ECT 231 Lab
ECT 231 Lab
ECT 231 Lab
Objectives:
1. Construct and Simulate a Class A Power Amplifier:
Implement a Class A power amplifier circuit using a Darlington Pair
configuration with 2N3904 transistors.
2. Analyze Input and Output Voltages:
Generate time domain plots for both input and output voltages to understand
the signal behavior.
3. Determine Voltage Gain:
Calculate and analyze the voltage gain by examining the relationship between
the input and output voltages.
4. Investigate Input and Output Currents:
Modify the circuit to measure and analyze input and output currents for a
comprehensive understanding.
5. Calculate Current Gain:
Determine the current gain by evaluating the ratio of output current to input
current from the generated current plots.
Procedure:
1. Circuit Construction (Figure 1):
Use OrCad Capture to construct the Class A power amplifier circuit as
depicted in Figure 1, employing 2N3904 transistors.
Figure 1
V ¿ =1V
V out =0.896 V
Conclusion:
The Class A Power Amplifier lab utilizing a Darlington Pair configuration with 2N3904
transistors proved to be a valuable exercise in understanding and analyzing amplifier
performance.
The following key observations and conclusions can be drawn from the experiment:
1. Voltage Gain Analysis:
The voltage gain (Av) was calculated to be approximately 0.896.
This value indicates the amplification factor of the circuit, showcasing the
relationship between the output and input voltages.
A voltage gain less than 1 suggests some signal attenuation, and further
optimization may be explored to enhance amplifier efficiency.
Simulation Result
Voltage Gain:
−610 mV
AV = =−24.4
25 mV
1. Multistage Design:
This amplifier employs multiple stages to achieve signal amplification, each
contributing to the overall performance.
Simulation Results
Voltage Gain:
−580 mV
AV = =−23.2
25 mV
Conclusion:
Both the BJT-based and op-amp-based power amplifiers employ a multistage design to
achieve signal amplification, showcasing adaptability in meeting desired performance
criteria. The designs effectively manage phase shift and gain control through components
like potential divider-based CE amplifiers for BJT and inverting op-amps for op-amp-based
configurations.
The incorporation of Darlington pairs in both designs highlights their significance in
providing high current gain and efficient power delivery to the load, particularly in
applications like driving speakers.
Real-world considerations, as reflected in simulation results, emphasize the impact of non-
idealities such as transistor characteristics on theoretical predictions.
Both designs prioritize load impedance matching, with the choice of an 8-ohm speaker
ensuring optimized power transfer and effective load driving. Aligning with Class A amplifier
goals, both designs emphasize linear operation and the delivery of maximum power to the
load, enhancing signal amplification efficiency.