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PRE-ELEMENTARY DEPARTMENT
ALAMINOS CITY, PANGASINAN
RESEARCHER
GRACELYN BITOR YANDAY
ALVIN JAYSON BUGARIN VELASCO
ROJEL JAN OCAMPO GALZOTE
BEVERLY ANTENOR SINDAYEN
JAMILA DIVINA QUITANIA
JESSICA APOSTOL ANCHETA
ROSHELLE GALOPE RELANO
ABSTRACT
Researchers:
Gracelyn B. Yanday
Jamila A. Quitania
Beverly A. Sindayen
Roshelle B. Relano
Jessica A. Ancheta
Rojel John Galzote
Alvin Jayson B. Velasco
School: The Great Plebeian College, Don. Reinoso Street, Poblacion Alaminos City,
Pangasinan.
This study explores the potential of reading fluency, specially employing the video
assisted cloze through Microsoft Powerpoint presentation and converting it into video as
a learning tool to enhance reading fluency among the Grade IV pupils in the Great
This action research focus into the effectiveness of the Video-Assisted Cloze
Strategy (VACS) in improving the reading fluency skills of Grade 4 pupils. The VACS
integrates video clips with cloze exercises, requiring students to fill in missing words
while watching. This study gathered the information through the Strategic Intervention
Materials for 8 weeks remediation the study combines the result of pre- and post-
intervention reading fluency assessments. This approach will assessed the scores
gathered during the pre-test and post-test with selected 10 pupils, Grade 4 pupils
engaged in VACS activities over a designated period, with their progress tracked and
These findings underscore the potential of the VACS as a valuable instructional tool for
enhancing reading fluency skills among Grade 4 pupils. Practical implications for
This masterpiece would not have been possible without the guidance and help of
several individuals, who in one way or another contributed, and extended their valuable
First and foremost, I would like to thank our Almighty God for guiding us every
day, for giving us strength and positivity to continue and finish this action research study.
To our research adviser MR. JOEMAR PADLAN ALLAM, for all his advice,
understanding, patience, and care for his students which lead to successful completion.
To our honorable panel chaired by Dr. ROSANA CELINO (CTE Dean), Dr.
ELLEN DE OCAMPO (High School Principal of GPC), and Dr. EDLYN MAE
SARMIENTO for their time, professional advice, and suggestions for the completion of
MA.Ed for allowing us to validate our SIM and to conduct our action research
Intervention and for giving some advice and suggestions. And also, to Ms. DENISE
GORDO the Grade 4 Adviser supporting our study in the PRE- Elementary Department
To our family, friends, classmates, and to our respondents for their invaluable
love and support which serve as an inspiration for us to finish this study.
The Proponent
Dedication
This piece of work was not successfully done without the help of the people whom I
Gilbert V. Yanday and Riza B. Yanday for their moral support, care, and love. To my
uncle and auntie Thomas Oliver and Genalyn Y. Oliver thank you for moral and
financial support in my college journey. To my friends and group mates, thank you for
Yanday, and uncle Gemcy Yanday, thank you for all the support and encouragement.
And most of all to our Almighty God for the continuous guidance he gave us, power,
GRACELYN
Dedication
To Jesus Christ, our Lord, and Savior for giving me the wisdom, strength, and
knowledge to explore things, for the guidance and helping me surpass all the
First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all those
thanks to our adviser Mr. Joemar Padlan Allam for his invaluable
Father and Grand Mother support my study especially my financial needs. And
support.
ALVIN JAYSON
First, I would like to dedicate the accomplishment of our research to my parents for
always being there for me financially and emotionally, sticking with me through good
times and bad, and offering me guidance when I didn't know what to do.
Second to the students at The Great Plebeian and Elementary Schools for their
assistance and support; without them, this research would not have been possible. Their
insightful and sensible advice ensures that the information we have gathered is sufficient
Last but not least, I would like to dedicate the success of this research study to my
friends, group members, and teachers. I appreciate your never-ending support and
encouragement, your constant belief in our ability to succeed, and your constant
encouragement to think positively and believe that we can complete this research and
turn it in on time.
BEVERLY
Above all, I dedicate this work of art to our Creator, the Almighty God. Who
wife, Mrs. Aiza A. Galzote, comes in second. for their encouraging words and
unwavering love. To my mother, Mrs. Jelie O. Galzote, who has never stopped
thank my son, who are always there to share happy times and encourage me to
ROJEL JAN
DEDICATION
This action research is wholeheartedly dedicated to our beloved parents, who have been
our source of inspiration and given us strength also who have been supporting us
financially and emotionally, supporting us through difficult times and times when we want
Second I would like to express my special thanks to our mentor Mr. Joemar Padlan
Allam for the time and effort he provided throughout our action research. Your advice and
suggestions were really helpful to us during the Action Research process. In this
Last but not least, we would like to give special thanks for the success of this research to
encouragement and support as well as your unwavering faith in our potential success.
ROSHELLE
Dedication
Above all, I dedicated this masterpiece first to our Almighty God, our creator. Who always
gives me the strength and wisdom to finish my study. Second to my mother Mrs Relene A.
Ancheta. For their unconditional love and words of encouragement. To my tita mommy
Mrs Rosalie A. Estillore who endlessly supports my tuition fees and other expenses I
needed. And lastly To my husband and my daughter, who are always there to give joyful
moments and support me to finish this study. Thank you very much!!!
JESSICA
Table of Content
Contents Pages
TITLE PAGE
✓ Melcs/Lc’s
✓ Research Design
✓ Participants
✓ Summary
✓ Conclusion
✓ Difficulties
✓ Recommendation
speed, accuracy, and expression. It was crucial for individuals, particularly children, to
attain fluency in both silent and oral reading to comprehend texts effectively. Serving as a
crucial link between initial and advanced reading stages, fluency development aided in
mastering reading fluency supported the cultivation of oral language skills and phonemic
awareness, while also facilitating alphabet understanding and proficiency with complex
intricate words, thereby expanding their vocabulary and overall reading proficiency.
Fluency in oral reading is a crucial ability that is necessary for the growth of
which is facilitated by fluency as a skill. Lack of oral fluency abilities accounts for over 90%
of comprehension issues, therefore students who struggle with reading fluency in their
early academic years are likely to experience difficulties later in life. Because of this, it’s
essential to develop literacy abilities from an early age. (Aldhanhani & Edmad A. S. Abu-
Ayyash, 2020)
Literature frequently discussed the value of fluency and its advantages. Numerous
articles listed the traits of a fluent reader. Reading sounds that flow Effortlessly, sometimes
known as prosody, as if the reader were conversing regularly 2020 WETA Public
series of short phrases. Fluency, according to researchers, is the capacity to read quickly,
correctness and expressiveness are important. Children read fluently and quickly decode
while also deriving meaning from the sentences to build a comprehension of the content of
the story. Instead of concentrating on word-by-word decoding, they now read sentences.
smoothly and concentrate on understanding the narrative. The ability to read fluently
assess students' reading rates. Some publications offer methods for judging fluency. The
Words Read per Minute (WPM) rate for a timed reading passage is one approach to
assess fluency. Truly proficient readers are more than merely fast readers in terms of
words per minute. Since students are not fluent readers, they read for comprehension
because "it allows the reader to focus their mental attention on understanding the text
rather than on pronouncing the words. These findings led to a general concern being
raised in classrooms all around the world. Students weren't improving their word-per-
minute reading rates or attaining benchmark fluency standards (Van Erp, 2021)
The cloze procedure, also known as cloze reading, was an educational approach
that involved presenting passages of text with certain words intentionally omitted. Learners
then filled in these missing words using contextual cues, thus constructing meaning from
the text. Cloze procedure served multiple purposes, including assessment, aiding in
simplicity, cloze was a sophisticated tool that disrupted the conventional reading process
by removing crucial words and prompting readers to rely on their vocabulary and
and reading comprehension skills among children with learning difficulties. Seventy-six
students in fourth, fifth, and sixth grades who were receiving special education in reading
comprehension and vocabulary were randomly assigned to either a group that utilized
video instruction or a group that did not. In the non-video group, teachers employed
videodisc-based situations to teach vocabulary and concepts, while the video instruction
group utilized printed materials and dictionaries for instruction. Each student underwent
pre, post, and follow-up examinations two weeks after the intervention stage to assess
selected words that were taught during the intervention. (Joy F. Xin & Herbert Rieth, 2001)
among the participating nations in the 2018 Programme for International Students
Assessment (PISA), along with the Dominican Republic, Kosovo, and Lebanon. Based on
the national education strategy’s indicator analysis, the Dominican Republic’s student
reading and comprehension rate was found to be at 28.57%. In five Dominican Republic
territories, data collecting took place during May and June of 2022. (Ramirez, 2022)
Moreover, One of the issues facing the Philippine educational system is the high
percentage of Filipino students who struggle with reading, which is strongly connected to
low accomplishment levels, particularly in public schools. The low achievement levels are
further indicative of the students’ inadequate reading skill development. Writing, reading,
and mathematics were the three learning domains in which a percentage of Filipino fifth
graders’ performance showed the least competency in 2019, according to the Southeast
Asia Primary Learning Metric [SEA-PLM]. (Abril, Acerbo, & Abocejo, 2022). Furthermore,
among the nations that took part in PISA, reading proficiency for both boys and girls
scored lowest. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development conducts
the global PISA study, which looks at students’ reading comprehension. The Philippines
received the lowest reading and reading comprehension scores in the 2018 Programme
for International Students Assessment (PISA), out of 79 participating economies and
nations. In the 2018 PISA, reading was the primary subject evaluated for pupils aged 15
years. With an average reading score of 340, the Philippines fell more than 200 points
short of China’s score of 555 and more than 100 points short of the OECD average of 487.
Being able to read well is necessary for many different human tasks, such as following
directions from a handbook or figuring out the who, what, where, and why of an event
happening; the communicating with others for specific purposes or transactions. (San
Juan, 2019)
Locally, The Philippines Informal Reading Inventory (Phil-IRI) results for DepEd
Region 1 show that 2,794 female students and 4,502 male students in Grades 3 through 6
are among the 7,296 identified non-readers in Filipino. Similarly, 7,739 men and 4,254
women made up the 11,993 non-readers in English for Grades 4 through 6 in total. The
information leads one to the conclusion that a sizable portion of students do in fact
Moreover, in the local context, the researchers were allowed to discover the current
fluency development of the Grade 4 pupils studying in The Great Plebeian College – a
private educational institution located at Don Pedro Reinoso, Street, Poblacion, Alaminos
City, Pangasinan. In the researcher’s recent interview with the grade 4 adviser who has 23
pupils, one of the frequent issues that the teacher tries to address is reading difficulty by
giving the pupils remedial exercises that help them improve their reading fluency.
According to the Grade 4 adviser, among the 22 pupils, they have just a few pupils who
Hence, the researchers still conduct this study to determine the effectiveness of the
proposed strategy, and the effectiveness of the video-assisted closed strategy (VACS)
using the strategic intervention material (SIM). If ever the proposed strategy is effective,
the researchers then encourage VACS teachers to use it to help young learners in their
fluency development.
This study evaluated the effectiveness of the assisted cloze strategy in the reading
fluency skills of Grade 4 pupils. Hence, the researcher came up with the following
research questions:
1.) What is the reading fluency level of the pupils before conducting an assisted
cloze strategy?
2.) What is the reading fluency level of the pupils after conducting the assisted
cloze strategy?
3.) Is there a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test results in
Hypothesis
Based on the research questions mentioned above, the researchers came up with the
following hypothesis:
Null Hypothesis
1.) There is no significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of
about the Strategic Intervention Material (SIM). The said intervention will be given to
the learners as they learn at home while watching it. It is composed of five parts
namely: guide cards, activity cards, assessment cards, enrichment cards, and
an application that can create video, collage and editing photo for a better
presentation.
The parts of this card target the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs)
which consist of 8 Learning Competencies (LCs) which will be performed in eight [8]
week MELCs: Use Adverbs (Adverbs of manner, places, and time) in sentences. Q3-
EN4G-IIIe-16
The 8 LCs:
[2.] To make learners read a word and identify adverbs of manner, place, and
time
[3.] To make learners able to read and recognize the adverbs of manner,
[4.] To make learners read and recognize adverbs of manner, place, and time
in the Sentences
[5.] To make learners read and recognize adverbs of manner, place, and time
in the Paragraph
[6.] To make learners read and recognize adverbs of manner, place, and time
[7.] To make learners read and recognize adverbs of manner, place, and time
[8.] To make learners read and recognize adverbs of manner, place, and time
An 8-week course to implement the intervention within the time limit with each mentioned
WEEK 1- The first week of implementing the intervention provided by the researchers
aims to help pupils in grade four pupils to read and familiarize the alphabet. The
intervention guided by five parts which is Guide card, Activity card, Assessment card,
Enrichment card and Reference card. The Guide card presented an alphabet letter with
its correct reading fluency with the example of every letter. The activity card presented
the alphabet letter with the application of cloze-test procedure. For example, a_ c d
e_ .... the pupils read the letter with the missing letter and they are going to read it
correctly and fluently. The assessment card presented/stated that pupils write the
alphabet letter and read it fluently. The other assessment pupils are going to read the
word with missing letter and they choose the letter in the given box to complete the word
and read it correctly/ fluently. The enrichment card, presented a various adverb (manner,
place and time) word and pupils read it fluently. And lastly, reference card presented
other sources that pupils can used to find more or learn more information.
WEEK 2- The second week of implementing the intervention provided by the researcher
to help pupils to read adverb of (manner, place and time) words. The guide card
presented the definition of adverb, adverb of manner adverb of place and adverb of time
with examples. The activity card presented an examples of Adverb word (Manner, Place,
and Time) and the pupils read the word and identify what verbs it is. The Assessment
Card contain 3 task, The first task is the pupils find and read all the adverb of time in the
given 15 words. The second task is the pupils find and read all the adverb of Place in the
given 15 words. The third task is same procedure but they find adverb of manner in the
given 15 words. Every task there are 10 correct answer out of 15 words. The enrichment
card presented an example of Phrases with adverb of (Manner, Place, and Time) and
pupils read the adverb words used. The reference card stated the other sources that can
WEEK 3- The third week of implementing the intervention provided by the researcher
aims to help pupils read the Phrases fluently and recognize the adverbs of manner,
place, and time used in the Phrases. The researchers will use the same method just like
the previous week the Strategic Intervention Material (SIM) which consists of five parts
which include a guide card, activity card, assessment card, enrichment card, and
reference card. The guide card presented the definition of the use of adverb. Adverb of
Manner, Places, and time in phrases with examples. The activity card presented an
activity that is connected to adverbs of Manner, Places, and Time in phrases to analyze if
the pupils understand the lesson about. In assessment card it also provides activities in
a cloze procedures form and they read and arrange the jumble adverbs word to
complete the phrases. In the enrichment card provides activities in a word hunt form then
circle the adverbs they see. In the reference card it contains of other sources where the
WEEK 4- The fourth week of implementing the video intervention is to make learners
able to determine what type of adverb used in the given sentences using cloze test. The
guide card presented examples of sentences with the used of adverb of manner, place
and time. The activity card presented 10 sentences with cloze procedure. The learners
choose in the box the correct adverbs word to complete the sentences. The assessment
card presented a sentence with missing word. To complete the sentence, they need to
arrange the sample letters of adverb word to complete the sentence. The enrichment
card, learners read the two short paragraph and identify/ state the adverb word fluently.
The reference card of other sources where the video intervention made.
WEEK 5- The fifth week of video intervention is to make learners read and recognize
adverb of manner, place and time in paragraph. In the guide card it stated the definition
of paragraph and example of paragraph with adverb of manner, place and time. The
activity card presented a paragraph and the pupils need to read it and identify all the
adverb verbs used in the paragraph. The assessment card presented one paragraph
with the missing words. The learners need to choose in the given word bank box the
correct adverb word to complete the paragraph and read it afterward. The enrichment
card presented a poem and in the separate box, the learners need to write/ state the
adverb they find in the poem. The reference card presented the other sources to help
learners understand more about the week 5 Strategic Intervention Material (SIM).
WEEK 6-
WEEK 7-
WEEK 8 -
The strategic intervention material (SIM) that the researchers will develop, consists of 8
learning competencies based on the MELCS and will guarantee that the creation of this
understand what you’re reading and what other people are talking about is a prerequisite for comprehension
for both children and adults. Both readings aloud and silently incorporate this. Reading comprehension is
enhanced and readers are encouraged to read more when they can read fluently. Combined reading phases,
like early and later reading, will be the term used for it. Learning to read fluently in its early stages fosters the
development of phonemic awareness and oral language abilities. Teaching the alphabet’s foundation and
refining complex words are also aided by it. The pupil gains familiarity with more complicated texts when they
(Kelly, 2020) explained in the ThoughtCo blog why teachers need to utilize the cloze procedure test to
assess students’ reading comprehension. Titled Assessing Reading Comprehension Through the Cloze
Test. Researchers have used the Cloze method over time and have discovered that it is a reliable
indicator of reading comprehension levels. In addition, the article named “Inspiring: English Educational
Journal” entitled “ The Implementation of Cloze Procedure Techniques in Enhancing Students Reading
Ability” stated that there was an improvement in the student’s achievement when they implemented the
Cloze Procedure compared to the other procedure that they use. They also state that the Cloze
Procedure is effective for the students' reading ability and also it can increase the student’s participation
Students in grade 4 are still in a crucial phase in their reading fluency development. Children can read
between 80 and 90 words per minute at the start of the fourth grade, according to the Read Charlotte article.
However, students have to get up to reading 120 words per minute by the conclusion of the school year.
Nonetheless, a lot of pupils find it difficult to read fluently at this grade level.
Action research aims to enhance the processes of teaching and learning while gathering information
to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. By investigating classroom practice through a collaborative,
reflective, and problem-solving approach, action research in education aims to enhance the teaching and
learning process. Action research entails cycles of organizing, carrying out, monitoring, and evaluating
According to Felton 2022, Reading fluency referred to the ability to read accurately, smoothly, and with
expression. It was crucial for understanding what was read, whether spoken or written, and for
comprehending both simple and complex texts. Fluency development started early, aiding in the
development of phonemic awareness and oral language skills. As fluency improved, so did reading
comprehension, and individuals were more likely to read more frequently and with greater enjoyment.
The blog post on ThoughtCo titled "Assessing Reading Comprehension Through the Cloze Test"
highlighted the importance of utilizing the cloze procedure test by teachers to assess students' reading
comprehension. Researchers had consistently found the Cloze method to be a reliable indicator of
reading comprehension levels over time. Additionally, an article titled "The Implementation of Cloze
Procedure Techniques in Enhancing Students Reading Ability" in the "Inspiring: English Educational
Journal" reported an improvement in students' achievement when the Cloze Procedure was implemented
compared to other procedures. The article emphasized that the Cloze Procedure was effective for
enhancing students' reading ability and could also increase their participation in the classroom learning
process. These findings underscored the value of incorporating the Cloze Procedure into educational
practices for evaluating and improving students' reading comprehension skills. (Kelly, 2020)
According to Llego 2022, action research was a methodology used in education to improve teaching
and learning processes by systematically gathering information and assessing the effectiveness of
and problem-solving manner. The primary goal of action research was to enhance the teaching and
learning process through evidence-based improvements. In action research, educators typically went
through cycles of planning, implementing interventions, monitoring their effects, and reflecting on the
outcomes. This iterative process allowed teachers to make informed adjustments to their teaching
methods and strategies. Through action research, educators aimed to address specific challenges or
areas of improvement in their teaching practice. They gathered data, analyzed it, and used their findings
to inform decision-making and make targeted improvements. This approach promoted continuous
professional growth and contributed to the overall enhancement of teaching and learning outcomes in the
classroom. Overall, action research provided a structured framework for educators to engage in ongoing
inquiry and reflection, leading to meaningful enhancements in teaching practice and student learning.
Students in grade 4 are still in a crucial phase in their reading fluency development. Children can read
between 80 and 90 words per minute at the start of the fourth grade, according to the Read Charlotte article.
However, students have to get up to reading 120 words per minute by the conclusion of the school year.
Nonetheless, a lot of pupils find it difficult to read fluently at this grade level.
A. Research Design
The subject shall be selected through the purposive sampling method under non-probability
techniques to obtain a sample in which the researchers can use their expertise/judgment in choosing
specific participants/pupils that can help the research study meet its goals. This sampling method is
Participants
In this study, the researchers used a purposive sampling technique under non-probability
techniques to select the participating subjects. This sampling technique had handpicked 10 Grade
4 pupils from The Great Plebeian College of Pre-Elementary & Elementary Department who were
remarkably poor in the field of reading fluency skills during the 2023-2024 academic year. The
researchers conducted a pre-test assessment to identify the pupils with the lowest performance in
fluency skills. By using purposive sampling, the researchers purposely selected these specific
pupils to create their sample group to examine the impact of the intervention on the pupils who
struggled with fluency skills. This method allowed researchers to focus on the target population
The pre-test reading materials were adapted from Grade IV Textbooks and FLAT The
reading material has six levels set, including, letter level, word level, paragraph level,
story level, story level with comprehension, and local material level with comprehension
Hence, we must be acquainted with the performance levels of our learners in reading
literacy to help us develop and deliver appropriate reading lessons addressing the needs
of our learners.
functional literacy. The FLAT also serves as our guide in developing lessons and
resource materials specially designed to cater to our learners' reading levels. Functional
literacy is defined as the ability to read through the FLAT to the story or the local material
and answer retrieval questions about the story or material as accurately as possible. This
is an essential literacy skill that leaders need to do everyday tasks. The FLAT aims to
help teachers/researchers identify the learners' literacy levels so that they will be able to
designed to help us to conduct the reading assessment effectively and efficiently. Our
The FLAT is composed of different materials and rating scales used to measure the
attainment of the desired reading test competencies per grade level. This is a ladder
assessment tool; thus, every phase of the assessment should be followed strictly. We
may proceed to the succeeding levels until we can determine the functional level the
pupils have achieved with ease. We need to explain to the learners that the results of the
In using the FLAT, the teachers/researchers will refer to the following rating scales to
the FLAT effectively and efficiently. We are also requested to assist the parents who
opted to use FLAT in assessing their child's literacy level at home. Before proceeding to
conduct the assessment activity, make sure that our learner is comfortable both
physically and emotionally. Establish rapport with, our learners by doing small talk or
other warm-up activities. Our learner will perform at his or her best when he or she trusts
us. Explain to the learners that we are doing this assessment activity because we want
to help them.
recognize at least 4 letters from the given reading tool. Ask the learner to choose and
read any 5 letters from the letter list provided. If the learner does not choose, we may
Here’s the guide we will use to determine if our pupils are at the “Letter Level” Table
4: Level 1 ( Letter Level Rubrics)
NO YES
At this level, Our learners are expected to recognize and read at least 4 common
words. Use the word list provided. From the word list, ask the learner to read any 5 of the
words given. We can point out the words if the learner does not choose from any of the
Here’s the guide we will use to determine if our pupils are at the “Word Level
• If the child cannot read at least 5 • If the child reads at least 5 out of
out of the ten words with ease. the 10 words from the wordlist.
• Stop here. No need to proceed to
the next level.
to read aloud. If the learner does not choose, point to one paragraph and let him or her
This is an optional template for recording the miscues of the pupils. We may use
this to enumerate a sheet to list down the miscues committed by the pupils while
reading.
Here’s the guide we will use to determine if our pupils are at the “Paragraph Level”
NO YES
• Your leamer reads the text like a • Your learner reads the text like
string of words, rather than a he/she is reading a sentence. Your
sentence. Your child reads the text • learner reads the text fluently and
haltingly (nervously) and stops with ease, even if he/she reading
very often. o Or slowly.
• Your learner reads the text with
Your child reads the text fluently one to three mistakes only.
• but with more than three mistakes.
Before we proceed to the assessment activity, please keep in mind that our learners do
not need to read all the reading texts. The learners must choose only one text they will
read for this level. At this level, let the learner read the short story aloud while we listen
carefully to how he or she reads. Give the learner enough time to choose what text he or
List down all the miscues (mispronunciation, omission, substitution, insertion, repetition,
proceeding to the assessment properly, make sure that the learner is at ease and is
Ask the learner to choose the story from the three selections that he or she wants
to read. Give the learner enough time to choose the story. Once a story has been
selected, ask the learner to read the story aloud without any interruptions and at his or her
own pace. There is no time limit for this part. If the learner wishes to read the story again
After reading the story, we may proceed to ask the learner comprehension questions.
You may repeat the questions many times as needed for the pupils to understand.
Here’s the guide we will use to determine if our pupils are at the “Story Comprehension
Level”
NO YES
• The learner fails to answer all the • The learner can answer 4 out of 5
questions or gives only one correct comprehension questions
answer out of the correctly.
five comprehension • He or she is at the story
• questions. comprehension level
Mark your child at Story Reading
Level." Let your learners proceed to level
• 6 local materials.
Stop here. No need to proceed to
the next level.
The FLAT assesses the highest reading level of our learners who can perform
comfortably. We will use the FLAT to determine. The pupil’s Well-being Target on
functional literacy among learners in the primary grade levels, Grades 1 to 3, up until the
The FLAT follows the given reading test competencies as criteria for identifying our
learners' functional literacy levels. Our learners' reading level is considered "functional" if
they can read through the story or local material and answer at least two fact retrieval
major parts that are based on the strategic intervention material (SIM), which are Guide
Cards, Activity Cards, Assessment Cards, Enrichment Cards, and Reference Cards. This
said the intervention was first crafted by the researcher using a PowerPoint Presentation
powered by Microsoft and crafted again in a Video Editor powered by InShot. The Inshot
application allows users to edit text, photos, and even videos for making different
presentations. Furthermore, the post-test reading materials will do the same process as
The researchers, before the start of the study, will request the permission of the
School Principal of the Pre-Elementary & Elementary Department of the Great Plebeian
College of Alaminos City, Pangasinan. A copy of the approved request or permission was
given to the Teacher and Adviser of Grade Three Pupils. Furthermore, the researcher
requests permission from the parents/guardians of Grade Four pupils for the conduction
of the pretest and those 10 pupils who undergo the assessment. The researchers will
issue a letter stating the consent of the parents and guardians of pupils who will be
selected for the experiment. The researchers state in the letter that all the information of
After the researchers ask for permission, they proceed to administer the pre-test
one week before the assessment. The pre-test will adapt from the Functional Literacy
Assessment Tools (FLAT) Regional Memoranda RM No. 020, s. 2023. The reading
material has five levels set, this includes; letter level, word level, paragraph level, story
The one-on-one reading strategy, researchers will use to determine what level the
Assessment Tools (FLAT). Meanwhile, the pre-test will be conducted a week later when
the researchers have requested permission. The pre-test will be modified from
Functional Literacy Assessment Tools (FLAT) Regional Memoranda RM No. 020, s.
2023.
At the end of the experiment, the post-test shall be administered to the researchers
to determine if the reading level of the struggling readers after exposure to the
intervention is improved. The data gathered in the pre-test and post-test was analyzed
Ethical Issues
Right to conduct a study or investigation – Upon the approval of the
School President of The Great Plebeian College to experiment, the researchers asked
permission from the school principal and the adviser of the pupils. Furthermore, the
researcher requested permission from the parents of Grade IV pupils for the conduction
in the letter that all the information of learners will be highly treated as confidential.
The pre-test and post-test design is used in this study to determine the
Grade Four pupils. To accomplish this, a one-group pre-test and post-test experimental
procedure are commonly utilized by behavioral researchers to find out the effect of the
intervention on a specific sample. This research design is divided into two features. The
first one is the use of o single group of participants. Thus, particular creatures indicate
that all participants are part of a single condition, which means they will be given equal
treatment and assessment. The second one is a linear ordering that requires the
the study of Rutten, Harting, Bartholomew, Schlief, Oostendorp, and de Vries, they used
the one-group Pre-test and Post-test design focusing on the Evaluation of the theory-
base
Quality Improvement in Physical Therapy (QUIP) program. The study aimed to pilot test
the multilevel QUIP program’s effectiveness and the fidelity, acceptability, and feasibility
of its implementation.
Problem number 1 What is the reading fluency level of the pupils before and after
conducting the assisted cloze strategy? The researchers use descriptive statistics
posttest results in the reading fluency level of the pupils? The researcher used FLAT
Levels of Reading Fluency of the Readers before and after the Experiment.
Table 10 presents the reading performance of the selected Grade 4 learners before the
Table 10: Reading Fluency level of Selected Grade 4 Pupils Before the Exposure to
the Video-Assisted Cloze Strategy.
Learners Letter Word Paragraph Story Story
Level Level Level Level Comprehension
Level
1 / / /
2 / / /
3 / / /
4 / / /
5 / / /
6 / / /
7 / /
8 / /
9 / /
10 / /
The table reveals the Reading Fluency level of the Grade 4 pupils before the
exposure to the Video-Assisted Cloze Strategy. To pass the Pre-test and not become part
of the study, the learner should be able to pass level 4 which is the story level. The pre-
test will be the guide if the intervention used is effective or if the pupils move forward to
Table 11: Reading Fluency Level of Selected Grade 4 Pupils After the Exposure to the
Video-Assisted Cloze Strategy.
Learners Letter Word Paragraph Story Story
Level Level Level Level Comprehension
Level
1 / / / / /
2 / / / / /
3 / / / / /
4 / / / / /
5 / / / /
6 / / / /
7 / / /
8 / / /
9 / / /
10 / /
The table reveals the result of the Reading Fluency Performance of the selected
Table 12: Differences Between Reading Fluency Levels of Pre-Test And PostTest
Learners Pre-Test Level Post-Test Level Differences in Levels
the Cloze procedure can assist students in expanding the use of language
Moreover, (Kelly, 2020) explained in the ThoughtCo blog why teachers need to utilize
the cloze procedure test to assess students’ reading comprehension. Titled Assessing
Reading Comprehension Through the Cloze Test. Researchers have used the Cloze
method over time and have discovered that it is a reliable indicator of reading
comprehension levels.
In addition, the article named “Inspiring: English Educational Journal” entitled “ The
stated that there was an improvement in the student’s achievement when they
implemented the Cloze Procedure compared to the other procedure that they use. They
also state that the Cloze Procedure is effective for the student's reading ability and also
Based on the result of the post-test the pupils showed that 9 of the participants were
moved forward to the next level and only 1 participant remained. Thus only 4 participants
passed level 5 from the paragraph level, only 2 participants moved to the story level from
the paragraph level, and 3 of the participants moved to paragraph level from the word
The study aimed to investigate the reading fluency of selected Grade 4 learners
This study uses Functional Literacy Assisted tools to determine the level of the
learner's reading fluency skills. Ten respondents in this research study undergo the
intervention. According to the pre-test and post-test results, there are significant
differences before and after exposure to VACS. Based on the findings there is a
Moreover the problem encountered by the researchers are not serious and it
Conclusion
effective in enhancing the reading fluency of Grade IV pupils using the PowerPoint
Recommendations
Based on the findings and conclusions, the following recommendations are
presented:
classes.
Bibliography
Abril, J. G., Acerbo, C. T., & Abocejo, F. T. (2022, November). The Philippine Informal Reading
Inventory (Phil-IRI) Program: A Critical Analysis. Budapest International Research and
Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal, ResearchGate.com.
Alchemy. (2021, May 20). Purposive Sampling 101. Retrieved from alchemer.com:
https://www.alcher.com/resources/blog/purposive-sampling-101/
Aldhanhani, Z. R., & Edmad A. S. Abu-Ayyash. (2020). Theories and Research on Oral Reading
Fluency: What Is Needed? Retrieved from academypublication.com:
https://www.academypublication.com/issues2/tpls/vol10/04/05.pdf
Aloe, A. M., Amo, L. C., & Shanahan, M. E. (2014). Classroom Management self-efficacy and
burnout. (A. M. Damme, E. J. Kane, A. Olson, & R. L. Peterson, Eds.) Classroom
Management. Retrieved May 2023, from
https;//k12enagement.unl.edu/strategydrief/classroom%20management%206816.pdf
Aristotle. (n.d.). Val Wass (2018) Educating the mind without educating the heart is no education
at all, Education for Primary Care, 29:2, 63-63, DOI: 10.1080/14739879.2018.1439307.
Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/14739879.2018.1439307.
DepEdRegion1. (2021). Department of Education Record section, Regional Office No.1. Retrieved
from www.depedro1.com:
https://depedro1.com/wpcontent/uploads/2021/06/rm0609s2021.pdf
Ellis, W. A. (2009).
http://jimwrightonline.com/academicinterventions/reading_fluency/reading_fluency_as
sisted_cloze.pdf#:~:text=Whenever%20the%20student%20commits%20a%20reading%2
0error%20or,word%2C%20and%20then%20continues%20the%20current%20reading%20
activity. Retrieved from jimwrightonline.com.
Evans. (1999). IMPROVING READING COMPREHENSION AND FLUENCY THROUGH THE USE OF
GUIDED READING. (K. A. Gabl, K. L. Kaiser, J. K. Long, & J. L. Roemer, Eds.) DEPARTMENT
OF EDUCATION(.gov), https://files.eric.ed.gov/filltext/ED496377.pdf.
Kachu, B., & Nelson, C. (2001). Mathematics and English, Two Language: Teacher's View-ed.
Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1079019.pdf.
Llego, M. A. (2022, August 28). Action Research in Education: What you need to know. TeacherPH.
Retrieved from https://www.teacherph.com/action-researcheducation/#:~:text=Action
%20research%20involves%20taking%20actions%20to%20imp rove%20teaching,that
%20the%20needs%20of%20students%20are%20being%20met.
Ramirez, J. C. (2022, 12 15). Only 28.57% of third-grade Dominican students read and understand
a simple text. Retrieved from DominicanToday.com:
https://dominicantoday.com/dr/local/2022/12/15/only-28-57-of-third-gradedominican-
students-read-and-understand-a-simple-text/
SageJournal. (2016). THE CLOZE PROCEDURE: A CONSPECTUS. SAGE JOURNAL. Retrieved from
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readingcomprehension-among-79-countries
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Minnesota State University Moorhead: https://red.mnstate.edu/thesis/609
APPENDIX A
HERE:
l m _ o p _ r s _ u v
_ x _ z
Directions: Read the Paragraph Fluently. Choose in the box the adverb
words to complete the paragraph.
APPENDIX B
POST TEST READING ASSESSMENT
l m _ o p _ _ s _ u _
w _ _ z
Directions: Read the Paragraph Fluently. Choose in the box the adverb words to
complete the paragraph.
Ants and termites live in the large colonies. Ants have long legs and
can run_______. They can climb________. Termites eat _______ plants.
Many termites build mounds_________. The mounds have thick walls
to keep out ant eaters. Ants can _________lift things that weigh more
than they do. Army ants _________ on the move. The queen
waits ____________ for the workers to bring her food.
Studying insect is ______________ fun.
______, a bird came with seed in its mouth and looked at the rabbit running.
The bird dropped the seed _____ the tree. The rabbit saw it picked it up and
If the pupils can read the STORY, then read the story comprehension
questions out loud to the pupils and ask
the pupils the answer.
A. Cat
B. Rabbit
C. Dog
D. Bird
A. a seed
B. a bread
C. a tree branches
D. an egg
B. It rained
GRACELYN B. YANDAY
San Jose, Bani, Pangasinan
graceyanday0717@gmail.com
+639773424395/+639123448609
OBJECTIVES:
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
✓ COOKERY NCII
✓ FOOD and BEVERAGES SERVICES NCII
✓ MICROSOFT OFFICE (DOCS, PPT)
✓ FLEXIBLE AND RESPONSIBLE
I hereby certify that all information stated here is certified true and correct to the
best of my knowledge.
GRACELYN B. YANDAY
BEVERLY A. SINDAYEN
Kamanggan St.Brgy Polo Alaminos City beverlysindayen@gmail.com
09301638938
OBJECTIVES:
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary : Polo Elementary School
Year: 2013/2014
I hereby certify that all information stated here is certified true and correct to the
best of my knowledge.
BEVERLY A. SINDAYEN
ALVIN JAYSON B. VELASCO
TRAINING/SIMINAR
ATTEND
TREE PLANTING ACTIVITY
The Great Plebeian College
Don Reinoso St. Pob. Alaminos City
January 26, 2024
Nationality : Filipino
Parents : Mr. Ronnie Caasi Galzote & Mrs. Jelie Ocampo Galzote
Educational Background
Elementary:
Bani West Central School 2002- 2006
Bani, Pangasinan
Secondary:
Tertiary:
References
PERSONAL INFORMATION
Status : SINGLE
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Tertiary Education
School : The Great Plebeian College
Primary Education
09104675782
roshellerelano@gmail.com
OBJECTIVE
:
• To contribute well in the society and to the people that I may encounter in
my everyday activity .
PERSONAL INFORMATION
GENDER : FEMALE
CITIZENSHIP : FILIPINO
AGE : 22
WEIGHT : 48
HEIGHT : 5’2
2020-2024
2017-2018
2012-2013
I hereby certify that the above information and statement is true and correct to the best of
my knowledge
ROSHELLE
G.RELANO
Documentation
SIM I
SIM 2 SIM 3
SIM 4 SIM 5
During – Intervention During – Intervention
SIM 6 SIM 7
During – Intervention
SIM 8
During Post - test