Thent asCs Deeplat, ectat

3 9ansitt 8lenucnli
eup3-19

yMey haw heis lasf two slells in tuplets

en elecliens enw ia+e peuultinati shell

Chasaelsiehes
They tually osm colosed ions
High melting ud berlt petu
C&n be qcod cala lysts
Can endw vasuablë oxidatton s}a tt and adenaeg
e Ca &how naq nettc psepcetLes

4Lwn toansitfonelenients

nap 3(A) pesied

2tcmenu 5
6
1 (not included in pesucdie
kept helow
G eltmcnta LanHanum
5 1 L anidas (anu eascth elne nt)

()noye3(Tmg) peecéod Actindes

(Padtoaciin elmi,
-103

nsacdasietfe s
.wa neltivg nd hoi ig po nts
c d y ndal
Stadreacte

ST-7
 osioda
Tlstpu'od u u hontest
pdadsd _ i o d 3 damanti
peuad-Atowie umban 122
Atonaie wmbou 3-10
3s peuid d - I1-1
peuod
peuod lmautu Aoude 19- 36
s u'od - i8 elaedau
Atou'c no.
3t-5
bst paiod pasuiod- 2 elunta
5 5 -26
noputt Tf..

Yeiod 3B
Na My AL 2 P 3 C A THpical olmuntu

8idae alenels: (elanmatu operuod maiuy) glss

i ilasuiHe o_paopeatau diagonally wit& te adumavds o
diagonal pesiod ths ne
DotaainaHon og0p wumbesr andpsuiool numbee
akvic numbe

Poiod umba no. e s l

wumbe 0 onalana electhong

Valene laknoms

g2 12

pesuod, ghoup 2
2 I4 2 k M
2
2nd peuad roup, 1
A elmaut bonga to tu pesuiod
olacbuon tualanu
umbya
M

1alen Jaction
2 2 t 8+ _ 19

oFindic Yaopesto
Valomu
daum u omdom top to bottom u
valem
a
parteula
lsmnta smainsA ton
alora pstool onll to sught 944pt s
n 't daco20

a)MtaUie cnoOch amd non-mtaluc haau

dum w g o p donm top to bott on apei. it
Lendnuy Hi akoM3 to tk elotROns usiU n
nd thu tu metalee chooact
be ucaIM
a p on tep o bottom
along u pesuod daom to ugt - tendonu
o he atom to dm aton diuaLos and ke
ataic chaaa ir decoLAAOS along
peou6d
non- ntallie
 COais Oets Smll pestion alLd dad
mJuda
Atanae i a.tomic tadius

ethe atoM nd ths valn

elathom
conalLod kaoi us
ralle adiu
Vandsn a Waal 's_radius 3 d/2

Tat onte geadius dopnds upon twatou:

nudlaas chasuqemakus o tu dhage i wlas
C no. o elu

() nueas chasye wneaLes (Hut man

opotona widiHu nudeus imheaua),tu
DR o_t aacHon beheen tu nuluus and alena
elldBoni alo ' e a s whick dacheais tHu S«ads'us
oH atam
Ctt) Adton onoo l_wU isA t dstasa
b e t u e n t u nuclaus auel tha a l a n u olucthom aad
d

s H tu atouic suadius allo mueasA

Vasuiatton oatomic 9adius along tu pesiod aud

o:Acaa Ru piiod snn t to su'glt_Hu nu cloas clangg

Tus t u atenue sadius doceages alang t peníed

lo o í g t n a h i g t a kalogn a jetiola

ecaphion: nent qase Lae adigtty _gRaata oxtonue siz

Juant qases exupt hlium_, has am ottotu ufiad
 Hat a, complukel aUudp vamu s l o t
existu am u a - elidhonic
noLs a t u c tadius
(t) MoD msAt ga we mca s
Vandss Waal 's sadius
gaat o n Ha o tu csalnt iolyH
snailus o
halogems
pp ' Deusn u qaup O top to bottona nutUas
atoruicc
l s deum
tugz.0 ueu
atonic radiu T u econd to u A t
e u
uctea donunots
ut o n ad n d t atonic kaduus
wwith ne

akone adaus

t)IF B ,
CC 8 P Ma ,Na
B

F u< B 2L NM H PSa
()C S< P< Al 4 Mg < Na

Clas ontU
 ic Radiu
Catna ase gmall tuan the pasat ot om
an asge
Na iimatlos a Na W
Na

e efhacHve ucleas pull i case o Nal iqaate

hataato 30dum atom This ecaasetu
tonatc Si2 o Na LM

u Smal C LWhy :

1 2 12 12
&

Tu efectiw wclca pull on ea th ela ckron i

CsL o s l compasadl to Hhat of H
elouwe a t o C Lon usiU havt a1Lal
onie gadius cnprnd toC afonm

Isoele ctooicpecies
3t
F Ne Na M4- AR
Oe
+9 t (0 t 13

Nulsas harge atomil rad'as v

Fo iseectaonue specresai Hs wuclaaa chasR imua3

oru'e adius deisasns
 Aaage m
dduaing 0rdoo o iowc adiug:
2t 2
S 3
20 +lC
p

9tnizalinn otesatisLLooination euta0pyIr)

M t TP), M
eledhon rdrntho suteomot slall
MulLA, otato daaLes atom anda twent
to a Catidn

LP> auus tve sothumc

it > bbon volt (ev)
Fados on wie TP dapauds

1ucLeast conqo
Caatomic o. diug

CAHh atoic Madius auwase!, e TP daeas

?niod Mona paiod abm L to su gRt, a a hau
atomi' noolius daiA aano
henakee 1P ' uaus

n a t aa20 hoe he mau' uum 1P

HU 'melals kas he least TP
 Lo anu mutals w qood saducing agaui

tal
mal w ,2,3 e m tuis valuu thul
LPvaluu u valsuce
ai LMaNd m Hham and tua
gek_ox'di'ced eauly .

ahs ood duung

Down Th top b bottonn, tu nucdeas
grop: houp
wceas03.
hage usnaLDs atonaieS0ds uu allo
Bu Hhe Rcnd Jacker mes doninativg a

C . Mitallie hara cter mssais

Aacn Ainib (2A

Sts eweaa4 olaiad when on e is addsd

o tte utaamoat hell oa uuthal isokated aaisus

aion t ialuaya3 Dtheaue

u released.
Ta vaus o EA a s u u o y - buz eueig
wwt lels chom vlt))

Ogte

Uaual0y A valus s = bat M onuu a i s

we nd ti 22Comd EA becon3 tne

egetsadded Up m ttu i a t stap an anion

Jm the e n Step, wten _am oxkoe
isommd -
 edsto be addodam 'uten
pwll O Comes to planTb dsdsonse o
vernAs ttis
awRAols to uppliad fnom sutu'd
a 6bed by h a n
cosdg g

p matton otth divaIa

A 0won O u ud
tums ut to
pOu ti
Factonu on wieh 2A
dapends:
wus a hage As ttu n a ahargse
naLas , t a l 'moea
(t) atomi c na.di u - As t atommic 9tadius
danras wwwalLste A dachaazA
PoniodAlong te
period don l to sut , thu wudur
natae 'mona and hasuoe tu EA sAaA.

apuo d, Hu halo qus hame Hu mari munm eA

Junt g a s w zuo n tue EA as
ty hae
8tab o ckati e
duplut Cbngigusatn.
hap om zioup om tep to batt om t
a atoe 91adtus mLa
But ud acten u rMe doninaut and
eneew EA dacuare douwn te 1sup

This s wali' el nou xCopt enp It

pa cted 4A,
F 8 1
8 Act ndl A

I ceF BAI
Te EA
oC aatia han a t o E
aJHous
C as lou E oup I

aA o at

ashamged
(iD h iar okE atorm u spaall and cornpac
cpaad lo tat oHe atone
(tv)due o thá eonpact sza EHa e a
daseli cihonue 9upuulsion betwente e
w a _alneady Hhssed t u on wic a
8 goddrd up
e a e d s tonCl,du to ids disuaed dapt t ca
8a eDAbi9usation
Lo A C i s riaia than
A CL FZB 1

Gletovagati
Elactaonsgatiw ty e a n atoAa iufas teudoucu &
a aoM Lo atlha ct t e sihaisd e pa thes
Lo ined ugi t avothea atom n a molLul

8Dectaonegatily
it u t ptopexty oß d tistts pR6paty a akom uwhan
atom imte uoBated 2tatu |fRatom is emeinad t
ne tui afM a moleuli
t s e enegy sela aiediut0den vy oh am akom AL
whew a e u addd attaE H p a i s wm
f Ael bamdid oanoth atatu w
a om
 FaLcters n uue t dapeinds

the elechoncgatity w
G) a tade us a hn etetar akaco
N
atxe

Period Moa a penro d om

eAR a oieVadius dacgdA to
ugt ,tha dtas
uiaiu,ud thu Te
elaui bnah
maAe& dlalocou m a
pheula peO d
a9o mAt eldionegdatiue ain alal0i mokals
elctoopogtive
Rop Doum He
ghoup p to botoMths clua
CaaQ as_noo asHh atomie 9adLus
nueb But ha ud dact o d m alL dDw o
ad o h eloctonAgatiud deaO OARIdeuon

Natus ooidsa
Na Mg |At & P C

Aole
0nidk
 Ce nienls
A,B, C,D,EAF laan atonuce numbea3
I S 122 l 13 Suspe ctinely Anusr
q tins -

Comap aau atnui c cids o ALe

i by t e elemant si ta mallef EA.

dihy nest eletOYLOg at(ve e mt

A a g e D,EL
LE the ondas of tt dscnain9 1P
denti by H elunont uol-su divalmt caion i

lenct 2
A
2,8 ,8
8
2,
2,8 8
12 2, 22

13 22, 3

AE

2 Atauic mumbeu oalenaets A,3,C, D,e LEa ive

Ant i y e l mernt i t stengesSt Matalle l a s a n

dtiG* ut
wiR_
D dentiky t t non- met als w u e h a n Ha same
nba o valen euddionu
ea Wucl a e Hu g a a

Sat td teimula ok s comp awd fs4nu

elenntnt
2. lands
2 P2

2,8 P3 F E
2D 2,8,3,2 P D C

,8,1
E
28,
F
282

D
(A
eLCB A LE
CL
( F4
FB
3 T elarmentg A B,CD E an atoreunaA
2-2, zt l3 2-L 2+2 CLas Hhe gtable
elorovuc cotgurat A we
Aua vweLeau g otdes o tA
) Cenmpasa t uoxidiing p6us o A_ad D

elecomagai
bw A A
) lwity he elunnt wt Gallest ot i t Gadi
A 2 13 i 1S 16 1718
2t ADC

D
2

C 8C£ACD
i DA
D
( B

CD
 412)23
Claenico l Bondivg
V
escabie
9onic /
Covale Cpo3dinaodatn
olo c t oval2

Chenuico bond a dono wrl wil eac atonm

eadhn- bo

Loniceludnovdls handi
lals nbn-mtals
e catits
eloctaOpGÜt)
aw'onlacos fat
wrnutals goin e

elctnOnagatiue)

Sonic bond is a sbrong elclopote su otttkov

w i cu w u be holdi a cation and gn n pxe

1 Na Cl

Na 2,8,1
2, 8t
Na

Na

2,9 2,
 CLectaovalenu

atonm'a atm of
No e la4t by, Ho metal t gai naol +
- -

ADnMLa_ bo em am wuc oond

El dirom dob asno

Na C

Na
Na Cl

Ma -
282
C 2

SLLchoaus
Qge mdauudz (Oa)
O2,6
ucbom dot diagam

Lone pouu 1 e_pains_pmoLe

m u valenu s
C a akam u c n 'a nok us0d_
gaing bonding

bune MoauuloCA,
CL 2 3,

:C

3
ganed pal
Covalen ty-|
 Nitaagzu malauule (N)

N N NEN N

3 &hasud pain
3

T s t u exampke o_a howmo-kosuc neLal covalt

Moteade uwtuc hasgot touiplo bond between ts turo
otoma
 N
N=Nay

HtexDatomic rvotawla

H:1
C2,8,

H
CO
X-

H-u HC

R-CL
H- > HU
Cevalunca
H,

H 0 H

V eaps4

(
NH
N ,S

PRLMEdal lape
104°

Cear
 NHa
((H) H

CH Mathant
C2,1
H

H C

H CH
H

CO aleu
e e d bond ase 109 2%

O()
(

H C-H CH
 1213

LtDudbaat_Cvaisai ndingDatie Bonisg Coihodis

t u atpt o bond, axgbott ths ehaksd poa i
aven ex uaivdy by ona atorns

NH
u Ammoium o

NH H,0 > NH + OH
+
NH +H NRu
H
+H
N
H H
H

N:dom atom

Hdoanium ion

H,o+ HC Hot

+H

exDMpla o connpaund wi contains al Hsae

iue o a
dighart tpes o bond
Hy NHNO3 (NH4),SOy

CA 3ol'd covalout mota ule

motaul
C)A potan gaseou
i ) Awn-pola auid
coalmt Motaule
cV) A s6
( Agaseaus manpotan metule w«h a tuplu bond
berwn wv atons
V)A gaseaws pota mola l e s i l hun n a
paits m
a ton

() uga
G)NH, HOl)
Cm) CaCq, bouza
() PCsucax
N
( HS

A mtal A oxms a calion bu leocig tuo litons

w eas a non MLtal B ouMs n awon
by gauwng d
ela con
i o n s aud dsauo Hu 8tuchuue o He connpou nA
donm ozplaining the pe o bomding
A-2e > A

A2
k a bondina bu a mkal and a onmete
R bond buw tem wiU be ionuc els ciovaliui

ghl m eumk Y as a03 ells w Gse

( Pudick he positen s mt peuodie tog

etnad bu xLy

( Daauo H dAnom dot daasam of the oxida oty ad