Science 9

Science – Grade 9
Quarter 2 – Module 12: Factors Affecting Climate: Ocean Current
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Liberty E. Tanod-tanod
Editor: Rosalina B. Piamonte
Reviewers: Mylyn P. Gabriel
Illustrator: Name
Layout Artist: Jean Rean M. Laurente
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera, CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta, EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 9
Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module12
Factors Affecting Climate: Ocean Current
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to Science 9 Self-Learning Module 12 on Factors Affecting Climate:

Ocean Current!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to Science 9 Self-Learning Module 12 on Factors Affecting Climate:

Ocean Current!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This module aimed to explain more about ocean currents as factor affecting
the climate of an area.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. describe ocean current;
2. explain how ocean circulation directly affect the pattern of climate around the
world; and
3. give the important role of ocean currents on people’s life, locally and globally.

PRETEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Ocean currents flow in different direction, how does ocean current flow in
northern hemisphere?
A. Downward C. Counter clockwise
B. Clockwise D. Upward

2. How does ocean current flow in southern hemisphere?

A. Downward C. Counter clockwise
B. Clockwise D. Upward

3. What kind of water do equatorial currents carry?

A. Clear C. Fresh
B. Cold D. Warm

4. How do ocean currents affect climate?

A. Ocean currents that bring along cold water inland make the climate cold,
while ocean currents that take along warm water to coastal areas make
the climate warm.
B. Ocean currents that bring along warm water inland make the climate cold,
while ocean currents that take along cold water to coastal areas make the
climate warm.
C. As the temperature of water increases, temperature of air also increases
D. Ocean currents bring cold and warm water around the world

5. Why is it important to know the incoming currents in a certain place?

A. to plan for a vacation C. to predict the climate
B. to prepare what to wear D. to know if there’s class suspension
 RECAP
In your previous module, you learned more about altitude and land
topography as the factors influencing climate.
Do you still remember how land topography affect climate? Let’s have some
practice exercises.
Label the illustration of land topography below.

2.
3.
4.
5.
1.

Were you able to answer the exercise correctly? Very good! Now you are ready
for the next lesson.

In this module you will learn more about ocean current and how it affects the
climate.

LESSON

Factors Affecting Climate: Ocean Currents

Since you have learned more about altitude and land topography as factors
affecting climate, ocean currents also have an important role in changing the climate
of a certain place.

Ocean currents move like rivers. They flow through the ocean in different
directions. Currents are caused by the wind, earthquakes and gravity. Some currents
are warm and some currents are cold.

Figure 1 shows different loops or gyres of surface currents around the world.
In the northern hemisphere, the current flows in a clockwise direction. On the other
hand, in the southern hemisphere, the current flow in counter clockwise direction.
These clockwise and counter clockwise of ocean currents are cause by Coriolis Effect.
 Figure 1. Ocean Currents
Ocean currents that flow away from the equator carry warm water. The air
above the warm water has higher temperature. When ocean currents that take along
warm water towards a coastal region, the temperature of that place increases,
resulting to warm climate. For example the warm Kuroshio Current that comes from
the northeastern part of the Philippines brings warm water. This raises the
temperature of places in the southeastern part of Japan.

While, ocean currents that flow away from the poles carry cold water. The air
above the cold water has lower temperature. When ocean currents that bring cold
water towards a coastal region, the temperature of that area decreases, resulting to
cold climate. For example the southern parts of Singapore and Indonesia have lower
temperatures because of the cold air brought by West Australian Current.

Therefore, ocean currents that bring along cold water inland make the climate
cold. On the other hand, ocean currents that take along warm water inland make
the climate warm.

Currents also help shape beaches and coastlines. But currents also may help
caused strong weather conditions, such as hurricanes and typhoons.

ACTIVITIES

Let us do some activities for you to understand more about Ocean Current.
Please do Activity 1, Title: “Ocean Current Cryptogram”, for Activity 2, Title:
“What brings Ocean Current?” and Activity 3, Title: “The Role of Ocean Current”

You can find these activities uploaded by your Science Teacher on your
messenger class group.
Activity 1, Title: “Ocean Current Cryptogram”

Direction:

The puzzle below is called a Cryptogram. At the top there is a KEY that lists
all the letters from A thru Z in a box below. Some of the letters already have numbers.
Some is for you to fill in.

The bottom part contains the description of ocean current. Each blank has a
number underneath it. Fill in with the correct letter to solve the phrase.

OCEAN CURRENT CRYPTOGRAM

Activity 2, Title: “What brings Ocean Current?”

Procedure: Study the map of ocean currents below and answer the guide questions
that follow.
Guide Questions:

1. What are the different ocean currents that carry warm water? Give at least
three examples.
___________________________________________________________________________
2. What are the different ocean currents that carry cold water? Give at least
three examples.
___________________________________________________________________________
3. What kind of water does Greenland Current take along? Explain.
___________________________________________________________________________
4. How does Kuroshio Current affect the northeastern part and southeastern
part of Japan?
___________________________________________________________________________
5. How do ocean currents affect climate?
___________________________________________________________________________

Activity 3, Title: “The Role of Ocean Current”

Direction:

Identify if the following statement is an important role of ocean currents or

not. Write “IR” if it’s an important role of ocean current and “NIR” if it’s not
important role of ocean current. Write the answer before each number.

_________1. Scientists study nutrient, sediment, and the concentration of chemicals

which travel in the water column, to understand how currents transport these
materials locally and globally.
_________2. Ocean Currents are caused by the wind, earthquakes and gravity.

_________3. Clean-up operations for hazardous materials such as oil and fuel spill.

_________4. Different loops or gyres of surface currents around the world.

_________5. Search-and-rescue personnel can use real-time and predicted current
patterns to determine where the water may carry a missing person or floating object.

_________6. Swimming at the beach near rip or strong currents can be very
dangerous.

_________7. Current measurements are important to merchandise shipping lack of

this knowledge can lead to collisions and delayed arrivals.
_________8. Clockwise and counter clockwise of ocean currents are cause by Coriolis
Effect.

_________9. Caused strong weather conditions, such as hurricanes and typhoons.

_________10. Recreational and commercial fishers pay close attention to the timing
and strength of currents to maximize their chances of catching fish.
 WRAP-UP

Let us summarize the lesson.

Directions: Select the word in the box to complete the sentence. Write it in the blank.

Cold Water West Australian Current Counterclockise

Kuroshio Current Clockwise

1. Ocean currents from poles carry ____________.

2. _____________ that comes from the northeastern part of the Philippines brings
warm water.
3. In the northern hemisphere, the current flows in a ____________ direction.
4. Singapore and Indonesia have lower temperatures because of the cold air
brought by ____________________.
5. In the southern hemisphere, the current flows in a _________________.

VALUING

Why do we enjoy the climate from December to February? Where does the
wind come from? Give at least three reasons why or why not do you like dry and cold
season.

POSTTEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following does not cause ocean current?
A. Earthquakes C. Tides
B. Gravity D. Wind

2. How do warm currents affect climate?

A. Warm currents bring cold climate inland
B. Warm currents bring warm climate inland
C. Warm currents bring cold and warm climate inland
D. Warm currents bring no temperature difference inland
3. Which of the following is the cause of ocean currents’ movement into clockwise
and counter clockwise?
A. Coriolis Effect C. Tsunami
B. Earthquake D. Wind

4. What happens to air temperature if the ocean current came from the poles?
A. The air above cold water from the poles have decreasing temperature
B. The air above cold water from the poles have increasing temperature
C. The air above cold water from the poles have the same temperature
D. The air above cold water from the poles have equal temperature

5. Which of the following is not an impact of currents?

A. Strong Winds C. Shape of coastlines
B. Super Typhoon D. Sea creatures
Pre-test Recap
1. B 1. Warm, moist air
2. C 2. Rain from expansion and cooling
3. D 3. Region of rain shadow
4. A 4. Dry air
5. C 5. Evaporation from compression and warming
Activity 1
OCEAN CURRENTS PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN CHANGING THE
CLIMATE OF A CERTAIN PLACE.CURRENTS ARE CAUSED BY THE WIND,
EARTHQUAKES AND GRAVITY. OCEAN CURRENTS THAT FLOW AWAY FROM
THE EQUATOR CARRY WARM WATER. OCEAN CURRENTS THAT FLOW AWAY
FROM THE POLES CARRY COLD WATER.CURRENTS ALSO CAUSED STRONG
WEATHER CONDITIONS, SUCH AS HURRICANES AND TYPHOONS.
Activity 2
1. Kuroshio, East Australia, Mozambique
2. West Australia, Oyashio, East Greenland
3. Greenland current brings cold water because it came from the north pole
4. Kuroshio current brings warm water, therefore northeastern part and
southeastern part of Japan experiences warm climate
5. Ocean currents that bring along cold water inland make the climate cold. On
the other hand, ocean currents that take along warm water inland make the
climate warm.
Activity 3 Wrap Up
1. IR 6. IR 1. Cold water
2. NIR 7. IR 2. Kuroshio current
3. IR 8. NIR 3. Clockwise
4. NIR 9. IR 4. West Australian current
5. IR 10. IR 5. Counterclockwise
Valuing
(The teacher may consider different acceptable answers.)
Post test
1. C 5. D
2. B
3. A
4. A
5.
KEY TO CORRECTION
 References
A. Books

Alvarez et. al. 2014. Science Learner’s Module. Pasig. FEP Printing Corporation

B. Online and Electronic Sources

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/topics/resource-library-ocean-
currents/?q=&page=1&per_page=25

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/media/ocean-currents-and-climate/