Tugas Praktikum Hidraulika
Tugas Praktikum Hidraulika
Tugas Praktikum Hidraulika
T₁ = 12.40 cm
Hw
L = 10.10 cm
B = 25.10 cm
Volume Air Waktu Pengamatan (Detik) Tinggi Air
Pengamatan
(Ltr) t₁ t₂ 𝑡 ̅ (cm)
1.87 0.88 0.83 0.86
I 10.00
1.94 0.87 1.01 0.94
1.47 1.00 1.01 1.01
II 9.60
1.55 1.00 1.11 1.06
T₃ = 17.10 cm 1.23 1.62 1.86 1.74
III 7.40
1.22 1.56 1.55 1.56
D = 15.00 cm D = 15.00 cm
Qa₁ = V₁ Qa₂ = V₁
(𝑡₁) ̅ (𝑡₂) ̅
T₁
Hw
L = 10.10 cm
B = 25.10 cm
= 3639.10 cm³/dtk
5. Perhitungan Cd
Q₁ =
2/3 〖 𝐵 𝐶𝑑〗 _1 √2𝑔 〖𝐻 Q₁ 2/3
= 𝐵 𝐶𝑑₂ √2𝑔
𝑤〗 ^(5/2) 〖𝐻𝑤〗 ^(3/2)
=2/3 10.1 0.60 √(2 981) =2/3 10.1 0.57 √(2 981)
〖 5.3 〗 ^(3/2) 〖 5.3 〗 ^(3/2)
Qa
0.61
0.57
0.56
(ℎ₂) ̅= 11 cm
0.55
2190.85
Qa
cm
0.45
0.45
1459.43
Qa
f(x) = 0.001
R² = 1
Cd
0.45
0.45
1459.43
Qa
V₁
(𝑡₂) ̅
Qa v
1943.86 cm³ 0.60
0.94 dtk 0.59
f(x) = 0.059
0.58 R² = 1
2067.94 cm³/dtk 0.57
0.56
Cd
0.55
0.54
0.53
0.52
0.51
0.50
705.84
= 12.40 cm Qa
T₃ = 17.10 cm
= 4.70 cm
Tinggi Level
Qa₂
2067.94 cm³/dtk
3639.10 cm³/dtk
0.57
2067.94 cm³/dtk
V t Qa y Hw Qt
Cd
(cm³) (dtk) (cm³/dtk) (cm) (cm) (cm³/dtk)
1873.17 0.86 2190.85 0.60
10.00 5.30 3639.10
1943.86 0.94 2067.94 0.57
1466.73 1.01 1459.43 0.45
9.60 4.90 3235.00
1546.25 1.06 1465.64 0.45
1228.17 1.74 705.84 0.53
7.40 2.70 1323.20
1219.33 1.56 784.14 0.59
Qa vs Cd (Tahap I)
0.61
0.58 Cd
Linear (Cd)
0.57
0.56
0.55
2190.85 2067.94
Qa (cm³/dtk)
Qa vs Cd (Tahap II)
0.45
0.45 Cd
Linear (Cd)
0.45
1459.43 1465.64
Qa (cm³/dtk)
f(x) = 0.00191913894603812 x + 0.44922019477166
R² = 1
Cd
0.45 Cd
Linear (Cd)
0.45
1459.43 1465.64
Qa (cm³/dtk)
Qa vs Cd (Tahap III)
0.60
0.59
f(x) = 0.0591692569636756 x + 0.474267199612493
0.58 R² = 1
0.57
0.56
Cd
0.55 Cd
0.54 Linear (Cd)
0.53
0.52
0.51
0.50
705.84 784.14
Qa (cm³/dtk)
Q
(cm³/dtk)
2190.85
2067.94
1459.43
1465.64
705.84
784.14
51
Cd
Linear (Cd)
Cd
Linear (Cd)
6
Cd
Linear (Cd)
Cd
Linear (Cd)
Diketahui
Sudut Pintu = 80.6 ˚
Diameter Wadah = 15.00 cm
g = 981.0 cm/s²
T₁ = 12 cm
Hw
D = 15.00 cm D = 15.00 cm
Qa₁ = V₁ Qa₁ = V₁
(𝑡₁) ̅ (𝑡₁) ̅
= 2094.07 cm³ = 1917.35
1.03 dtk 1.00
= 2033.08 cm³/dtk = 1926.99
T₁
Hw
= 3059.08 cm³/dtk
5. Perhitungan Cd
Qa
0.67
0.63
0.62
(ℎ₂) ̅= 10.85 cm
0.61
2033.08
Qa
cm
R² = 1
0.68
0.66
1692.63
Qa
0.70
f(x) = 0.015
Cd
R² = 1
0.68
0.66
1692.63
Qa
V₁
(𝑡₁) ̅
Qa v
1917.35 cm³ 0.94
1.00 dtk 0.92
f(x) = 0.076
1926.99 cm³/dtk 0.90 R² = 1
0.88
Cd
0.86
0.84
0.82
0.80
971.47
Qa
= 12.00 cm
T₃ = 17.10 cm
= 5.10 cm
Tinggi Level
Qa₁
1926.99 cm³/dtk
3059.08 cm³/dtk
0.63
1926.99 cm³/dtk
V t Qa y Hw Qt
Cd
(cm³) (dtk) (cm³/dtk) (cm) (cm) (cm³/dtk)
2094.07 1.03 2033.08 0.66
12.50 7.40 3059.08
1917.35 1.00 1926.99 0.63
1404.88 0.83 1692.63 0.68
11.90 6.80 2476.19
1661.12 0.96 1730.33 0.70
927.75 0.96 971.47 0.85
10.10 5.00 1147.99
2049.89 1.94 1059.37 0.92
Qa vs Cd (Tahap I)
0.67
0.64 Cd
Linear (Cd)
0.63
0.62
0.61
2033.08 1926.99
Qa (cm³/dtk)
Qa vs Cd (Tahap II)
0.72
0.70
f(x) = 0.0152260913242148 x + 0.668335843889946
Cd
R² = 1 Cd
Linear (Cd)
0.68
0.66
1692.63 1730.33
Qa (cm³/dtk)
0.70
f(x) = 0.0152260913242148 x + 0.668335843889946
Cd
R² = 1 Cd
Linear (Cd)
0.68
0.66
1692.63 1730.33
Qa (cm³/dtk)
Qa vs Cd (Tahap III)
0.94
0.92
f(x) = 0.0765747174287069 x + 0.769662335254325
0.90 R² = 1
0.88
Cd
Cd
0.86 Linear (Cd)
0.84
0.82
0.80
971.47 1059.37
Qa (cm³/dtk)
Q
(cm³/dtk)
2033.08
1926.99
1692.63
1730.33
971.47
1059.37
523
Cd
Linear (Cd)
6
Cd
Linear (Cd)
6
Cd
Linear (Cd)
Cd
Linear (Cd)
Diketahui
Sudut Pintu = 110 ˚
Sin ϴ = sin 90
12.8
13.58
Sin ϴ = 0.942
ϴ = 70 ˚ *pake kalkulator
Diameter Wadah = 15.00 cm
g = 981.0 cm/s²
3 cm
13.58 cm
T₁ = 12.8 cm
Hw
4.55 cm
Tinggi Air T₂ = 5.20 cm
L = 10.10 cm
B = 25.20 cm
Volume Air Waktu Pengamatan (Detik) Tinggi Air
Pengamatan
(Ltr) t₁ t₂ 𝑡 ̅ (cm)
1.63 1.05 0.84 0.95
I 9.10
1.53 0.75 0.87 0.81
1.95 1.20 0.96 1.08
II 8.90
2.11 1.06 1.10 1.08
1.66 1.21 1.43 1.32
III 7.70
1.63 0.87 1.94 1.41
(ℎ₁) ̅= 9.25 cm
D = 15.00 cm D = 15.00
Qa₁ = V₁ Qa₂
(𝑡₁) ̅
= 1634.61 cm³
0.95 dtk
= 1729.75 cm³/dtk
T₁
Hw
4.55 cm
Tinggi Air (y) T₂
Tinggi Level
L = 10.10 cm
B = 25.20 cm
5. Perhitungan Cd
Qa
1.90
1.70
1.65
(ℎ₂) ̅= 8.65 cm
1.60
1729.75
Qa
15.00 cm
= 1.53 Ltr
Cd
2.10
2.05
2.00
1.95
1808.05
Qa
2.20
f(x) = 0.165
2.15 R² = 1
Cd
2.10
2.05
2.00
1.95
1808.05
Qa
= V₁
(𝑡₂) ̅
Qa v
= 1528.58 cm³ 3.80
0.81 dtk 3.75 f(x) = − 0.30
3.70 R² = 1
= 1887.14 cm³/dtk 3.65
3.60
Cd
3.55
3.50
3.45
3.40
3.35
3.30
1258.42
Qa
= 12.80 cm
T₃ = 18.00 cm
= 5.20 cm
Tinggi Level
= Qa₂
Qt
= 1887.14 cm³/dtk
1013.40 cm³/dtk
= 1.86
Qa vs Cd (Tahap I)
1.90
1.75 Cd
Linear (Cd)
1.70
1.65
1.60
1729.75 1887.14
Qa (cm³/dtk)
Qa vs Cd (Tahap II)
2.25
2.20
f(x) = 0.16575452595935 x + 1.86934270943045
2.15 R² = 1
Cd
2.10 Cd
Linear (Cd)
2.05
2.00
1.95
1808.05 1955.31
Qa (cm³/dtk)
2.20
f(x) = 0.16575452595935 x + 1.86934270943045
2.15 R² = 1
Cd
2.10 Cd
Linear (Cd)
2.05
2.00
1.95
1808.05 1955.31
Qa (cm³/dtk)
Qa vs Cd (Tahap III)
3.80
3.75 f(x) = − 0.303797320702429 x + 4.07825754132047
3.70 R² = 1
3.65
3.60
Cd
3.55 Cd
3.50 Linear (Cd)
3.45
3.40
3.35
3.30
1258.42 1157.13
Qa (cm³/dtk)
Q
(cm³/dtk)
1729.75
1887.14
1808.05
1955.31
1258.42
1157.13
Cd
Linear (Cd)
Cd
Linear (Cd)
Cd
Linear (Cd)
Cd
Linear (Cd)
1. Pengukuran Penampang Sungai & Penentuan Segmen
SEGMEN I SEGMEN II SEGMEN III SEGMEN IV SEGMEN V SEGMEN VI SEGMEN VII SEGMEN VIII SEGMEN IX SEGMEN X
1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m
0.285 m 0.245 m 0.230 m 0.210 m 0.220 m 0.190 m 0.200 m 0.200 m 0.140 m 0.050 m
0.6D
0.6D
V₁ 0.20
V₂ 0.30
V₃ 0.20
* Vd₁ = V₁
= 0.20 m/dtk
* Vd₂ = V₂
= 0.30 m/dtk
* Vd₃ = V₃
= 0.20 m/dtk
EN IX SEGMEN X
SEGMEN d₁ d₂ b 0.6D
m 1m
V₁ 0.20
V₂ 0.30
m 0.050 m
1 0.285 0.245 1
V₃ 0.20
𝑉 ̅
0.23
V₁ 0.30
V₂ 0.40
2 0.245 0.23 1
V₃ 0.30
𝑉 ̅
0.33
an titik pengukuran V₁ 0.40
permukaan aliran. V₂ 0.50
3 0.23 0.21 1
V₃ 0.40
𝑉 ̅
0.43
0.230 m V₁ 0.50
V₂ 0.40
4 0.21 0.22 1
V₃ 0.50
𝑉 ̅
0.47
V₁ 0.60
V₂ 0.60
5 0.22 0.19 1
V₃ 0.60
𝑉 ̅
0.60
V₁ 0.60
V₂ 0.40
6 0.19 0.19 1
V₃ 0.50
𝑉 ̅
0.50
digital, sehingga V₁ 0.40
V₂ 0.50
7 0.19 0.2 1
V₃ 0.40
𝑉 ̅ 0.43
V₁ 0.30
8 0.2 0.2 1
V₂ 0.40
8 0.2 0.2 1
V₃ 0.50
𝑉 ̅
0.40
V₁ 0.40
V₂ 0.50
9 0.2 0.14 1
V₃ 0.50
𝑉 ̅
0.47
V₁ 0.10
V₂ 0.20
10 0.14 0.05 1
V₃ 0.10
𝑉 ̅
0.13
Kecepatan Rataan Luas Penampang
Kedalaman Ukur (m) Vd A
0.6D (m/s) (m²)
V₁ 0.20
V₂ 0.30
0.171 0.265
V₃ 0.20
𝑉 ̅ 0.23
V₁ 0.30
V₂ 0.40
0.147 0.2375
V₃ 0.30
𝑉 ̅ 0.33
V₁ 0.40
V₂ 0.50
0.138 0.22
V₃ 0.40
𝑉 ̅ 0.43
V₁ 0.50
V₂ 0.40
0.126 0.215
V₃ 0.50
𝑉 ̅ 0.47
V₁ 0.60
V₂ 0.60
0.132 0.205
V₃ 0.60
𝑉 ̅ 0.60
V₁ 0.60
V₂ 0.40
0.114 0.19
V₃ 0.50
𝑉 ̅ 0.50
V₁ 0.40
V₂ 0.50
0.114 0.195
V₃ 0.40
𝑉 ̅ 0.43
V₁ 0.30
0.12 0.2
V₂ 0.40
0.12 0.2
V₃ 0.50
𝑉 ̅ 0.40
V₁ 0.40
V₂ 0.50
0.12 0.17
V₃ 0.50
𝑉 ̅ 0.47
V₁ 0.10
V₂ 0.20
0.084 0.095
V₃ 0.10
𝑉 ̅ 0.13
Debit
Q Kecepatan Rataan (Vd) Debit (Q)
NO
(m³/detik) (m/s) (m³/detik)
0.70
0.053 V₁ 0.20 0.053
0.60
Kecepatan (m/s)
0.080 1 V₂ 0.30 0.080 0.50
0.053 V₃ 0.20 0.053 0.40
0.10
0.095 V₃ 0.30 0.071
0.00
0.071 V₁ 0.40 0.088 0.000
0.60
Kecepatan (m/s)
0.20
0.10
0.00 2
0.000 0.020 0.040 0.060 0.080 0.100 0.120 0.140
Debit (m³/s)
8
8
10
Ukuran Jumlah Pembacaan Waktu pada Setiap
Penampang (cm) Putaran Kedalaman (detik) Ket.
d₁ d₂ b (N) 0.2D 0.4D 0.6D 0.8D
V₁ 0.20
V₂ 0.30
0.285 0.245 1
V₃ 0.20
ῡ 0.23
V₁ 0.30
V₂ 0.40
0.245 0.23 1
V₃ 0.30
ῡ 0.33
V₁ 0.40
V₂ 0.50
0.23 0.21 1
V₃ 0.40
ῡ 0.43
V₁ 0.50
V₂ 0.40
0.21 0.22 1
V₃ 0.50
ῡ 0.47
V₁ 0.60
V₂ 0.60
0.22 0.19 1
V₃ 0.60
ῡ 0.60
V₁ 0.60
V₂ 0.40
0.19 0.19 1
V₃ 0.50
ῡ 0.50
V₁ 0.40
V₂ 0.50
0.19 0.2 1
V₃ 0.40
ῡ 0.43
V₁ 0.30
0.2 0.2 1
V₂ 0.40
0.2 0.2 1
V₃ 0.50
ῡ 0.40
V₁ 0.40
V₂ 0.50
0.2 0.14 1
V₃ 0.50
ῡ 0.47
V₁ 0.10
V₂ 0.20
0.14 0.05 1
V₃ 0.10
ῡ 0.13
Tahap I
t = 7.2 cm D1 = 28 mm = 0.028 m
D wadah = 15 cm D2 = 21 mm = 0.021 m
L. Alas = 176.71 cm² D3 = 14 mm = 0.014 m
Volume = 1.27 ltr D4 = 16.8 mm = 0.0168 m
Waktu = 4.6 dtk D5 = 19.6 mm = 0.0196 m
Debit = 0.00028 m³/dtk D6 = 22.4 mm = 0.0224 m
γ = 1000 kg/m³ D7 = 25.2 mm = 0.0252 m
g = 9.81 m/s² D8 = 28 mm = 0.028 m
Tahap II
t = 7.4 cm D1 = 28 mm = 0.028 m
D wadah = 15 cm D2 = 21 mm = 0.021 m
L. Alas = 176.71 cm131 D3 = 14 mm = 0.014 m
Volume = 1.31 ltr D4 = 16.8 mm = 0.0168 m
Waktu = 4.5 dtk D5 = 19.6 mm = 0.0196 m
Debit = 0.00029 m³/dtk D6 = 22.4 mm = 0.0224 m
γ = 1000 kg/m132 D7 = 25.2 mm = 0.0252 m
g = 9.81 m/s131 D8 = 28 mm = 0.028 m
Tahap III
t = 10.3 cm D1 = 28 mm = 0.028 m
D wadah = 15 cm D2 = 21 mm = 0.021 m
L. Alas = 176.71 cm131 D3 = 14 mm = 0.014 m
Volume = 1.82 ltr D4 = 16.8 mm = 0.0168 m
Waktu = 6.3 dtk D5 = 19.6 mm = 0.0196 m
Debit = 0.00029 m³/dtk D6 = 22.4 mm = 0.0224 m
γ = 1000 kg/m132 D7 = 25.2 mm = 0.0252 m
g = 9.81 m/s131 D8 = 28 mm = 0.028 m
50.00
40.00
P/γ)teoritis
Percobaan I
30.00 Percobaan 2
Percobaan 3
Hubungan ϴ dan (P/γ)teoritis
60.00
50.00
40.00
(P/γ)teoritis Percobaan I
30.00 Percobaan 2
Percobaan 3
20.00
10.00
0.00
28 21 14 16.8 19.6 22.4
No. Ukuran Diameter Pipa
Hubungan ϴ dan V
200.00
180.00
160.00
140.00
V (cm/s)
120.00 Percobaan I
100.00 Percobaan 2
80.00 Percobaan 3
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
28 21 14 16.8 19.6 22.4
No. Ukuran Diameter Pipa
Hubungan ϴ dan ∆H
16.00
14.00
12.00
10.00
∆H (cm)
Percobaan I
8.00 Percobaan 2
6.00 Percobaan 3
4.00
2.00
0.00
28 21 14 16.8 19.6 22.4
No. Ukuran Diameter Pipa
Tahap I
Tahap II
Tahap III
Tahap II
Tahap III
Hasil
𝑉^2/2𝑔+𝑃𝑛/𝛾
di setiap titik
pipa
sama/konstan
Ket. Hasil
Ket. Hasil
Hasil
𝑉^2/2𝑔+𝑃𝑛/𝛾
di setiap titik
pipa
sama/konstan
Ket. Hasil
Hasil
𝑉^2/2𝑔+𝑃𝑛/𝛾
di setiap titik
pipa
sama/konstan
Suhu Air = 35 ˚
Jari-Jari dalam (Ro) = 20 cm = 0.2 m
Jari-Jari Luar (Ri) = 10 cm = 0.1 m
Lengan Momen = 28 cm = 0.28 m
Lebar Quadrant = 7.5 cm = 0.075 m
g = 9.81 m/s²
ρ = 1000 kg/m³
Hub
120.00
100.00
80.00
hp (mm)
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
80.00
hp (mm)
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
Hub
60.00
50.00
40.00
hp (mm)
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
Aktual
Berat Beban (W) h hp(aktual) hp(teoritis) Pers. Perbedaan No. hp Ph
No.
(N) (m) (m) (m) % (mm) (N/m²)
1 4.32 0.055 0.1114 0.1129 1.32 1 111.44 1093.27
2 3.63 0.037 0.0958 0.0966 0.83 2 95.77 939.54
3 2.84 0.017 0.0786 0.0794 1.06 3 78.59 770.99
Aktual
Berat Beban (W) h hp(aktual) hp(teoritis) Pers. Perbedaan No. hp Ph
No.
(N) (m) (m) (m) % (mm) (N/m²)
1 1.57 0.017 0.0564 0.0504 11.95 1 56.42 553.45
2 0.98 0.035 0.0417 0.0385 8.46 2 41.73 409.33
3 0.49 0.054 0.0224 0.0401 44.03 3 22.43 220.07
hp aktual 60.00
hp (mm)
60.00 hp teoritis
40.00
40.00
20.00 20.00
0.00 0.00
1 2 3 0.00 200.00 400.00 600.0
Jumlah Percobaan Ph (N/m
80.00
hp (mm
hp aktual 60.00
hp (mm)
60.00 hp teoritis
40.00
40.00
20.00 20.00
0.00 0.00
1 2 3 0.00 200.00 400.00 600.0
Jumlah Percobaan Ph (N/m
hp (mm)
hp aktual
hp (mm)
Hubungan a
120.00
100.00
80.00
hp (mm)
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00
F (N)
Hubungan a
120.00
100.00
80.00
hp (mm)
60.00
Hubungan a
120.00
100.00
80.00
hp (mm)
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.0
F (N)
Aktual Teoritis Presentase
F hp Ph F Perbedaan Massa (M) Berat Beban (W) h
No.
(N) (mm) (N/m²) (N) (%) (gr) (N) (mm)
8.20 112.94 1107.91 8.31 1.32 1 440 4.32 55
7.05 96.58 947.44 7.11 0.83 2 370 3.63 37
5.78 79.44 779.28 5.84 1.06 3 290 2.84 17
80.00
60.00
60.00
40.00
40.00
20.00
20.00
0.00
0 200.00 400.00 600.00 800.00 1000.00 1200.00 0 50 100 150 200 25
0.00
0 50 100 150 200
Ph (N/m²) m (gr)
m(
120.00
100.00
y (mm)
diatas tepi quadrant
dibawah tepi quadrant 100.00
80.00
y (mm)
80.00
60.00
60.00
40.00
40.00
20.00
20.00
0.00
0 200.00 400.00 600.00 800.00 1000.00 1200.00 0 50 100 150 200 25
0.00
0 50 100 150 200
Ph (N/m²) m (gr)
m(
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
00. 00. 00. 00. 00. 00. 00. 00. 00.
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 z
Ph (N/m²)
h y
(mm) (mm) y = 100 - h
17 83.00 dibawah quadrant
35 65.00
54 46.00