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    3.1 Adaptive Immunity

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    tinininiw69
    The document summarizes the adaptive immune system. It describes the primary lymphoid organs of bone marrow and thymus, where B cells and T cells mature respectively. It also describes secondary lymphoid organs like spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, and gut-associated lymphoid tissue that trap pathogens and allow interaction between immune cells. These organs play key roles in the production of antibodies and memory cells that provide long-term adaptive immunity against pathogens.

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    3.1 Adaptive Immunity

    Uploaded by

    tinininiw69
    22 views2 pages
    The document summarizes the adaptive immune system. It describes the primary lymphoid organs of bone marrow and thymus, where B cells and T cells mature respectively. It also describes secondary lymphoid organs like spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, and gut-associated lymphoid tissue that trap pathogens and allow interaction between immune cells. These organs play key roles in the production of antibodies and memory cells that provide long-term adaptive immunity against pathogens.

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    The document summarizes the adaptive immune system. It describes the primary lymphoid organs of bone marrow and thymus, where B cells and T cells mature respectively. It also describes secondary lymphoid organs like spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, and gut-associated lymphoid tissue that trap pathogens and allow interaction between immune cells. These organs play key roles in the production of antibodies and memory cells that provide long-term adaptive immunity against pathogens.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    22 views2 pages

    3.1 Adaptive Immunity

    Uploaded by

    tinininiw69
    The document summarizes the adaptive immune system. It describes the primary lymphoid organs of bone marrow and thymus, where B cells and T cells mature respectively. It also describes secondary lymphoid organs like spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, and gut-associated lymphoid tissue that trap pathogens and allow interaction between immune cells. These organs play key roles in the production of antibodies and memory cells that provide long-term adaptive immunity against pathogens.

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    1

    ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY Bursa of Fabricius – counterpart of bone


    marrow
    Gamayot, MG | 3MT02
    ACTIVE ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY Thymus
    Natural exposure in response to an infection or For T cells
    natural series of infections Small, flat, bilobed organ found in the thorax or
    You are given an antigen chest cavity, right below the thyroid gland and
    You are the one who produces the antibody overlying the heart
    Long term immunity as long as the cell is alive As we age, the thymus decreases its size and
    and can produce antibody activity
    Slow response T cells further develop in the bone marrow
    Virgin/Naive lymphocytes – lymphocytes that is
    PASSIVE ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY not yet exposed to an antigen
    Infusion of serum of plasma containing high
    concentration of antibody or lymphocytes from SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGAN
    an actively immunized individual Spleen
    You are given an antibody Lymph nodes
    Short term immunity since antibody can get Tonsils
    consumed Appendix
    Immediate effect Peyer s patch
    Adenoid
    Rabies vaccine, snake anti-venom Mucosal-Associated lymphoid Tissue
    Gut-associated lymphoid tissue
    NATURALLY ACQUIRED Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue
    Active – includes the type of immunity that Skin-associated lymphoid tissue
    develops during convalescence from an infection
    o Chicken pox infection will give you Functions of secondary lymphoid organs
    immunity from possible chicken pox Trapping site of pathogens
    infection in the future Stand-by areas of T cells, B cells and phagocytes
    Passive – develops after the placental passage Place of encounter for pathogens and the cells
    of Ab from mother to fetus (colostrum from
    Production of antibodies where it is produced by
    breast milk, IgG)
    plasma cells (B cells → Plasma cells) and
    ARTIFICIALLY ACQUIRED cytokines (produced by T cells) and phagocytosis
    (phagocytes)
    Active – immunity obtained from vaccination w/
    antigens Antigenic depended lymphopoiesis
    Passive – immunity obtained after injection of
    Spleen
    gamma globulin for the induction of an immune
    Largest secondary lymphoid organ
    state (snake anti-venom)
    o Snake antivenom Characterized as a large discriminating filter as
    o Convalescent plasma (COVID-19) it removes old and damaged cells and foreign
    antigen from the blood
    LYMPHOID ORGANS Detect antigen found in the blood
    PRIMARY LYMPHOID ORGANS Graveyard of blood cells
    Bone marrow Red pulp – destroys RBC
    Thymus White pulp – destroys WBC
    Central lymphoid organ o Periarteriolar lymphoid sheath
    Site of differentiation and maturation Main site of Ab production
    Important in immunity
    Bone marrow – site of maturation of B cells Lymph Nodes
    Thymus – site of maturation of T cells Detects antigen in the tissue fluid
    Central collecting points for lymph fluid from
    Bone marrow adjacent tissues
    Pluripotent stem hematopoietic stem cell Function: filtration of interstitial fluid from around
    Largest tissue of the body cells in the tissues
    All blood cells originated from the bone marrow
    2
    Provide an ideal environment for the generation It collects most of the body s lymph fluid and
    of B-cell memory empties it into the left subclavian vein
    B cell – mature in bone marrow; in charge w/
    humoral immunity
    T cells – mature in thymus; in charge w/ cell-
    mediated immunity

    Parts: Outer cortex, paracortex, medulla


    Paracortex – contains T cells that are mainly
    localized
    Medulla – less densely populated than the
    cortex but also contains some T cells
    Cortex – contains macrophages, aggregates of B
    cells in the primary follicles
    Lymph fluid – flows slowly through spaces
    (sinuses)
    Sinuses – lined by macrophages, important in
    phagocytosis
    Afferent lymphatic vessels – where
    lymphocytes and any foreign antigens present
    enter nodes
    Secondary follicles – contains of antigen and
    consists of antigen-stimulated proliferating B cells
    Germinal cells – interior of secondary follicles,
    where transformation of the B cells takes place
    Efferent lymph vessels – where fluid and
    lymphocytes exit

    T-cells are found on:


    Perifollicular and paracortical regions of
    lymph nodes
    Medullary cords of the lymph nodes
    Periarteriolar regions of spleen
    Thoracic duct of the circulatory system
    B cells are found on:
    Follicular and medullary (germinal centers) of
    lymph nodes
    Primary follicles and red pulp of spleen
    Follicular region of GALT
    Follicular regions of lymph nodes
    Summary
    The thoracic duct is the largest lymphatic
    vessel in the body

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