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    Math q2

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    d.lailasameh
    1. Arithmetic and geometric sequences differ in how subsequent terms are determined. In an arithmetic sequence, each term is calculated by adding a constant to the previous term, while in a geometric sequence each term is obtained by multiplying the previous term by a constant. 2. The difference between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence is called the common difference, while the factor relating consecutive terms of a geometric sequence is called the common ratio. 3. Arithmetic sequences increase or decrease linearly, while geometric sequences increase or decrease exponentially. Infinite arithmetic sequences diverge, but infinite geometric sequences may converge or diverge.

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    Math q2

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    d.lailasameh
    8 views10 pages
    1. Arithmetic and geometric sequences differ in how subsequent terms are determined. In an arithmetic sequence, each term is calculated by adding a constant to the previous term, while in a geometric sequence each term is obtained by multiplying the previous term by a constant. 2. The difference between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence is called the common difference, while the factor relating consecutive terms of a geometric sequence is called the common ratio. 3. Arithmetic sequences increase or decrease linearly, while geometric sequences increase or decrease exponentially. Infinite arithmetic sequences diverge, but infinite geometric sequences may converge or diverge.

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    math q2

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    1. Arithmetic and geometric sequences differ in how subsequent terms are determined. In an arithmetic sequence, each term is calculated by adding a constant to the previous term, while in a geometric sequence each term is obtained by multiplying the previous term by a constant. 2. The difference between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence is called the common difference, while the factor relating consecutive terms of a geometric sequence is called the common ratio. 3. Arithmetic sequences increase or decrease linearly, while geometric sequences increase or decrease exponentially. Infinite arithmetic sequences diverge, but infinite geometric sequences may converge or diverge.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    8 views10 pages

    Math q2

    Uploaded by

    d.lailasameh
    1. Arithmetic and geometric sequences differ in how subsequent terms are determined. In an arithmetic sequence, each term is calculated by adding a constant to the previous term, while in a geometric sequence each term is obtained by multiplying the previous term by a constant. 2. The difference between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence is called the common difference, while the factor relating consecutive terms of a geometric sequence is called the common ratio. 3. Arithmetic sequences increase or decrease linearly, while geometric sequences increase or decrease exponentially. Infinite arithmetic sequences diverge, but infinite geometric sequences may converge or diverge.

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    of 10

    DIFF. BET.

    ARITHMETIC AND
    GEOMETRIC SEQUENCES
    Prepared by: Laila Sameh
    Abdelrahman mohamed
    DIFF. BET. ARITHMETIC AND GEOMETRIC SEQUENCES

    ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE

    Arithmetic Sequence is described as a list Geometric Sequence is a set of numbers


    of numbers, in which each new term wherein each element after the first is
    Meaning
    differs from a preceding term by a obtained by multiplying the preceding
    constant quantity. number by a constant factor.

    Common Difference between successive


    Identification Common Ratio between successive terms.
    terms.

    Advanced by Addition or Subtraction Multiplication or Division

    Variation of terms Linear Exponential

    Infinite sequences Divergent Divergent or Convergent


    ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE

    In an Arithmetic Sequence the difference between one term and the next term is a constant.

    We just add some value each time on to infinity.

    For example:
    1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, …
    This sequence has a difference of 3 between each number.
    It’s rule is an = 3n – 2.
    ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE

    In general, we can write an arithmetic sequence like this:


    a, a + d, a + 2d, a + 3d, …

    a is the first term.

    d is the difference between the terms (called the “common difference”)

    The rule is:


    xn = a + d(n-1)
    (We use “n-1” because d is not used on the 1st term.)
    GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE

    In a Geometric Sequence each term is found by multiplying the pervious term by a constant.

    For example:
    2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, …

    The sequence has a factor of 2 between each number.


    It’s rule is xn = 2n
    GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE

    In general we can write a geometric sequence like this:


    a, ar, ar2, ar3, …

    a is the first term

    r is the factor between the terms (called the “common ratio”).


    The rule is xn = ar(n-1)

    We use “n-1” because ar0 is the 1st term.


    KEY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ARITHMETIC AND GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE

    1. As a list of numbers, in which each new term differs from a preceding term by a constant quantity, is
    Arithmetic Sequence. A set of numbers wherein each element after the first is obtained by multiplying the
    preceding number by a constant factor, is known as Geometric Sequence.

    2. A sequence can be arithmetic, when there is a common difference between successive terms, indicated
    as ‘d’. On the contrary, when there is a common ratio between successive terms, represented by ‘r’, the
    sequence is said to be geometric.
    3. In an arithmetic sequence, the new term is obtained by adding or subtracting a fixed value to/from
    the preceding term. As opposed to, geometric sequence, wherein the new term is found by multiplying or
    dividing a fixed value from the previous term.

    4. In an arithmetic sequence, the variation in the members of the sequence is linear. As against this, the
    variation in the elements of the sequence is exponential.

    5. The infinite arithmetic sequences, diverge while the infinite geometric sequences converge or diverge,
    as the case may be.
    ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE EXAMPLE
    Consider the sequence 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, .... is an arithmetic sequence because every term is obtained
    by adding a constant number (3) to its previous term.
    Here, The first term, a = 3
    The common difference, d = 6 - 3 = 9 - 6 = 12 - 9 = 15 - 12 = ... = 3
    Thus, an arithmetic sequence can be written as a, a + d, a + 2d, a + 3d, ....
    a, a + d, a + 2d, a + 3d, a + 4d, ... = 3, 3 + 3, 3 + 2(3), 3 + 3(3), 3 + 4(3),... = 3, 6, 9, 12,15,....
    A few more examples of an arithmetic sequence are:
    • 5, 8, 11, 14, ...
    • 80, 75, 70, 65, 60, ...
    • π/2, π, 3π/2, 2π, ....
    • -√2, -2√2, -3√2, -4√2, ...
    GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE EXAMPLE
    Example 1: Find the 10th term of the geometric sequence 1, 3, 9, 27, .....
    Solution:
    In the given geometric sequence,
    The first term is, a = 1.
    The common ratio is, r = 3/1 = 9/3 = 27/9 = ... = 3.
    Using the geometric sequence formula, the nth term of a geometric sequence is,
    an = a · rn - 1
    To find the 10th term, we substitute n = 10 in the above formula. Then we get:
    a10 = 1 (3)10 - 1 = 39 = 19683

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