TRAINING DOCUMENT

CUSTOMER: POWER ELECTRONICS

PROJECT : CEPM-BAVARO PROJECT
3630 kVA 12,5/0,66 kV Dy11
 CONTENTS

1- PV SOLAR PLANT TRANSFORMERS DETAILED DESCRIPTION

2- ACCESSORIES AND EQUIPMENTS

3- TRANSFORMER OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS

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1-PV SOLAR PLANT TRANSFORMERS DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Material Description Serial Number Specifications

Power : 3630 KVA

Voltage Ratio : 12,5 /0,66 KV
Connection Symbol : Dy11
YT-19-6246 Short circuit impedance: Uk : 7 %
3800 kVA Transformer
YT-19-6247 Winding Material : Aluminium winding
Oil Type : SHELL DIALA S4 ZX-I
Inhibited Mineral
Transformer Oil

Cooling Method : ONAN

Off Load Tap Changer
Equipment
Earthed Screen Between LV & HV

Hermetic Protection Relay

Presure Relief Device
Accessories
Terminal Box

• There are 2 pieces transformers of this type at SOLAR PV PLANT project.

• All transformers design and product standard are in accordance with IEC 60076.

• All transformers are designed termall class A according IEC 60085.

• Transformers are suitable for use up to 1000 meters above sea level.

• Transformers are allowed to work a minimum of -5 degrees to +40 degrees maximum.

• Transformers winding materials are aluminium for LV and HV windings.

• Transformers are equipped with off load tap changer.

• Transformers cooling method is ONAN.

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1.1. LV and HV Coils
• LV windings are foil winding.

• HV windings are layer winding.

• Wire insulation is kraft paper.

• Winding insulation is kraft paper and DDP.

• Coil cooling ducts are press board.

1.2. Core
• Cores are composed from low loss, cold cut and directed silicon steel. Different quality and
thicknesses are used for the steels to meet the customer demands.

• Cores are cut in “STEP LAP” format to decrease no load losses and no load current.

• Legs and yokes are circular cross action.

1.3. Tank

• Tank and top covers are made from ST 37.2 steel metal.

• Base steel, side surfaces and frame are composed tightly.

• Corrugated walls are used as cooling surface.

• After the welding process, every tank is tested for oil leakage.

• Welded tanks and top covers are sandblasted convenient to DIN standards.

1.4. Painting

• Painting color code is RAL 5008.

• Painting standard is corrosion protected C3-H Class.(Total thiccness:180 µ)

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1.5. Drying and Oil Filling
• Active part of transformers (core, coil, cover) is dried in the furnaces under the vacuum.

• Drying process changes according to power, voltage and type of the transformer.

• Oil filling is done under the vacuum.

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2-ACCESSORIES AND EQUIPMENTS

2.1 Hermetic Protection Relay

The Detection, Measurement and Control Relay (DMCR ®) is a protection relay for oil-filled distribution
transformers. The DMCR 3.0 is designed and manufactured in France by IDEF SYSTEMES (®) in accordance
with Standard EN 50216-3. The DMCR 3.0 is a complete safety solution for hermetically-sealed oil-filled
transformers which combines 4 different safety functions into a single, compact and solid device.

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 2.2. Presure Relief Device

The transformer pressure relief device valve is designed for use in liquid immersed transformers in
order to release excess internal pressure that is caused by a system’s failure.

If pressure arises inside a transformer and exceeds a pre-set pressure limit, the pressure safety valve
PRD opens its valve clap, which is held by a spring and releases the internal pressure until it declines.

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3-) TRANSFORMER OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS
3.1. General
The required maintenances should be made so that the transformers operate long time and without
any problem. These maintenances are like periodic controls, tests and renew the components when it is
necessary. The logs of problems during the operation, maintenances, tests and test results should be
taken and these logs should be protected. Please take following practices into consideration while
maintenance and commissioning of hermetically sealed transformers.

Before every maintenance process, all external electrical connections should be disconnected and all
terminals of transformer should be earthed.

• Never loosen the nuts at the headside HV insulators to pull out the air while commissioning,
because this transformer has been hermetically closed after oil filling.

• There should not be any oil leakage. If there is any leakage, the transformer must be
de-energised. If the leakage cannot be repaired, please contact with the manufacturer of the
transformer.

• If the de-energised transformer is kept in cold weather conditions, pay attention to

that the oil level may decrease under the level of the cover.

• If the transformer tank is opened for any reason, apply the advices in the following section
“Hermetic pressure adjustment”.

Hermetic Pressure Adjustment

• Replacing HV and LV insulators or pressure relief device shall be the only reason to open tank cover
except in the event of transformer failure.

• At the beginning of operation do not pull out the blind flange end of oil filling valve.

• For changing the insulators, reduce the oil level until arriving the bottom level of
cover. Label instruction should be followed for removing oil amount between the
20—25 °C as a transformer environment. If oil temperature is less than 20°C, it is not
necessary to remove oil but if oil temperature is more than 20°C, about % 3-5 of oil
weight written at name plate should be removed.

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 Removed oil should be put in to the clean, dry, closed cup in order to use again. After removing
enough oil, the operation on tank cover should be completed quickly. Renewing all pulled out insulator
gaskets is advised.

• After the tank is closed, loosen the nuts at the headside HV insulators as first.
Secondly, pull out the blind flange of oil filling valve. Then start to fill transformer with the taking
out oil or with a new and dried oil having the same characteristics. Use a clean
pouring funnel and fill the transformer slowly. While filling is going on, in turn loosen
the LV bushings lightly and pull out the air. After pulling out air, tighten the insulator
carefully and clean insulator. There should be no oil residue on insulator.

• After operation for HV bushings, the same operation is repeated for LV bushings.
After tighten all insulators transformer filled integrally and be sure no air in filling valve
and close blind flange.

3.2. Transformer Oil

Transformer oil is an important material which functions as coolant and insulator. Conditions of other
insulator materials such as oil immersed paper and paperboard depend on oil as well.

a) Oil level should be checked regularly and in case of any oil leakage. In depth investigation should be
made in order to find causes of this leakage.

b) It is preferable that decreased oil level should be filled with same type transformer oil.

c) Oil sampling and oil tests should be made in regular time periods and the results should be saved.

d) Dielectric strength value should not be the only distinctive factor about the oil condition. If
transformer oil is not exposed to any moisture throughout its service time, its dielectric strengt can be
high even if its old.

e) Besides the measurement of dielectric strength, the chemical structure of oil should be analyzed as
well. Oil draining devices can dissolve the bad substances like dirt, dust and moisture in the oil but cannot
dissolve the acids occurred in the oil.

f) If the dielectric strength is lower than 30kV(rms), the oil should be drain off. After the draining,
dielectric strength value should be 40kV(rms) minimum.

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 g) If the acidity value 0,5-1,0 mg KOH per 1 gram oil, oil should be observed. If the acidity continues to
increase rapidly, or exceeds the 1,0 mg KOH value per 1 gram oil, or it is started to caking, the oil should
be changed.

3.4. Outdoor Type Bushings

3.4.1 Dirt on the external bushings should be cleaned regularly.

3.4.2 During the cleaning, the bushings should be revised, in case of oil leakage it should be resolved.
If there is cracked, broken or any other damaged bushing, it should be changed.

3.6. Corrugated Walls

3.6.1 The corrugated walls should be observed against the probability of oil leakage.

3.6.2 If there is any damage, it should be repaired.

3.13. Gaskets

3.13.1 The gaskets can lose their quality during operation. Tightness of bolts at connection with
gaskets should be checked, the bolts should be connected through the gaskets. Damaged gaskets should
be replaced.

3.14. Bolts and Nuts

Tightness of all bolts and nuts should be checked, damaged bolts and nuts should be changed.

3.15. Paintwork

During storage and service processes, painting of transformer should be checked once a year
especially welded parts, painting retouch should be made if it is necessary. Before the painting , the
surface must be cleaned well.

3.16. Valves

3.16.1 Valves should be checked against leakage and to control switching function. Blind plug of valves
should be plugged.

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 3.17. Disassembling of Transportation Profiles

1) Remove the packing coverings from the transformer.

2) Loosen the M12 bolts and nuts which are fixing the transportation profiles. (4 pcs) Pos.1

3) Remove the profiles from the short sides of the transformer.This must be done by two person ( one
will hold the profile , the other will sisassemble the bolts)

4) After cutting the bandages remove the profiles from the long sides of the transformer.

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