Volume 9, Issue 1, January 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165

FALL and RISE of Matrix Mechanics

Dr. Ismail Abbas

Abstract:- In 1925, W. Heisenberg, Max Born and clearly showed that the theory of HMJ fell short of SE
Pascual Jordan introduced the first so-called matrix theory with respect to the principle of superposition.
mechanics (HMJ theory) to study the fine structure of
the Bohr hydrogen atom. Furthermore, HBJ theory has never addressed the
description of macroscopic physical phenomena and is
However, in the early 1930s, the equivalence therefore considered incomplete.
between the HMJ theory and the Schrödinger equation
was denied and the HMJ theory fell. In other words, HMJ theory is incomplete because it
cannot solve classical physics problems such as the thermal
In 2020, a new theory of matrix mechanics diffusion equation.
emerged, called b-matrix chains, and has been
successfully applied to different 3D situations in classical As a result, the HMJ and SE equivalence has been
physics as well as quantum mechanics. debunked and considered a myth in the interpretation of
double-slit interference experiments.
In this paper we study the application of new
matrix theory to the initial value problem in the 3D heat This is what we call the fall of Matrix Mechanics
diffusion equation as well as to quantum particles in a almost a century ago.
3D cube where the numerical results are strikingly
accurate. However, In 2020, a new theory of matrix mechanics
MM emerged and successfully applied to different areas of
The similarity of the matrix techniques applied in classical physics in addition to quantum mechanics.
both cases suggests that nature has only one face to show
in classical and quantum physics. This is what we call the renaissance or rise of matrix
mechanics.
I. INTRODUCTION
The new matrix mechanics (MM) procedure is called
In 1925, W. Heisenberg, Max Born and Pascual Jordan B-matrix chains and is abbreviated as BMM.
introduced so-called matrix mechanics (HMJ theory) to
study the fine structure of Bohr hydrogen atom. HMJ theory The important inherent depth difference between HBJ
succeeded in finding quantum numbers such as l,m,s in and BMM matrix mechanics is that BMM theory is more
addition to the principal quantum number n. comprehensive.

HNJ proposed a square matrix generally having HBJ is a lifeless mathematical description in 3D+t
complex entries which was considered a matrix formulation space while matrix chain technique B is a living natural
of QM and obviously the first mathematical formulation of statistical system capable of evolving natural situations in
quantum mechanics. It is conceptually autonomous and 4D x-t unit space.
logically coherent [2]. In other words, in the HBJ technique, the time step dt is
In 1927 the well-known Schrödinger equation SE fixed arbitrarily and not quantified as in the case of the
appeared with the Bohr/Copenhagen interpretation. BMM technique.

SE, with the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum The Schrödinger equation and HBJ matrix mechanics
mechanics, has dominated the field since the 1930s. operate in a separable 3D+t space, so HBJ and SE theories
can be seen, in some way, as a subset of SE and not the other
In the years 1927 to 1930, the equivalence between way around.
HMJ theory and SE theory was supported by rigorous
In this article, we explain how to apply the new BMM
mathematical proofs, with the exception of the extended
technique to show the temporal evolution of initial value
concept regarding the quantum superposition of the wave
problems in two 3D situations namely:
function resulting from the interpretation of
Bohr/Copenhagen where the HBJ takes late.  Heat diffusion in a metal cube,
 Energy states of a quantum particle in a closed box.
Unlike HBJ, Schrödinger equation perceived the field-
like continuity of some key microphysical phenomena, such The analysis and numerical results show that the same
as the interference phenomena of a coherent electron beam inputs of 3D matrix chains are used in both classical physics
in double-slit experiments. (i) and quantum mechanics (ii).

In the late 1930s there was much debate about the The similarity between classical physics and quantum
equivalence of HMJ's and Schrödinger's equation until the physics has also been demonstrated in previous
performance of a double-slit interference experiment which articles[3,4,5].

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Volume 9, Issue 1, January 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
This means that nature has a face to show in classical It is worth mentioning that in Markov matrix chains we
and quantum physics. do not care about the energy density, boundary conditions,
source term, average properties of the medium, etc., whereas
The transition matrix B and hence BMM is well in the case of matrix chains B, we do it.
defined and has been successfully applied to different areas
of classical physics such as Poisson and Laplace PDE, heat  When a physical statistical transition matrix chain B for
diffusion equation, theory and design of the audio. rooms, the energy density U(x,y,z,t) exists then it can be defined
Limited integration in 1D, 2D, 3D ,etc. [6,7,8,9]. by the recurrence relation,
Furthermore, the extension of BMM to find a U (x, y, z, t+ dt) = B. U(x,y,z,t)
numerical statistical solution of the time-independent
Schrödinger equation in 1D, 2D and 3D was also recently Note that the transition matrix B should have a place
described and the numerical results were surprisingly for the boundary conditions BC and the source term S which
accurate [3,4,5]. are essential in the solution of the heat diffusion equation as
well as the Schrödinger equation.
An important reason to replace the Schrödinger
equation with the equivalent B-matrix mechanics is that As a result, a chain transition matrix B emerges and
you move from the domain of SE where many questions must be able to describe the solution trajectory for the
remain unanswered to the domain of statistical matrix energy density U through its own solution space for any
equations where almost all questions have answers. given time evolution in 4-D unitary xt space. Also note that
the string transition matrix B describes the energy density in
The extension of physical matrix mechanics to the classical physics problems and the square of the wave
solution of Schrödinger equation requires strict adherence to function ψ2(r) in quantum mechanics problems.
certain fundamental limits that apply to the entire BMM  Classical macroscopic statistics and quantum
theory. microscopic statistics are subject to the same physical
transition matrix B. which means that nature only has
Additionally, the application of the concept of physical one face to show.
B-transition matrix chains (B-matrix mechanics) to the  In the matrix chain solution for the time-dependent
solution of both classical physics problems and Schrödinger energy density U(x,y,z,t) the real time t is completely lost
equations requires the introduction of certain physical terms and replaced by N.dt where N is an integer describing
or concepts and basic mathematics which we leave briefly the number of iterations and dt is an inherent time step or
explained in the following hypotheses: jump in time.
 Square matrices are a subset of mathematical matrices,
and physical square matrices that have physical meaning Time is replaced by the number of repetitions of the
(such as the transition matrix B) and favored for defining physical process N.
matrix mechanics are a subset of square matrices.
 What is a numerical and/or statistical solution! It is also worth mentioning that discretizing time t into
forbidden and allowed where t = N dt and N is an integer is
The numerical solution replaces the analytical solution itself a quantification of time. Apparently, this condition
of the time-dependent PDE by discretizing space and time replaces Bohr's hypothesis of energy quantification in 1913.
into dx and dt and replacing the differentials dy/dx by
[y+dy-2y +y-dy]/2dx and d ^2 y/dx ^ 2 by [y+dy-2y +y-  The matrix solution for the energy density U(x, y, z, t) in
dy]/dx^2. etc. the time-dependent and time-independent PDEs appears
as a matrix equation.
In other words, the numerical solution method reduces
the PDE to a system of algebraic equations via the finite This is exactly what one would expect from a matrix
difference method FDM. mechanics technique.

On the other hand, computational methods such as Not all matrix equations “resulting from the solution of
(FDM) are not necessary in transition matrices of statistical PDE via the transition matrix B” are eigenvalue equations.
solutions since FDM techniques inherently exist in statistical For example, the matrix equation of the numerical solution
chains of transition matrices. of the heat diffusion equation results in a matrix system of
non-homogeneous first-order linear algebraic equations
 Statistical transition matrices B and chains of statistical while the matrix equation of the numerical solution of the
transition matrices exist and define a distinguished kind Schrödinger equation is homogeneous and results in an
of matrix mechanics. Its modeling works effectively to eigenvalue problem. . Several eigenvalues have their
find the evolution of energy density in partial differential corresponding eigenvectors. The time-dependent and time-
equations. independent Schrödinger equations are in-depth examples of
eigenvalue equations in quantum mechanics, with their
We currently know two, namely the mathematical and eigenvalues corresponding to the allowed energy levels of
statistical transition matrix of Markov and the physical the quantum system. Generally speaking, in the statistical
transition matrix B which is the subject of this article. transition matrix B, the eigenvalue is the dominant

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Volume 9, Issue 1, January 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
eigenvalue (eigenvalue of the maximum absolute value) We logically assume that SE is, in some way, a subset
equal to 1. of matrix mechanics and not the other way around. It would
be absurd to expect that the missing physical elements of the
 What is the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and SE would be completed by the SE itself.
what is the time-independent Schrödinger equation?
II. THEORY
The time-dependent equation is iℏ(dψ/dt)= Ĥψ,
In the Cairo techniques approach, the time-dependent
and the time-independent equation is Eψ = Ĥψ. solution of the PDE of energy density U(x,t) is given by
[6,7,8,9], U(x, t)=D(N) . (b + S) + IC. B^N. . . . . (1)
Which show that the Schrödinger equation is a second
order linear PDE in what is called the wave function ψ(x,t) Where S is the vector of the source/sink term and IC is
and constitutes a means of probabilistically describing the the vector of the initial conditions.
temporal evolution of energy, of the momentum and position
of quantum particles in space. His time-independent Equation 1 is used as a time-dependent statistical
equation for ψ(x) describes the equilibrium state that occurs equivalence matrix that can be used in the solution of
when evolutionary time tends to infinity. It should be noted classical physics problems such as thermal conduction PDE
that another way to describe the dynamics of quantum and it is also proposed to find a solution to the 3D
particles is to use statistical transition matrices (New Matrix Schrödinger equation .
Mechanics) which completely ignore the Schrödinger
equation and the wave function ψ as if they do not had never It should be noted that equation 1 contains a term
existed in the same way as we solve the heat diffusion due to the initial state conditions described by IC. B^N
equation. without going through thermal EDP. which is expected to decrease exponentially with time
because the modulus of matrix B is less than 1.
This is obviously ψ2 and not ψ itself
 In addition, the method of separating variables This term tends to zero with time in non-isolated
W(x,y,z,t)=X(x)Y(y)Z(z) f(t) is also not necessary systems of classical physics such as the heat diffusion
because it is intrinsically included in the 4D unit space equation, but not in isolated quantum mechanical systems
inseparable x-t from the strings of matrix B. such as described by the time-dependent Schrödinger
 The numerical method (technique) of Monte Carlo is equation.
closest to the Cairo technical method and matrix For isolated quantum mechanical systems as
mechanics. However, the numerical Monte Carlo method described by the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, the
is a bit old and requires generating a random numerical matrix B is completed by the voltage matrix V(x,y,z) and
variable thousands of times. This makes the
therefore does not tend to zero with time.
interpretation of its numerical results long and tedious.
 The determinant of the quantum transition matrix Note that equation 1 is the solution of U(x,t) in a 4D
Q=B+V(x,y,z) must be equal to zero to identify the unit space xt where the real time t is completely lost and
homogeneous system which gives rise to the eigenvalue replaced by a dimensionless integer N.
problem.
Again, the integer N is the number of iterations which
In other words, a determinant equal to zero means that is the number of time steps or time jumps dt.
a matrix is a singular matrix. A matrix is singular if it has no
inverse, which means it cannot be used to solve systems of Equation 1 is very important because it defines the
linear equations. spatio-temporal evolution of the energy density U in space
and time in matrix form. Furthermore, equation 1 is the
 In the problem of eigenvalues in matrix chains B, the solution source of matrix mechanics in classical and
dominant or maximum eigenvalue =1. quantum physics.
 Finally, let us emphasize again that today we only know
a kind of physical transition matrix and a kind of In fact, Equation 1 is the fundamental idea of B-matrix
mechanical matrix which is the transition matrix B mechanics.
resulting from the so-called Cairo technique.
The application of equation 1 to the solution of
But why does the matrix mechanics introduced by the quantum mechanical problems has been successfully carried
transition matrix chains B allow a better understanding of out in 1D, 2D and 3D situations [3,4,5] where the solution
theoretical physics? process must be carried out in consecutive steps.
 We first assume an intrinsic and/or extrinsic landscape
The Schrödinger equation describes how a particle's potential V(x,y,z) which must be symmetrical and imply
wave function ψ(x, y, z) explores 3D space as a function of a zero BC potential.
time t.  We assume that the matrix B(x,y,z) must be completed
by a diagonal matrix V(x,y,z) representing the source
Three-dimensionality is the fundamental intrinsic lack term S, that is to say
of SE.

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Volume 9, Issue 1, January 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
S(x,y,z,t)=Constant. V(x,y,z,t) . . . .. (2)
It is worth mentioning that B-matrix string theory is
Where S is a source/sink term. not entirely new and has been working effectively in
different fields of classical physics since 2020 [6,7,8,9].
The constant of equation 2 is found by trial and error
such that the determinant of [B + V(x,y,z,t).I] is equal to The ultimate goal of B-matrix mechanics is to find
zero (rule 12 of section I) and is explained in more detail in the adequate numerical solution to physical problems in
section III (numerical results). almost all areas of classical physics as well as those of the
Schrödinger equation by expressing the relevant physical
Equation 2 is a breakthrough because it characterizes quantities in a unit x-t space.
the physical domain of validity of SE and suggests a
statistical solution to 3D Schrodinger equation that In order not to worry too much about the details of the
circumvents SE itself. theory, let's move on to the following numerical results.

Note that there is a simple way to solve the matrix III. NUMERICAL RESULTS
statistical equivalence of SE, i.e.
A. III-A
U(x, t)=D(N) . (b + S) + IC. B^N. . . . . . (1) A Heat diffusion equationInitial value problem,

This involves assuming in advance the potential T(x,y,z,t=0) =constant or unity.

landscape V (x, y, z) first, then working backward to find the
eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the energy. This can also be [1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1]T
a way to resolve the SE, while it's easier to go back and look
for a solution. Required to find T(x,y,z,t=0) at any time t<0.

This is exactly what happens even when solving the  Step 1

1D, 2D and 3D Schrödinger equation via B-matrix statistical Construct the transition matrix B with fixed RO
chains [3,4,5], while it is better to first assume the potential corresponding to the adequate thermal diffusion coefficient
landscape before solve. D of the material tested.

We also know that the solution of matrix chains B We assume here that RO = 0.2, which corresponds to
bypasses SE and therefore may be, in some way, more the thermal diffusivity of high purity aluminum metal.
informative than SE itself, a claim which will be explored in The 3D transition matrix B(27x27) for RO=0.2 is given
more detail when describing solutions to time dependent by,
Schrödinger's equations in 4D.

0.20 0.6/8 0.00 0.6/8 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.6/8 0.20 0.6/8 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.0 0.6/8 0.20 0.0 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.6/8 0.000 0.00 0.20 0.6/8 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.00 0.6/8 0.0 0.6/8 0.20 0.6/8 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.6/8 0.20 0.00 0.0 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.00 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.00 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.6/8 0.20 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.0 0.6/8 0.20 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.0
0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.20 0.6/8 0.00 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.20 0.6/8 0.0 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.0 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.6/8 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.20 0.6/8 0.00 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0

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Volume 9, Issue 1, January 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.6/8 0.20 0.6/8 0.00 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.6/8 0.20 0.0 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.6/8 0.0
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.20 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6/8
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.6/8 0.20 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.6/8 0.0
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.6/8 0.0 0.6/8 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.00
0.000 0.6/8
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.6/8 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.20 0.6/8 0.0 0.6/8 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.0
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.20 0.0 0.00 0.6/8 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.6/8 0.00 0.6/8
0.00 0.0
0.0 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.6/8 0.0 0.6/8 0.20 0.6/8 0.00
0.6/8 0.00
0.00 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.6/8 0.20 0.00
0.0 0.6/8
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.00 0.20
0.6/8 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.00 0.6/8
0.20 0.6/8
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.6/8 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6/8 0.00
0.6/8 0.20

We call this matrix M1.

 Step 2 N=2
Use equation 1 with the substitution, b=0 and S=0. T=
0.198 0.25 0.198 0.25 0.314 0.25
Equation 1 reduces to, 0.198
U(x,y,z,t)=B^N. U(x,y,z,t=0) 0.198 0.25 0.314 0.318 0.25 0.318
0.389..etc..
The numerical results of temperature T as a function of N=3
dimensionless time t=N are presented in Table I. T=
Table I. temperature T (x,y,z,t) against time N [0.096, 0.127, 0.096, 0.127, 0.167, 0.127, 0.096 ,
N=0 0.127, 0.096, 0.131, . 127 , 0.127, 0.168 , 0.229 .. etc..,
T= Note that throughout the previous cooling curve where
[1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1] all 27 nodes evolve towards zero temperature, the central
What is the temperature distribution under initial node 14 is always at the maximum temperature.
conditions t=0. Figure 1 shows the numerical results presented in Table
N=1 I for the nodes on axes 5,14,23.
T=
{0.425, 0.5, 0.425, 0.5, 0.575, 0.5, 0.425, 0.5, 0.425,
0.5, 0.575, 0.5, 0.575, 0.65, 0.575, 0.5, 0.575, 0.5, 0.48,
0.555, 0.425, 0.5, 0.575, 0.5, 0.48, 0.555, 0.425]

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Volume 9, Issue 1, January 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165

Fig. 1: Numerical results of the temperature T on the axis of the metal cube at different times N.

B. III-B: Quantum particle in the 3D dimensional box Again, the transition eigenmatrix Q is given by,
One of the important applications in quantum mechanics Q = B + C. V(x,y,z).I
is the total energy distribution of a quantum particle in the
3D dimensional box. The constant C is a function of the size and shape of
the matrix B and can be easily found by trial and error if we
 Step 1 know that:
Similar to the heat diffusion equation, we start with the  Determinant [Q}=0.
3D transition matrix B with the only change that RO = 0 and  V(x,y,z) is symmetrical with respect to the center of
not 0.2. mass of the geometric shape which here coincides with
node 14.
We call this matrix M2.
Here the quantum transition matrix Q is given by,
 Step 2
Construct the quantum transition matrix Q with fixed RO
= 0 as explained in reference 5.

3/16 1/6 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1/6 4/16 1/6 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 1/6 3/16 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1/6 0.0 0.0 4/16 1/6 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 1/6 0.0 1/6 6/16 1/6 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 1/6 4/16 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 3/16 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 1/6 4/16 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 1/6 3/16 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4/16 1/6 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 6/16 1/6 0.0 1/6 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 4/16 0.0 0.0 1/6
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

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0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 6/16 1/6 0.0
1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 1/6 8/16 1/6
0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 1/6 6/16
0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0
4/16 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0
1/6 6/16 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6
0.0 1/6 4/16 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 3/16 1/6 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 4/16 1/6 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 3/16 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 4/16 1/6 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 1/6 6/16 1/6 0.0 1/6 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 1/6 4/16 0.0 0.0 1/6
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 3/16 1/6 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.00 1/6 4/16 1/6
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1/6 0.0 1/6 3/16

We call this matrix M3.

 Step 3 930611/1769472 284309/331776 930611/1769472

Use equation 1 with the substitution, b=0 and S=0. 284309/331776 487973/331776 284309/331776
487973/331776 35113/13824 487973/331776
Equation 1 reduces to, 284309/331776 487973/331776 284309/331776
930611/1769472 284309/331776 930611/1769472
U(x,y,z,t)=Q^N. U(x,y,z,t=0) 284309/331776 487973/331776284309/331776
The numerical results of the total quantum energy as a 930611/1769472 284309/331776 930611/1769472
function of time N are presented in Table II. N=3
U(x,y,z)=
Table II. Energy density U (x,y,z,t) against time N 0.526, 0.857, 0.526, 0.857, 1.471, 0.857, 0.526, 0.857,
N=0 0.526,0.857, 1.471, 0.857, 1.471, 2.540, 1.471, 0.857, 1.471,
U(x,y,z)= 0.857,0.526, 0.857, 0.526, 0.857, 1.471, 0.857, 0.526, 0.857,
[1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1] 0.526

What is the temperature distribution under initial (PDF) FALL and RISE of Matrix Mechanics. Available
conditions t=0. from:
N=1 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377220714_FALL
U(x,y,z)= _and_RISE_of_Matrix_Mechanics [accessed Jan 08 2024].
[11/16 11/12 11/16 11/12 29/24 11/12 11/16 11/12
11/16 11/12 29/24 11/12 29/24 3/2 29/24 11/12 29/24 11/12 When the above results are validated via the
11/16 11/12 11/16 11/12 29/24 11/12 11/16 11/12 11/16] conditions, i,ii, they showed excellent agreement, which
N=2 means that the mechanics of matrix B are almost exact.
U(x,y,z)=
930611/1769472 284309/331776 930611/1769472 Figure 2 shows the numerical results presented in Table
284309/331776 487973/331776 284309/331776 II.

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Volume 9, Issue 1, January 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165

Fig. 2: Numerical results for the energy of quantum particles in a box at different times N.

IV. CONCLUSION [6]. I.M. Abbas, I.M. Abbas, IJISRT review, A Numerical
Statistical Solution to the Laplace and Poisson Partial
It is possible to extend physical transition matrix Differential Equations, Volume 5,Issue11, November –
chains or B-matrix mechanics to the solution of the time- 2020
dependent Schrödinger equation. [7]. I. Abbas, A rigorous experimental technique for
measuring the thermal diffusivity of metals,
The present study shows that the same statistical chains Researchgate, IJISRT Review, Aug 2022.
of the B matrix can be applied to the solution of the 3D heat [8]. I. Abbas,Effective unconventional approach to
equation as well as to that of the Schrödinger equation. statistical differentiation and statistical integration, Nov
This means that nature only has one face to show in 2022.
classical and quantum physics. [9]. Marc Baldo, The time-independent Schrödinger
equation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2022
We present the solution for two illustrative situations, [10]. Google search, Numerical solution of time-
namely the initial-valued thermal diffusion problem and the independent 1D Schrodinger equation.
equilibrium energy distribution for a given initial state of a [11]. I. Abbas,FALL and RISE of Matrix Mechanics,IJISRT
quantum particle in a three-dimensional box where the review, Jan 2024.
numerical results are excellent precision. [12]. A critical analysis of ionizing wave propagation
mechanisms in breakdown, I Abbas, P Bayle Journal of
Note: In the previous calculations, the author used his Physics D: Applied Physics 13 (6), 105.
own double precision algorithm as explained in ref. 12.

No ready-made algorithms such as Python or MATLAB

are required.

REFERENCES

[1]. John H. Mathews, Numerical methods for

Mathematics, Science andEngineering,1994.
[2]. E. G. Tsega,International Journal of Mathematical
Modelling & Computations Vol. 11, No. 01, Winter
2021, 49- 60. A Numerical Solution of Three-
Dimensional Unsteady State Heat Equation,
Researchgate, IJISRT Nov 2023.
[3]. I. Abbas, A statistical numerical solution for the time-
independent Schrödinger equation
[4]. I. Abbas, A numerical statistical solution for the time-
independent Schrödinger equation -Part II,
Researchgate, IJISRT Dec 2023.
[5]. A 3D numerical statistical solution for the time-
independent Schrödinger equation, Researchgate,
IJISRT Dec 2023.

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