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L-4rr-1/BME Date: 29/10/2019

BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA

L-4rr-1 B.Sc. Engineering Examinations 2018-2019

Sub: BME 409 (Tissue Engincering)

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours
The figures in thc margin indicate full marks.
USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION

SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this Scction. Answer any THREE.

1. (a) What are clinical needs for tissue engineering? How tissue engineering approach can be useful for

new drug development? (10)

(b) Tissue engineering applications typically involve the combination of three pillars, which represent

the "triad of tissue engineering". With schematic briefly mention those. (12)
(c) Compare the advantages and disadvantages between the 2D monolayer culture and 3D culture

with biomaterial. (13)

2. (a) Write down the composition of ECM. With schematic compare the alignment of collagen between

normal and scar tissue. (12)

(b) What is the use of decellularization in tissue engineering? Mention the details steps involved in

the process of preparing transplantable recelllarizcd liver graft. (15)

(c) What are the properties ofbiomaterials? (8)

3. (a) Which natural polymer can be obtained from brown algae? What are the advantages and

disadvantages of using it in tissue engineering and drug delivery? (11)

(b) When you are working with a degradable implement, why you should know the degradation

kinetic of the implants/scaffolds. How the degradation of polymer can be controlled? (12)
(c) With schematic, write short note on photolithography. Give example of how it is being used in the

field of tissue engineering. (12)

4. (a) What is the motivation of organ-on-a-chip technology? (8)

(b) With schematic show how microfluide devices can be used for the study of liquid plug rupture

effect in lung. Also mention the limitations and directions of currcnt lung-on-a-chip devices. (22)
(c) Mention the advantages of soft lithography. (5)
iSECTION-B
There arc FOUR questions in this Section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) What are the properties of stem cells? "Stem cells divide to self renew and to produce terminally

differentiated cell types" - with schematic draw the steps involved in these processes. (12)
(b) Can a stem cell become all the types of cells it wants to be? Explain. (12)
(c) How human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can be derived? (11)
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BME 409
6. (a) Shinya Yamanaka was awarded Nobel Prize in 2012 for the discovery that mature cells can be

reprogrammed to become pluripotent. What was the application of his invention? (7)
(b) There are many mcthods for making induced pluripotcnt stem cells (iPSCs). Briefly describe the

effects of donor cell types and culture conditions on reprogramming. (14)

(c) What controls the fate of stem cells in its differentiation pathways? How mesenchymal stem cells

(MSCs) can be directed towards smooth muscle cells? (14)

7. (a) What are the tests you should conduct to confirm whether any biomedical product IS

biocompatible? (10)
(b) Write down the steps involved in the pre-clinical and clinical development phase of a biomedical

product. (15)
(c) What are the challenges In regard to translating tissue engineering technologies to the clinic? (10)

8. (a) How can you incorporate mechanical cues and electrical signals to cells? For what types of cells,

mechanical and electrical.stimulation can be useful? (10)

(b) Write short note on hollow fiber bioreactors. Also mention the advantages and disadvantages of

such bioreactors. (13)

(c) What are the limitations of current bioreactors? (6)

(d) What are the fundamental criteria for engineering functional tissues? (6)
L-4/T-1/BME Date: 07/09/2021
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-4/T-1 B.Sc. Engineering Examination 2019-20

Sub: BME 409 (Tissue Engineering)

Full Marks: 210 Time 2:30 Hours
The Figures in the margin indicate full marks.
USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION
There are 2 pages in this question paper.

SECTION – A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE
1. (a) What is meant by the triad of tissue engineering? With schematic discuss (18)
different scaffolding approaches that are being used for tissue engineering.
(b) With schematic explain different source specific classification of stem cells and (17)
their differentiation potential.

2. (a) Regardless of the source, what are the properties all the stem cells have? (7)
(b) Write down the functions of extracellular matrix (ECM). (11)
(c) If you need to decellularize bone tissue, what are the possible ways you can do (17)
that? How these decellularization approaches affect the bone tissues.

3. (a) What is biocompatibility? Write down the advantages and disadvantages of (18)
natural and synthetic biomaterials.
(b) Draw a schematic of collagen structure. Why collagen is so important for tissue (17)
engineering applications? How does collagen alignment contribute in the
formation of scar tissue?

4. (a) Write a short note on poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid). (8)

(b) Assume you are designing a biomaterials based drug delivery matrix. You can (11)
choose a material having bulk erosion or surface erosion property. Which one
will you choose? Why?
(c) How can microcontact printing technology can be used for tissue engineering (16)
application?
 =2=

SECTION – B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE
5. (a) A perfusion bioreactor can be used to decellularize different tissues. Discuss (15)
different types of perfusion bioreactor systems and compare them.
(b) Write down the advantage, disadvantages, applications and clinical significance (15)
of 2D monolayer culture and 3D culture with biomaterials.
(c) Write a short note about different types of Von Willebrand diseases. (5)

6. (a) With schematic, describe how microfluidic devices can be utilized to reproduce (18)
liver function. Write down the current limitations of such system and mention
how this research can be directed further.
(b) What do you mean by dynamic reciprocity? How can the extracellular matrix (17)
proteins bind to integrin and glycosaminoglycans? Describe the importance of
the oligopeptide sequence for such binding mechanism.

7. (a) What are the important factors that dictate host response to engineered tissues (15)
and regenerative medicine constructs? How can these factors influence the
foreign body response?
(b) Suppose you have developed a skin graft by using collagen. The scaffold has (20)
showed promising result in vivo testing. Now you want to conduct a clinical
study of this prototype. What are the steps involved in this study?

8. (a) Suppose you want to manufacture an electrospun polymer matrix with cells (20)
seeded inside it. For this purpose, you decide to modify the polymer to control
the cell behavior. What are the possible polymer chemistry approaches that you
can consider to ensure efficient cell activities.
(b) Bioreactors are used to mimic physiological systems and their functions. What (15)
are the key concepts that are incorporated in designing a bioreactor? Describe
with suitable examples.

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L-4ff-1/BME Date: 01110/2022
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
Lo4fT- I B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2020-202 I
Sub: BME 409 (Tissue Engineering)
Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION
SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

I. (a) .What are the comparative advantages and disadvantages of 2D monolayer and 3D

biomaterials based cell culture? (10)

(b) What are the risks of using allograft and xenograft? For a severely i~jured bum

patient, which graft will you choose, autograft, allograft or xenograft? Why? (12)
(c) 3D printed pill has already been.approved by FDA in 2015. What could be the

advantages oDD printed pills? (7)

(d) What is biocompatibility? (6)

2. (a) Name the compositions of extracellular matrix (ECM). Which component of ECM is
responsible for the extensibility and elastic recoil .properties of skin? How does that

component vary between young and aged skin? (14)

(b) You are designing a 3D scaffolds where you want to increase cell adhesion. Mention
the possible ways you can consider to increase cell adhesion. Draw the schematic of cell

attachment process with ECM. (13)

(c) Why decellularization is important? Mention two clinical applications where

decellularized matrixes have been using extensively. (8)

3. (a) With three circles Venn diagram show the application of biomaterials (polymers,

metals and ceramics) in different devices. (10)

(b) Name the tests to confirm the biocompatibility of a material according to ISO 10993.

Describe the irritation reactivity and hemocompatibility studies in details? (14)

(c) What is soft lithography? How can this technology be useful for localized cell

growth? (11)

4. (a) Which characteristics define stem cells? Write down some clinical applications of

iPSC. (9)
(b) How are Yamanaka factors activated? (10)
(c) Assume you are working on a bone degeneration research project for astronauts. If
you need to choose a bioreactor for your research which one will you choose? Describe

the working principle of this bioreactor. (16)

Contd P/2
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=2=

BME 409

SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) Explain how tissue engineered constructs made of electrically active biopolymers can

help in drug delivery approaches. (10)

(b) What are the differences between a healthy cartilage and arthritic cartilage? How does

cartilage on a chip mimic the compressive stress that the cartilage bear? (15)
(c) How can tissue engineering solve the future food scarcity problem? Write down the

steps in brief. (10)

6. (a) Explain distinct types of qualitative cytotoxicity assay for low-or high-density

biomaterials. (10)
(b) Mention the ECM proteins that undergo cell-cell homophilic binding. Explain the

mechanism of this process. (10)

(c) Explain the mechanism of the protection of bacteria against the attack of virus. How

can we hijack this mechanism to use it in the genome editing? (15)

7. (a) Using time plot, briefly explain the phases that occur during normal wound healing. (10)
(b) Describe the steps of the decellularization and recellularization of a rat liver and how
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they can be used as a bioreactor. (15)
(c) Explain the factors that dictate the host response in tissue e'ngineering. (10)

8. (a) Suppose you have made a tissue engineered product in the lab. What are the

preclinical and clinical steps that are required before the marketing authorization? (12)
(b) Explain the in vitro culture parameters required for tissue engineering. (12)
(c) Write down the materials and methods required for the MTI assay of cytotoxicity test.
,
(11)