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    8: A Classification of Linear Single-Strand Polymers (1988) : Rule 1.1

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    The document presents a hierarchical classification system for linear single-strand polymers. It divides polymers into two main classes: homochain and heterochain polymers, based on whether the main chain contains one or multiple elements. Each class is further divided into subclasses based on the specific elements in the main chain. Subclasses are then divided into groups based on similar chemical structures. The classification system is intended to facilitate information storage, retrieval and indexing of polymers.

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    8: A Classification of Linear Single-Strand Polymers (1988) : Rule 1.1

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    The document presents a hierarchical classification system for linear single-strand polymers. It divides polymers into two main classes: homochain and heterochain polymers, based on whether the main chain contains one or multiple elements. Each class is further divided into subclasses based on the specific elements in the main chain. Subclasses are then divided into groups based on similar chemical structures. The classification system is intended to facilitate information storage, retrieval and indexing of polymers.

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    The document presents a hierarchical classification system for linear single-strand polymers. It divides polymers into two main classes: homochain and heterochain polymers, based on whether the main chain contains one or multiple elements. Each class is further divided into subclasses based on the specific elements in the main chain. Subclasses are then divided into groups based on similar chemical structures. The classification system is intended to facilitate information storage, retrieval and indexing of polymers.

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    31 views11 pages

    8: A Classification of Linear Single-Strand Polymers (1988) : Rule 1.1

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    swaroop_exlnc
    The document presents a hierarchical classification system for linear single-strand polymers. It divides polymers into two main classes: homochain and heterochain polymers, based on whether the main chain contains one or multiple elements. Each class is further divided into subclasses based on the specific elements in the main chain. Subclasses are then divided into groups based on similar chemical structures. The classification system is intended to facilitate information storage, retrieval and indexing of polymers.

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    8: A Classification of Linear Single-Strand Polymers (1988)

    PREAMBLE The polymer literature lacks, at present, a widely applicable, internally consistent, and easily recognizable system for classifying polymers. This situation prevails in spite of the large number of polymers that are already known or will be synthesized in the future. The classification scheme to be presented here facilitates logical indexing, including through the use of computer techniques, information storage and retrieval. At the present time, the scheme is limited to linear single-strand organic and inorganic polymers. It is consistent with previous IUPAC recommendations [1-5].

    GENERAL PRINCIPLES The classification consists of a hierarchical scheme for naming polymers according to the chemical constitution of the repeating units in the main chain (backbone). It can be applied to homopolymers, alternating copolymers and other macromolecular substances in which the constitutional repeating units can be identified. All existing linear single-strand polymers are embraced by this classification, which has been designed so as to be capable of extension to include any new structures of this type. In view of the open-ended nature of the classification, the tables below can only be illustrative, not comprehensive. Four hierarchical levels are used; in order of decreasing importance, they are: classes, subclasses, groups and individual polymers. CLASSES Polymers are divided into two principal classes on the basis of the constitution of the main chain. Homochain polymers are those in which the main chains are constructed from atoms of a single element; heterochain polymers are those in which the main chains are constructed from atoms of two or more elements. Rule 1.1 Homochain polymers are named by placing the name or symbol of the element in the main chain immediately before the expression '-chain polymer'. Examples (see also 'Subclasses', p. 149, and Fig. 8.1) 1. Carbon-chain polymer or C-chain polymer. 2. Sulfur-chain polymer or S-chain polymer.
    Prepared by a working group consisting of N.A. Plat (USSR) and I.M. Papisov (USSR). Reprinted from Pure Appl. Chem. 61, 243-254 (1989).

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    CLASSIFICATION OF SINGLE-STRAND POLYMERS

    Rule 2.1 Heterochain polymers are named by placing the names or symbols of all the elements in the main chain, in parentheses, immediately before the expression '-chain polymer'. Examples (see also 'Subclasses', p. 149, and Fig. 8.2) 1. (Oxygen, carbon)-chain polymer or (O, C)-chain polymer. 2. (Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon)-chain polymer or (O, N, C)-chain polymer. Rule 2.2 The order of citation of the elements in heterochain polymers is that conventionally used in inorganic nomenclature [6]. For the common elements, the order of citation is as follows: O, S, N, P, C, Si, B. Note that in those cases where the main chain has bonds in common with cyclic structures, all atoms in the rings must be considered for classification purposes. Thus I is a homochain polymer, whereas II is a heterochain Dolymer.

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    NOMENCLATURE

    Rule 3.1 The presence of specific side groups, or specific elements in side groups, is indicated by placing the name of the side group, or of the element in the side group, immediately before the expression
    1

    -side-group polymer. Rule 3.2 Where more than one element, or more than one side group, is to be specified, the names of the elements or side groups are placed in parentheses. Examples 1. Oxygen-side-group polymer. 2. Hydroxy -side-group polymer [for poly(l-hydroxyethylene), etc]. 3. Ether-side-group polymer [for poly(l-methoxyethylene), etc]. 4. (O, N, P)-side-group polymer. 5. (Ether, amide)-side-group polymer. 148

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    CLASSIFICATION OF SINGLE -STRAND POLYMERS

    SUBCLASSES Each class of polymers can be divided into various subclasses, according to the nature of the elements in the main chain. Examples are given in Rules 1.1, 2.1, as well as in Figs 8.1 and 8.2.

    GROUPS Each subclass can be further divided into groups having similar chemical structures. Examples of carbon-chain polymers are polyalkylenes, polyarylenes, etc (Fig. 8.3). Examples of (oxygen, carbon)-chain polymers are polyethers, polycarbonates, etc (Fig. 8.4). Examples of other types can be found in Figs 8.5 and 8.6. It is convenient to retain such widely accepted terminology as polyacetals, polycarbonates, polyamides, polyesters, nucleic acids, etc, for naming the groups of polymers.

    INDIVIDUAL POLYMERS The lowest hierarchical ranking is given to the individual polymers, which are named in accordance with accepted IUPAC nomenclature practice. The reader is referred to References [2] and [3] for recommendations for naming organic and inorganic single-strand polymers, respectively.

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    NOMENCLATURE

    may be classified as follows: class: subclass: groups: heterochain (O, N, C)-chain polymer polycarboxylate and/or pyridine-chain polymer

    Additional examples are given in Table 8.1 and the Appendix.

    REFERENCES 1 IUPAC. Basic definitions of terms relating to polymers 1974. Pure Appl. Chem. 40, 477-491 (1974). Reprinted as Chapter 1, this volume. 2 IUPAC. Nomenclature of regular single-strand organic polymers (rules approved 1975). Pure Appl. Chem. 48, 373-385 (1976). Reprinted as Chapter 5, this volume. 3 IUPAC. Nomenclature for regular single-strand and quasi-single-strand inorganic and coordination polymers (recommendations 1984). Pure Appl. Chem. 57, 149-168 (1985). Reprinted as Chapter 6, this volume. 4 IUPAC. Stereochemical definitions and notations relating to polymers (recommendations 1980). Pure Appl. Chem. 53, 733-752 (1981). Reprinted as Chapter 2, this volume. 5 IUPAC. Report on nomenclature in the field of macromolecules, J. Polym. Sci. 8, 257-277 (1952). 6 Rule IP-2.1 in Ref. [3].

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