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    B1.1 U2 GrammarReference-3983837

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    Jennifer bc
    This document provides instruction on grammar tenses and structures in English, including the past simple, used to, and present perfect tenses. It explains how to form and use these tenses, provides examples, and contrasts their meanings. For example, past simple expresses completed actions in the past, while present perfect relates past actions to the present. The document also covers word formation suffixes and time expressions used with different tenses.

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    B1.1 U2 GrammarReference-3983837

    Uploaded by

    Jennifer bc
    18 views2 pages
    This document provides instruction on grammar tenses and structures in English, including the past simple, used to, and present perfect tenses. It explains how to form and use these tenses, provides examples, and contrasts their meanings. For example, past simple expresses completed actions in the past, while present perfect relates past actions to the present. The document also covers word formation suffixes and time expressions used with different tenses.

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    B1.1_U2_GrammarReference-3983837

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    This document provides instruction on grammar tenses and structures in English, including the past simple, used to, and present perfect tenses. It explains how to form and use these tenses, provides examples, and contrasts their meanings. For example, past simple expresses completed actions in the past, while present perfect relates past actions to the present. The document also covers word formation suffixes and time expressions used with different tenses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    18 views2 pages

    B1.1 U2 GrammarReference-3983837

    Uploaded by

    Jennifer bc
    This document provides instruction on grammar tenses and structures in English, including the past simple, used to, and present perfect tenses. It explains how to form and use these tenses, provides examples, and contrasts their meanings. For example, past simple expresses completed actions in the past, while present perfect relates past actions to the present. The document also covers word formation suffixes and time expressions used with different tenses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    B1.

    Afirmativa
    I/He/She/It was going
    You/We/They were going
    Unit 2 I/He/She/ It was not going
    Negativa
    (wasn’t)
    You/We/ They were not going
    PAST SIMPLE (weren’t)

    1 Forma Interrogativa
    Was I/he/she/it going?
    Were you/we/they going?
    Los verbos regulares forman el pasado añadiendo -ed
    al verbo mientras que los irregulares tienen una forma
    2 Uso y expresiones de tiempo
    propia (ver lista en página 128).
    • Acciones en progreso en un momento concreto del
    pasado (at the time, at 10 o’clock yesterday morning,
    Afirmativa I/You/He/She/It/We/They lived / went during the flight, etc).
    At the time, he was trying to make money from his
    Negativa
    I/You/We/They did not live / go invention.
    He/She/It (didn’t)
    We were watching a programme about new technology
    at 7 o’clock yesterday evening.
    Interrogativa Did I/you/he/she/it/we/they live / go?
    • When y while introducen oraciones temporales y se
    usan con los tiempos past simple y past continuous
    para expresar:
    2 Ortografía para el pasado de los verbos regulares
    - acciones simultáneas.
    • L
     a mayoría de los verbos añaden -ed para formar el While he was talking on the mobile, his mother was
    participio pasado: talk talked, climb climbed cooking.
    • L
     os verbos que acaban en -e añaden solo -d: arrive - acciones que se ven interrumpidas por otras.
    arrived, live lived While he was cleaning the dust, he had a brilliant idea.
    • L
    os verbos que terminan en una consonante + una When she was doing an experiment, he phoned her.
    vocal acentuada + una consonante doblan la última
    consonante: prefer preferred, rob robbed.
    Pero: open opened
    USED TO
    • E
     n los verbos que acaban en consonante + -y se cambia
    1 Forma
    la -y por -ied: carry carried, study studied
    Este tiempo se forma con used to + verb.

    3 Expresiones de tiempo
    Afirmativa I/You/He/She/It/We/They used to go
    yesterday, two hours / days / weeks / months / years
    ago, last Sunday / week / month / year, on the 7th May, I/You/He/She/It/We/They (didn’t)
    in 1999 / the 14th century. did not
    Negativa
    Suelen ir al final de la oración aunque también pueden use to go
    colocarse al principio. I/You/He/She/It/We/They never used to go
    Josephine Cochrane invented the dishwasher in 1886. Interrogativa Did I/you/he/she/it/we/they use to go?
    Yesterday I bought my first mobile.

    2 Uso
    4 Uso
    Se utiliza para expresar hábitos o estados en el pasado
    • Acciones y situaciones acabadas en el pasado. pero que ya no ocurren en el presente.
    Thirty years ago, people didn’t have mobile phones. We used to have a video when we were younger but
    He bought a microwave three weeks ago. now we have a DVD.
    • Estados en el pasado. When I was a child, I didn’t use to chat online with my
    When I was young, I didn’t have a computer. friends.
    My father never used to buy new gadgets when he
    was younger but now he does.
    Did you use to wear contact lenses when you were at
    PAST CONTINUOUS university?

    1 Forma
    Se forma con el pasado del verbo to be y el verbo principal Fíjate
    en -ing (ver página 104 para la ortografía de esta forma). Para expresar hábitos en el presente se utiliza usually +
    He was working on a new project last night at 9 present simple.
    o’clock. They usually buy their kitchen appliances at Ikea.
    Grammar Reference

    CONTRASTE DE USED TO Y FORMACIÓN DE PALABRAS: SUFIJOS


    PAST SIMPLE
    Para formar sustantivos que indican profesiones se
    • A
     veces pueden usarse indistintamente used to o usan los siguientes sufijos.
    past simple.
    She used to live by the sea in the 1950s.
    BASE SUFIJOS
    She lived by the sea in the 1950s.
    • P
     ero cuando se utilizan verbos que indican acciones -or: invent inventor
    Verbo
    únicas acabadas en el pasado solo se puede usar -er: develop developer
    past simple.
    He used to design strange appliances when he was -ian: mathematics mathematician
    Sustantivo
    young. (Solía diseñar aparatos raros cuando era joven. -ist: science scientist
    Se refiere a un hábito que ya no tiene.)
    He designed a strange appliance when he was
    young. (Diseñó un extraño aparato cuando era joven.
    Acción única en el pasado.)

    CONTRASTE DE PAST SIMPLE


    Y PRESENT PERFECT
    La diferencia de uso entre estos dos tiempos es la
    relación que establecen con el pasado.
    • Se usa past simple para expresar una acción
    finalizada en el pasado. Suele ir con una expresión
    de tiempo que indica cuándo se realizó dicha acción.
    People made millions of mobile calls last year.
    My life changed when I bought my hearing aid two
    months ago.
    • Se usa present perfect para hablar sobre una acción
    que comenzó en el pasado y tiene relevancia en el
    presente.
    People have made millions of mobile calls since its
    invention.
    Life has changed with new technology.

    JUST , YET Y ALREADY

    Estas expresiones suelen ir con present perfect.


    • Just
    Expresa una acción que acaba de ocurrir. Se coloca
    delante del participio pasado.
    We’ve just read about the invention of dynamite. I
    can explain everything to you.
    • Already
    Se usa en oraciones afirmativas e interrogativas para
    indicar que una acción ha ocurrido o se espera que
    ocurra antes de lo esperado. Se coloca delante del
    participio pasado.
    Has he already turned in his physics assignment?
    Today is the deadline.
    They’ve already visited the Science Museum. Now
    they want to go to the National Gallery.
    • Y
     et
    Se usa en oraciones negativas e interrogativas para
    hablar de acciones que no han ocurrido todavía. Se
    coloca al final de la oración.
    The new gadgets exhibition hasn’t started yet.
    Have you been to the Faraday Museum yet?
    Yes, I have. It was very interesting.

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