and they know
only few techniques, and they have less water sources to cultivate the crop and one more
point we noticed that most of the framers are using drip and sprinkle irrigation
techniques to cultivate their crops. After noticing all these points, we explained the
framers about remaining irrigation techniques and their usage.
Chapter-6: OUTCOME OF THE PROJECT
Learning Outcomes
• Positive impact on students’ academic learning in view of the classroom to field and vice versa
experience.
• Improves students’ ability to apply what they have learned in “the real world”.
• Positive impact on academic outcomes such as demonstrated complexity of understanding,
problem analysis, problem-solving, critical thinking, and cognitive development.
• Improved ability to understand complexity and ambiguity
Personal Outcomes
• Greater sense of personal efficacy, personal identity, compassion, spiritual growth, and moral
development.
• Greater interpersonal development, particularly the ability to work well with others, and build
leadership and communication skills.
Social Outcomes
• Learning service as a graduate attribute.

• Reduced stereotypes and greater inter-cultural understanding.
• Improved social responsibility and citizenship skills.
• Greater involvement in community service after graduation.
Career Development
• Connections with professionals and community members for learning and career opportunities
• Greater academic learning, leadership skills, and personal efficacy can lead to greater
opportunity
Relationship with the Institution
• Stronger relationships with faculty

• Greater satisfaction with college
• Improved graduation rates
Chapter-7: Conclusion & Scope for technology to
address the identified problem
Conclusion
Irrigated agriculture has played a critical role in the economic and social
development of the country. From this project we concluded that the irrigated lands produce
moderately higher yield than the normal, also uses less resources than traditional irrigation
techniques.
It takes low cost to implement these irrigation methods compared to others.
Using of irrigation is very economical and very efficient system for irrigating different types
of crops. The usage of irrigation methods is increasing day by day, majority of the farmers in
this area are well known about the irrigation methods. Even most of them are using these
irrigation techniques. The design, managing, and operation of irrigation systems are crucial
factors to achieve an efficient use of water resources and success in the production of crops.
And after survey the framers in the area we concluded that they know about few techniques.so,
we explained about remaining techniques and its usage and benefits to the framers.
Scope
Inter-state Water disputes: Most of the adopters are wealthier farmers and
poor farmers cannot afford it. This problem is resolved by inventing low -cost systems
by different agencies. International Development Enterprises (IDE), an NGO is actively
working in Maharashtra and Gujarat innovate low-cost micro irrigation systems and
create awareness among poor farmers.
Expensive micro irrigation :
Irrigation is a state subject in India. Development of water resource is,

therefore, being planned by states individually taking into account their own needs
and requirement. However, all major rivers are inter-state in character. As a result,
difference with regard to storage, priorities and use of water arise between different
states. Narrow regional outlook brings inter-state rivalries over distribution of water
supply.
Water-logging and salinity: Introduction of irrigation has led to the

problem of water logging and salinity in some of the states. The working group
constituted by the Ministry of Water Resources in 1991 estimated that about 2.46
million hectares in irrigated commands suffered from water logging. The working
group also estimated that 3.30 million hectares had been affected by
salinity/alkalinity in the irrigated commands.
Increasing cost of irrigation: The cost of providing irrigation have been

increasing over the years from the first five-year plant to tenth five-year plan.
Decline in water table: There has been a steady decline in water table in the recent
period in several parts of the country, especially in the western dry region, on account
over exploitation of ground water and insufficient recharge from rain -water.
Energy crisis due to power outages and unscheduled interruptions

across rural and urban India: This problem may be solved by integrated drip
irrigation with solar panel system which is considered as the best option for off -grid
farmers. In one of the banana fields in Gujarat, it was estimated that the pressure
requirement was only 1-1.5 kgIcm2 for in line dripper. A solar pump system in this field
consists of 12 solar panels each of capacity 250 Watt, can operate a pump of 3 Horse
Power (HP) capacity.
Annexure-I
(Log Book)
Visit No-01
Date :
Time :
Summary :
Signature of the Supervisor
Visit No-02
Date :
Time :
Summary :
Visit No-03
Date :
Time :
Summary :

Visit No-04
Date :
Time :
Summary :
Visit No-05
Date :
Time :
Summary :
Visit No-06
Date :
Time :
Summary :
Visit No-07
Date :
Time :
Summary :

Visit No-08
Date :
Time :
Summary :

Visit No-09
Date :
Time :
Summary :
Visit No-10
Date :
Time :
Summary :

Visit No-11
Date :
Time :
Summary :

Visit No-12
Date :
Time :
Summary :

Annexure – 2
(Data collected from village people)
Student Self-Evaluation for the Community Service Project
Student Name :
Registration No :
Period of CSP : From: _______________ To: _______________
Date of Evaluation :
Please rate your performance in the following areas:
Rating Scale: Letter grade of CGPA calculation to be provided
1 Oral communication 1 2 3 4 5
2 Written communication 1 2 3 4 5
3 Proactiveness 1 2 3 4 5
4 Interaction ability with community 1 2 3 4 5
5 Positive Attitude 1 2 3 4 5
6 Self-confidence 1 2 3 4 5
7 Ability to learn 1 2 3 4 5
8 Work Plan and organization 1 2 3 4 5
9 Professionalism 1 2 3 4 5
10 Creativity 1 2 3 4 5
11 Quality of work done 1 2 3 4 5
12 Time Management 1 2 3 4 5
13 Understanding the Community 1 2 3 4 5
14 Achievement of Desired Outcomes 1 2 3 4 5
15 OVERALL PERFORMANCE 1 2 3 4 5
Date: Signature of the Student

Student Name :
Registration No :

Student Name :
Registration No :

Student Name :
Registration No :

Student Name :
Registration No :

Student Name :
Registration No :

Evaluation by the Person in-charge in the Community / Habitation
Student Name :
Registration No :
Name of the Person in-charge :
Address with mobile number :
Please rate the student’s performance in the following areas:
Please note that your evaluation shall be done independent of the student’s self- evaluation
Rating Scale: 1 is lowest and 5 is highest rank
Date: Signature of the Supervisor

Student Name :
Registration No :

Student Name :
Registration No :

Student Name :
Registration No :

Student Name :
Registration No :

Student Name :
Registration No :

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IRRIGATION

COMMUNITY SERVICE PROJECT

A Community Service Project report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of

III B. Tech I Semester of

COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

M.Yeswanth Nagesh J.S.R.H.V. Kumar

This is to certify that the “Community Service Project Report” submitted by

A.S.L.V.N. Harika (20ME1A0506), K.L.N. Susmitha (20ME1A0525), M.Yeswanth

B. Tech I Semester of Bachelor of Technology in Computer Science & Engineering.

Mrs. L.L.S. Maneesha Dr.P.M. PRASUNA

We hereby declare that the Community Service Report on “Irrigation” submitted by

A.S.L.V.N. Harika K.L.N. Susmitha

M.Yeswanth Nagesh J.S.R.H.V. Kumar

We express our heartfelt gratitude to the Management of Ramachandra College of

A.S.L.V.N. Harika K.L.N. Susmitha

M.Yeswanth Nagesh J.S.R.H.V. Kumar

Chapter Description Page No

2 Executive Summary 2-3

5 Summary of Data Collections & Interviews 7-8

6 Outcome of the Project 9

9 Annexure – 2 (Data collected from village people)

10 Annexure – 3 (Data collected from Govt. Agencies)

Agriculture is the largest consumer of the earth ‘s available freshwater. Irrigation

The IAASTD (International assessment of agricultural science and technology for

The struggle to secure food is highly assisted by increasing production using

To achieve sustainable production from irrigated agriculture it is obvious that the

Irrigation is the artificial application of water to the soil through

Experience with irrigation

The choice of an irrigation method also depends on the irrigation tradition

Cost and benefits:

Before choosing an irrigation method, an estimate must be made of the costs

What are the factors influenced you?

By communicating with villagers, we identified the following problems:

1. Low Water Availability

2. Low Water Table

5.the framers only know about few techniques

1. Low Water Availability:

2. Low Water Table:

5. Only know about few techniques:

Write your specific role in this survey

These are the farms where the drip irrigation is implemented.

• Learning service as a graduate attribute.

Relationship with the Institution

• Stronger relationships with faculty

Expensive micro irrigation :

Irrigation is a state subject in India. Development of water resource is,

Water-logging and salinity: Introduction of irrigation has led to the

Increasing cost of irrigation: The cost of providing irrigation have been

Energy crisis due to power outages and unscheduled interruptions

Signature of the Supervisor

Signature of the Supervisor

Signature of the Supervisor

Signature of the Supervisor

Signature of the Supervisor

Signature of the Supervisor

Signature of the Supervisor

Signature of the Supervisor

Signature of the Supervisor

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