Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 15 views

    Struc@Array Question

    Uploaded by

    beshahashenafe20
    The document discusses passing arrays and array elements as arguments to functions in C++. It states that indexed array elements can be passed to functions that accept a single int argument. When an array element is passed by value, any changes made to the parameter inside the function do not affect the original array. The document also notes that entire arrays can be passed to functions and used as arguments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Struc@Array Question

    Uploaded by

    beshahashenafe20
    15 views3 pages
    The document discusses passing arrays and array elements as arguments to functions in C++. It states that indexed array elements can be passed to functions that accept a single int argument. When an array element is passed by value, any changes made to the parameter inside the function do not affect the original array. The document also notes that entire arrays can be passed to functions and used as arguments.

    Original Description:

    Struc@Array Question

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses passing arrays and array elements as arguments to functions in C++. It states that indexed array elements can be passed to functions that accept a single int argument. When an array element is passed by value, any changes made to the parameter inside the function do not affect the original array. The document also notes that entire arrays can be passed to functions and used as arguments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    15 views3 pages

    Struc@Array Question

    Uploaded by

    beshahashenafe20
    The document discusses passing arrays and array elements as arguments to functions in C++. It states that indexed array elements can be passed to functions that accept a single int argument. When an array element is passed by value, any changes made to the parameter inside the function do not affect the original array. The document also notes that entire arrays can be passed to functions and used as arguments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 3

    7.

    1 Introduction to Arrays 387

    For example:

    int arr[] = {2, 4, 6, 8};


    for (int x : arr)
    cout << x;
    cout << endl;

    This will output: 2468


    When defining the variable that will iterate through the array we can
    use the same modifiers that are available when defining a parameter for
    a function. The example we used above for variable x is equivalent to
    pass-by-value. If we change x inside the loop it doesn’t change the array.
    We could define x as pass by reference using & and then changes to x
    will be made to the array. We could also use const to indicate that the
    variable can’t be changed. The example below increments every element
    in the array and then outputs them. We used the auto datatype in the
    output loop to automatically determine the type of element inside the
    array.

    int arr[] = {2, 4, 6, 8};


    for (int& x : arr)
    x++;
    for (auto x : arr)
    cout << x;
    cout << endl;

    This will output: 3579. The range-based for loop is especially convenient
    when iterating over vectors, which are introduced in Chapter 8, and iterating
    over containers, which are discussed in Chapter 18. ■

    S el f -T est Exerc ises

      1. Describe the difference in the meaning of int a[5] and the meaning of
    a[4]. What is the meaning of the [5] and [4] in each case?

      2. In the array declaration


    double score[5];

    state the following:

    a. The array name


    b. The base type
    c. The declared size of the array
    d. The range of values that an index for this array can have
    e. One of the indexed variables (or elements) of this array
    388 Chapter 7 / Arrays

      3. Identify any errors in the following array declarations.


    a. int x[4] = { 8, 7, 6, 4, 3 };
    b. int x[ ] = { 8, 7, 6, 4 };
    c. const int SIZE = 4;
    d. int x[SIZE];

      4. What is the output of the following code?


    char symbol[3] = {'a', 'b', 'c'};

    for (int index = 0; index < 3; index++)


    cout << symbol[index];

      5. What is the output of the following code?


    double a[3] = {1.1, 2.2, 3.3};
    cout << a[0] << " " << a[1] << " " << a[2] << endl;
    a[1] = a[2];
    cout << a[0] << " " << a[1] << " " << a[2] << endl;

      6. What is the output of the following code?


    int i, temp[10];

    for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)


    temp[i] = 2 * i;

    for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)


    cout << temp[i] << " ";
    cout << endl;

    for (i = 0; i < 10; i = i + 2)


    cout << temp[i] << " ";

      7. What is wrong with the following piece of code?


    int sample_array[10];

    for (int index = 1; index <= 10; index++)


    sample_array[index] = 3 * index;

      8. Suppose we expect the elements of the array a to be ordered so that


    a[0] ≤ a[1] ≤ a[2] ≤ ...

    However, to be safe we want our program to test the array and issue a warning
    in case it turns out that some elements are out of order. The following code is
    supposed to output such a warning, but it contains a bug. What is it?
    double a[10];
    <Some code to fill the array a goes here.>
    7.2 Arrays in Functions 389

    for (int index = 0; index < 10; index++)


    if (a[index] > a[index + 1])
    cout << "Array elements " << index << " and "
    << (index + 1) << " are out of order.";

      9. Write some C++ code that will fill an array a with 20 values of type int read
    in from the keyboard. You need not write a full program, just the code to do
    this, but do give the declarations for the array and for all variables.

    10. Suppose you have the following array declaration in your program:
    int your_array[7];

    Also, suppose that in your implementation of C++, variables of type int use
    2 bytes of memory. When you run your program, how much memory will
    this array consume? Suppose that when you run your program, the system
    assigns the memory address 1000 to the indexed variable your_array[0].
    What will be the address of the indexed variable your_array[3]?

    7.2 Arrays in Functions


    You can use both array indexed variables and entire arrays as arguments to
    functions. We first discuss array indexed variables as arguments to functions.

    Indexed Variables as Function Arguments


    An indexed variable can be an argument to a function in exactly the same
    way that any variable can be an argument. For example, suppose a program
    contains the following declarations:
    int i, n, a[10];

    If my_function takes one argument of type int, then the following is legal:
    my_function(n);

    Since an indexed variable of the array a is also a variable of type int, just like n,
    the following is equally legal:
    my_function(a[3]);

    There is one subtlety that does apply to indexed variables used as


    arguments. For example, consider the following function call:
    my_function(a[i]);

    If the value of i is 3, then the argument is a[3]. On the other hand, if the
    value of i is 0, then this call is equivalent to the following:
    my_function(a[0]);

    You might also like