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Section A [15 marks]

Answer all questions in this section
1. Which organism corresponds to its characteristic?
A. Jelly fish  body has numerous pores
B. Snail  excretory system consists of flame cells
C. Tapeworm  flattened dorsoventrally
D. Spider  triploblastic acoelomate

2. In the school’s field ecosystem, there are 5 species of fungi, 18 species of plants, 10 species
of insects and 8 species of animals living together and interacting with each other.

Based on the statements above, which level of biodiversity is involved?

A. Genetic diversity
B. Species diversity
C. Population diversity
D. Ecosystem diversity

3. Phosphate-rich rock
A D
Soil Animals
B C
Plants

The diagram above shows a part of phosphorus cycle. Which process A, B, C and D shows
leaching?

4. Which of the following are examples of stabilising selection?

I. Polymorphism of the peppered moth Biston betularia.
II. Babies with extreme body weights show higher mortality.
III. Bacteria population resistance to antibiotics will have better chance to survive.
IV. Africans that are heterozygous for sickle cell anaemia will be less affected by malaria.
A. I and II B. I and III C. II and IV D. III and IV

5. A group of students carried out a field trip to estimate the population of squirrel in the forest of Gunung
Pulai. 30 traps were set up on Day-1 and they caught 21 squirrels. The squirrels were carefully marked
and released back into the forest. On Day-8, 30 traps were set again. This time, they caught 15
unmarked squirrels and 8 marked squirrels. Estimate the population of squirrel in Gunung Pulai.
A. 39 B. 56 C. 60 D. 113

6. Which of the following correspond correctly?

Pattern of Distribution Example
S – Clumped I – saga plants that excrete toxins to kill nearby plants
T – Uniform II – wolf pack and their hunting behaviour
U – Random III – Lalang grass that is dispersed by wind

S T U
A. II I III
B. II III I
C. I II III
D. I III II

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7. The organism that uses k-strategy for survival

I. has long gestation period
II. has high competitive ability
III. lives in an unstable environment
IV. has high mortality rate when young
A. I and II B. I and III C. II and IV D. III and IV

8. The fur of the mouse can either be brown or white. A mouse breeder performed a cross between two
heterozygous brown mice. He examined their offspring and found out that the number of brown mice
is almost twice the white mice. What conclusions can be drawn from the result?
A. The ratio of offspring follows Mendelian ratio.
B. The allele for fur colour of mouse is codominant.
C. The gene for fur colour of mouse is a lethal gene.
D. The gene for fur colour shows epistasis inheritance.

9. The diagram shows a cross performed in a breeding experiment.

Brassica oleracea (cabbage) x Raphanus sativus (radish)
parents 2n = 18 2n = 18

gametes n=9 n=9

F1 generation 2n = 18
Which of the following statement explains why F 1 hybrid plants were sterile?
A. Chromosomal duplication occurred in F1 hybrid.
B. There were an odd number of chromosomes in the gametes.
C. Chromosomes of F1 hybrid could not form homologous pairs during meiosis.
D. The F1 hybrid was polyploidy and could not undergo gametogenesis to form gametes.

10. In a town of 8000 population, 7820 of them are normal while the rest are suffering from a rare
autosomal recessive disease. Assuming that the population is in genetic equilibrium, how many
carriers are there in the town?
A. 180 B. 360 C. 1020 D. 2040

11. Genes P, Q, R and S are located on the same chromosome. Investigation of a large population
produced the following cross-over values between the pairs of genes.
Q and R 4%
S and R 12%
S and P 30%
Q and P 14%
Which one of the following sequences of letters represents the gene sequence on the chromosome?
A. S R P Q B. S P R Q C. P Q S R D. P Q R S

12. Which of the following statements are true about translation in eukaryotes?
I. It occurs in nucleus.
II. It involves RNA polymerase.
III. It happens with the help of ribosomes.
IV. The end product will be a polypeptide chain.
A. I and II B. I and IV C. II and III D. III and IV

13. Which of the following is not true of restriction enzyme?

A. It breaks the hydrogen bonds in the DNA.
B. It cuts the DNA at specific restriction sites.
C. It can cut the DNA to produce sticky end or blunt end.
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D. It is named for the organism from which it was first isolated.

14. The diagram shows a plasmid molecule having restriction

site for EcoRI and BamHI. What will happen if the
plasmid is treated with both EcoRI and BamHI?
A. Two DNA fragments will be produced.
B. Three DNA fragments will be produced.
C. A linear plasmid molecule will be produced.
D. The plasmid will denature and change shape.

15. Which of the following are the properties of vector phase λ DNA?
I. Able to replicate semi-independently in host cell.
II. Insert the DNA into host cell by transformation efficiently.
III. DNA has been modified extensively to facilitate genome splicing.
IV. Can only accept smaller pieces of foreign DNA compared to plasmid.
A. I and II B. I and III C. II and IV D. III and IV

Section B [15 marks]

Answer all questions in this section.
16. The graph below shows the biomass of algae and zooplankton in a lake ecosystem between
January to July.

Increasing
biomass

algae zooplankton
(a) Give two reasons why the biomass of algae increases between January to March. [2]
(b) Draw a pyramid of biomass to show the relative biomass of algae and zooplankton in Jun. [1]
(c) The general pattern of the population growth of algae can be shown in the graph below.
Population size

Phase V

Phase U

(i) Name the type of population growth. [1]

(ii) Name Phase U. [1]
(iii) Describe how Phase V is achieved. [2]

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17. A simplified diagram of lac operon that control the gene expression of lactose digestion in Escherichia
coli is shown below.

z y a

(a) Name the inducer of lac operon. [1]

(b) (i) Name structure M. [1]
(ii) Describe the effect of structure M to the lac operon in the absence inducer. [3]
(c) If a gene mutation occurs to gene y and changes it to a stop codon, what will happen to the bacteria
in presence of inducer? [3]

Section C [30 marks]

Answer ONLY two questions in this section.
18. (a) Compare the characteristics of phyla Bryophyta and Filicinophyta. [5]
(b) Explain the impacts of human activities to the biodiversity in Malaysia. [10]

19. (a) The different species of finches in Galapagos Islands vary in the shape and size of their beaks,
depending on the niches that they live. Scientists believe that they originate from a single
species of finch in the mainland of Ecuador. Describe the evolutionary process that may have
happened to form the different species of finches in Galapagos Islands. [10]
(b) Differentiate between continuous and discontinuous variations. [5]

20. (a) Luciferases are enzymes that produce light when they oxidise their substrate. The gene for the
most common luciferase comes from the firefly. Describe briefly how scientists can clone
copies of this gene using mRNA of luciferase extracted from firefly. [10]
(b) Differentiate between genomic and cDNA libraries. [5]

“Good Luck”

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