1.

Which of the following is the most specific biochemical marker of myocardial

infarcation?
a. CK is incorrect because it can be found in the skeletal and cardiac muscle. It can also be
found in brain tissue, so it isn’t specific to myocardial infarction.
b. LD is incorrect as they aren’t specific to myocardial infarction since they can also be
elevated with damage to many organs etc.
c. Troponin is correct because it is considered the most specific biochemical marker of
myocardial infarction. Mainly released during cardiac injury or stress (MediaLab, 2024)
d. Myoglobin is incorrect as it can be elevated when any muscle tissue is damaged, and isn’t
specific to the heart muscle.
2. Which of the following enzymes is associated with conditions affecting skeletal muscles?
a. Aldolase is correct as it is associated with conditions affecting skeletal muscles and it
aids in the glycolytic breakdown of glucose to lactate for energy (MediaLab, 2024).
b. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is incorrect and is useful in distinguishing hepatobiliary
diseases associated with biliary tree obstruction.
c. Gamma-glutamyltransferase is incorrect as it is elevated in liver diseases affecting the
biliary system, especially in patients who are considered heavy drinkers.
d. 5’-nucleotidase is incorrect as it reflects hepatobiliary disease with high specificity as
well.
3. A 45-year-old male of average height and weight had a serum creatinine of 1.5 mg/dL
and urine creatinine was 120 mg/dL; the total volume of urine collected over a 24-hour
period was 1,800 mL. Calculate the creatinine clearance for this patient in mL/min.
a. 100 is correct because the formula for creatinine clearance is (urine creatinine/serum
creatinine)x urine volume (mL)/ [time (hr) x60], so when plugged in it would be
80x1800/1440 and it would equal 100 mL/min (MediaLab, 2024)
b. 144 is incorrect as we don’t get this answer
c. 56 is incorrect as we don’t get this answer.
d. 225 is incorrect as we don’t get this answer
4. The recommended storage temperature for the preservation of activity for MOST
enzymes is:
a. 0°C is incorrect
b. 4°C is correct as it is recommended to preserve most enzyme activity in a patient sample
(MediaLab, 2024).
c. 25°C is incorrect as it isn’t used to preserve most enzymes.
d. 37°C is incorrect as it is used for room temperature items like reagents etc.

6. Troponin I is used frequently to assess acute myocardial infarctions (AMI). If a patient has
experienced an AMI at what point (approximately) will the troponin I begin to increase and how
long will it stay increased?
a. 12-24 hours, 5-10 days is incorrect as it is also an interval in which it will be measured after
the initial elevation.

b. 6-10 hours, 1-2 days is incorrect as this is the interval it will be measured.

c. 3-12 hours, 7-14 days is correct because troponin I will reach levels above the normal
reference range typically between these hours (MediaLab, 2024).

d. 3-6 hours, 1-2 days is incorrect because troponin I will not increase.

7. Which statement best describes small dense LDL particles that can occur in atherogenic
dyslipidemia?

A. small dense LDL molecules are less atherogenic than larger, less dense or buoyant LDL
particles because they are metabolized faster is incorrect
B. Small dense LDL molecules transport more cholesterol and thus are more atherogenic is
incorrect as they incorporate more plaque.

C. Small dense LDL molecules are more atherogenic because they can more easily move into the
the endothelium and vessel wall is correct as the triclycerides reduce the amount of cholesterol in
LDL particles producing small dense LDL molecules (MediaLab, 2024).

D. Small dense LDL molecules are just as atherogenic as the larger ones is incorrect because
smaller ones enter easier.

9. A lipid panel consists of which of the following tests?

A. Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, CO2 is incorrect as this is consistent with the Electrolyte Panel.

B. AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase, Total Protein, Albumin, Total Bilirubin, Direct Bilirubin is
incorrect as this is a part of the Hepatic Function Panel.

C. Cholesterol, Lipoprotein, HDL, Triglycerides is correct as this is consistent with the Lipid
Panel (MediaLab, 2024).

D. Glucose, BUN, Creatinine, Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, CO2, Calcium, Albumin,

Phosphorous is incorrect as this is consistent with the Renal Function Panel.

11. The following results were obtained on arterial blood:

PH= 7.51; pCO2= 49 mm Hg; HCO3- = 38.7 mmol/L; pO2= 85 mm Hg

A. Metabolic acidosis is incorrect because it is metabolic, but the pH is not acidosis.

B. Respiratory acidosis is incorrect as it is neither respiratory nor acidic
C. Metabolic alkalosis is correct because the pH of this patient sample is 7.51, so it is
considered alkaline and the HCO3- is increased making it metabolic (MediaLab, 2024).
 D. Respiratory alkalosis is incorrect because even though the pH is alkaline the HCO3- isn't
respiratory.

13. What is the mechanism of action for methotrexate?

A. Inhibits ribosome function is incorrect as this isn’t the mechanism for methotrexate.

B. Inhibits RNA synthesis is incorrect as this isn’t the mechanism for methotrexate.

C. Inhibits protein synthesis is incorrect as this isn’t the mechanism for methotrexate.

D. Inhibits DNA synthesis is correct as this is the mechanism of action for methotrexate
(MediaLab, 2024).

14. Which of the following parameters, according to the American Heart Association (AHA), is
not included in the diagnosis of the presence of metabolic syndrome in adults?
A. An elevated waist circumference is a parameter for the presence of metabolic syndrome
according to the AHA.

B. An elevated triglyceride level is a parameter according to the AHA.

C. An elevated fasting glucose is a parameter according to the AHA.

D. An elevated high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is correct as this is not a parameter per the AHA
in the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in adults (MediaLab, 2023).

15. Which one of the following is a TRUE statement concerning alkaline phosphatase?

A. It is optimally active at pH 5 is incorrect because it is false concerning alkaline phosphatase.

B. It is decreased in bone disorders involving the osteoblasts is incorrect as this is false

pertaining to alkaline phosphatase.

C. It is increased in obstructive jaundice is correct as this is found in patients suffering from

obstructive jaundice (MediaLab, 2024).

D. It is increased in myocardial infarctions is incorrect as this is false concerning alkaline

phosphatase.

18. PH alteration of normal blood in a closed vessel standing at 37°C for 1 hour is
approximately:

A, 0.01 to 0.02 pH units is incorrect as this is not for normal blood in a closed vessel.

B. 0.02 to 0.04 pH units is incorrect as this for a blood vessel in 22 degrees Celsius.

C. 0.04 to 0.08 pH units is correct as normal blood in a closed vessel standing at 37 degrees C is
decreased at this rate.
D. 0.08 to 0.12 pH units is incorrect as this is not a pH alteration of normal blood in a closed
vessel.

19. Cyclosporine and tacrolimus (Both immunosuppressive drugs) have multiple therapeutic
ranges, why?

A. There is no therapeutic range established for either is incorrect because they do have multiple
therapeutic ranges.

B. Because of the slow uptake of the medications by tissues is incorrect as it is always different
for each patient.

C. Because both drugs have ranges dependent on the organ transplanted and the time after
transplantation is correct due to the nature of their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics thus
causing it to have multiple therapeutic ranges (MediaLab, 2024).
D. Because of the short half-lives of the drugs is incorrect this does not explain why cyclosporine
and tacrolimus have multiple therapeutic ranges.

20. A patient has the following serum results:

Na=130 mEq/L; K=4.9 mEq/L; Cl=107 mEq/L; Glucose= 300 mg/dL; BUN= 18 mg/dL;
Creatinine= 1.1 mg/dL

Which osmolality result is consistent with these results?

Note: There are various published versions of this particular equation that will produce slightly
different results (Choose the value closest to your calculated result).

A. 240 mosmol/kg is incorrect as this doesn’t match with the formula and calculations done.
B. 251 mosmol/kg is incorrect as this doesn’t match with the formula and calculation done.
C. 281 mosmol/kg is correct because the formula is Osmolality=2xNa+[glucose
(mg/dL)/20]+[BUN (mg/dL)/3] and when you plug it in it will be
2(130)+(300/20)+(18/3)= 260+15+6= 281 mosmol/kg (MediaLab, 2024).
D. 293 mosmol/kg is incorrect as this doesn’t match with the formula and calculation done.

21. An automated method for measuring chloride which generates silver ions in the reaction is
called:

A. Amperometric-coulometric titration is correct as this is an automated method for measuring

chloride which generates silver ions in the reaction (MediaLab, 2024).

B. Potentiometry is incorrect as it is an electrochemical technique where negligible bias current

flows as the potential between a working electrode

C. Chromatography is incorrect as this is the separation of a mixture by passing it in solution or

suspension or as a vapor through a medium in which the components move at different rates.
D. Polarography is incorrect as this is a method of analysis in which a sample it subjected to
electrolysis using a special electrode and a range of applied voltages.

23. A 45-year-old African American female has been diagnosed and treated for type 2 diabetes
for the past five years. She maintains good control of her blood glucose with medication but does
not exercise and has gained 12 pounds over the past year. At her next appointment, her physician
orders hs-CRP along with blood assays to monitor her diabetes.

Laboratory Result: hs-CRP 2.8 mg/L

A. At no risk for cardiovascular disease is incorrect

B. Low risk for cardiovascular disease is incorrect as the range of hs-CRP is <1 mg/L
represents the low risk of this disease.
C. Moderate risk for cardiovascular disease is correct as the range of hs-CRP is 1.0-3.0
mg/L represents the moderate risk of this disease (MediaLab, 2024).
D. High risk for cardiovascular disease is incorrect as the range of hs-CRP is >3.0 represents
a high risk of this disease.

25. A jaundiced newborn’s bilirubin values are as follows:

12/28/2015 @7:45 am Bilirubin value= 14 mg/dL

12/29/2015 @7:15 am Bilirubin value=13 mg/dL

12/30/2015 @8:00 am Bilirubin value= 4 mg/dL

What is the explanation for these test results?

A. This is a case of diurnal variation, the specimens should have been collected at the
exactly the same time for all three days is incorrect as the time were close enough to
eliminate diurnal variation concerns.
B. The ultraviolet light placed on the newborn broke down the bilirubin and dramatically
decreased the value is incorrect as the UV light could not have such a drastic impact in a
24 hour period and they are not normal test results.
C. The specimen was not protected from light and bilirubin broke down resulting in a false
decreased value is correct as the presence of light break down bilirubin (MediaLab,
2024).
D. These are normal test results, there should be no concern is incorrect because these
results are abnormal.

26. Which two of the following biomarkers are not specific to cardiac muscle and may be
elevated in patients?

A. cTnI and cTnT is incorrect as they are better for assessing myocardial damage.
B. CK-MB and myoglobin is correct as they are present in skeletal muscle and can also be
elevated in injury to these cells (MediaLab, 2024).

C. cTnT and CK-MB is incorrect as CK-MB is relatively cardiospecific and cTnT is better for
assessing myocardial damage.

D. Myoglobin and cTnI is incorrect myoglobin is present in skeletal muscle, but cTnI is used for
assessing myocardial damage.

28. Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) are used to treat insomnia, depression, extreme apathy, and
loss of libido. All of the following are TCAs, EXCEPT?

A. Imipramine is incorrect as this is one of the main drugs classified as TCAs.

B. Doxepin is incorrect as this is one of the main drugs classified as TCAs.

C. Clozapine is correct as this is an antipsychotic and isn’t a part of the TCA class of drugs
(MediaLab, 2024).

D. Amitriptyline is incorrect as this is one of the main drugs classified as TCAs.

29. All of the following hormones increase or decrease plasma glucose concentration by
regulating glycogenolysis (converting glycogen to glucose) EXCEPT?

A. Cortisol is correct as it is the only one that doesn’t regulate gluconeogenesis, and it increases
formation of glucose from noncarbohydrates which can also raise plasma glucose concentration
(MediaLab, 2024).

B. Glucagon is incorrect as it promotes glycogenolysis, conversion of glycogen to glucose,

which increases plasma glucose.

C. Epinephrine is incorrect as it promotes glycogenolysis, conversion of glycogen to glucose,

which increases plasma glucose.

D. Insulin is incorrect as it decreases glycogenolysis and increases glycogenesis, lipogenesis, and

glycolysis.

30. Zinc deficiency in the elderly is often caused by:

A. Decreased intake and absorption is correct as some elderly individuals can have poor dietary
habits, which can lead to decreased nutrient absorption (MediaLab, 2024).

B. Decreased intake and excretion is incorrect as its bioavailability is based on one’s ability to
digest these proteins to release the zinc and absorb it in the intestinal tract.

C. Increased intake and excretion is incorrect as its bioavailability is based on one’s ability to
digest these proteins to release the zinc and absorb it in the intestinal tract.
D. Increased excretion and decreased absorption is incorrect as its bioavailability is based on
one’s ability to digest these proteins to release the zinc and absorb it in the intestinal tract.

31. Vitamin D is controlled by which hormone in a negative feedback loop?

A. Calcitronin is incorrect as it is produced by the thyroid glands and acts to decrease calcium
levels.

B. Calcium is incorrect as it is a mineral and not a hormone.

C. PTH is correct because vitamin D is controlled by PTH in a negative feedback loop

(MediaLab, 2024).

D. TSH is incorrect because it acts to increase T3 and T4.

32. The formula for conversion of hemoglobin A1C to glucose in mg/dL is eAG= (28.7 xA1C)-
46.7.

The HbA1C measured on a patient is reported as 7.5%. What would be reported as the estimated
average glucose for this % A1C?

A. 142 mg/dL is incorrect as it doesn’t add up when plugged into the formula
B. 169 mg/dL is correct because when we plug it into the formula (28.7 x 7.5)-46.7= 168.55
mg/dL or 169 mg/dL since you have to round up to the nearest whole number (MediaLab,
2024).
C. 200 mg/dL is incorrect as it doesn’t add up when plugged into the formula
D. 262 mg/dL is incorrect as it doesn’t add up when plugged into the formula

33. An electrolyte panel is composed of which of the following tests?

A. Sodium, potassium, glucose, chloride is incorrect as this isn’t composed of the electrolyte
panel.

B. Potassium, glucose, chloride, albumin is incorrect as this isn’t composed of the electrolyte
panel tests.

C. Sodium, potassium, chloride, CO2 is correct as this is composed of the electrolyte panel
(MediaLab, 2024).

D. Chloride, cholesterol, chloride, glucose is incorrect as this isn’t composed of the electrolyte
panel.

42. Which enzyme is responsible for the conjugation of bilirubin?

A. Beta-Glucuronidase is incorrect as it isn’t responsible for the conjugation of bilirubin.

B. Bilirubin oxidase is incorrect as it isn’t responsible for the conjugation of bilirubin.

C. Bilirubin reductase is incorrect as it isn’t responsible for the conjugation of bilirubin.

D. Glucuronyl transferase is correct as it is the enzyme responsible for the conjugation of
bilirubin (MediaLab, 2024).

43. Which of the following statements about diagnosing gestational diabetes is true?

A. Gestational diabetes is diagnosed with the same testing and criteria used for the diagnosis of
diabetes for a non-pregnant adult is incorrect

B. All non-diabetic pregnant women should be screened at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation is correct

(MediaLab, 2024).

C. Only diabetic pregnant women should be screened at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation is incorrect

D. All pregnant women (diabetic or non-diabetic) should be screened at 24 to 28 weeks gestation

is incorrect
46. Which of the following conditions is associated with elevated serum uric acid levels:

A. Cushing’s syndrome is incorrect as it isn’t associated with elevated serum uric acid levels

B. Pancreatitis is incorrect as it isn’t associated with elevated serum uric acid levels

C. Hyperthyroidism is incorrect as it isn’t associated with elevated serum uric acid levels

D. Gout is correct as this condition is associated with elevated serum uric acid levels (MediaLab,
2024).

48. What is the function of LD in the body?

A. Interconversion of lactate to glucose is incorrect because lactate doesn’t convert to glucose

because it needs to be made into pyruvate first.

B. Non-reversible conversion of pyruvate to lactate is incorrect because this is a reversible

reaction.

C. Interconversion of lactate and pyruvate is correct as LD is an enzyme that catalyzes the

interconversion of lactate and pyruvate (MediaLab, 2024)

D. Conversion of glucose to lactate is incorrect as glucose needs to be broken down into

pyruvate first before it can be made into lactate.

49. Fluorometers are designed so that the path of the excitation light is at a right angle to the path
of the emitted light. What is the purpose of this design?

A. Prevent the loss of emitted light is incorrect because this isn’t the purpose of the design for
fluorometers.

B. Prevent the loss of the excitation light is incorrect because this isn’t the purpose of the design
for fluorometers.
C. Focus emitted and excitation light upon the detector is incorrect because this isn’t the purpose
of the design for fluorometers.

D. Prevent incident light from striking the detector is correct as this is the purpose of the design
(MediaLab, 2024).

52. How long does it take for plasma concentrations to reach steady state when a patient’s dose if
given at intervals of the drug’s half-life?

A. One half-hour is incorrect as it isn’t the steady state when a patient’s dose for plasma
concentrations.

B. Two-half lives is incorrect as it isn’t the steady state when a patient’s dose for plasma
concentrations.
C. 5-7 half-lives is correct as it takes plasma concentrations this long to reach steady state
(MediaLab, 2024).

D. 10-12 half-lives is incorrect as it isn’t the steady state when a patient’s dose for plasma
concentrations.

53. Which medication is primarily used in the treatment of bipolar disorder?

A. Lithium is correct as it is a mood-altering drug primarily used in the treatment of bipolar

disorder (MediaLab, 2024).

B. Imipramine is incorrect as it is a tricyclic antidepressant drug.

C. Amitriptyline is incorrect as it is a tricyclic antidepressant drug.

D. Doxepin is incorrect as it is a tricyclic antidepressant drug.

56. Calcium and phosphorous levels were determined for a 4-year-old patient as follows:

Ca- 14 mg/dL

Phosphorous – 1 mg/dL

These results are most compatible with:

A. Hyperparathyroidism is correct as it lines up with the elevated calcium and decreased

phosphorous levels (MediaLab, 2024).
B. Renal failure is incorrect because the phosphorous levels would likely not be decreased.
C. Rickets is incorrect as it is seen in young children due to vitamin D deficiency.
D. Hypervitaminosis is incorrect as it can lead to elevations in calcium. However, since this
is a child this scenario isn’t likely.

57. Whole blood glucose values are --- plasma glucose values.
A. About 40% higher is incorrect because blood glucose values are 11% lower than plasma
glucose.

B. about 11% lower is correct because blood glucose values are 11% lower than plasma glucose.

C. about 80% lower is incorrect because blood glucose values are 11% lower than plasma
glucose.

D. equal to is incorrect because blood glucose values are 11% lower than plasma glucose.

58. Respiratory acidosis is associated with:

A. Normal pH is incorrect because it isn’t associated with respiratory acidosis

B. High pH is incorrect because it isn’t associated with respiratory acidosis

C. Decreased pCO2 is incorrect because it isn’t associated with respiratory acidosis

D. Increased pCO2 is correct because respiratory acidosis is associated with this (MediaLab,
2024).

59. In patients with suspected primary hypothyroidism associated with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis,
one would expect the following laboratory test results: T4--- TSH---TRH stimulation---

A. Increased, decreased, increased is incorrect because it isn’t associated with Hashimoto’s

thyroiditis.

B. Decreased, increased, increased is correct as this is associated with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

(MediaLab, 2024).

C. Increased, decreased, decreased is incorrect because it isn’t associated with Hashimoto’s

thyroiditis.

D. Increased, increased, decreased is incorrect because it isn’t associated with Hashimoto’s

thyroiditis.

61. What is the effect of aging on the hormones of the endocrine system?

A. Aldosterone decreases and norepinephrine increases is correct as it is the effect of aging on

the hormones of the endocrine system (MediaLab, 2024).

B. Aldosterone increased and norepinephrine increases is incorrect because it doesn’t effect the
aging on the hormones of the endocrine system

C. Aldosterone decreases and norepinephrine decreases is incorrect because it doesn’t effect the
aging on the hormones of the endocrine system

D. Aldosterone increases and norepinephrine decreases is incorrect because it doesn’t effect the
aging on the hormones of the endocrine system
62. When is a trough blood sample for therapeutic drug monitoring usually obtained?

A. Just after the dose is administered is incorrect as it is usually obtained just before the next
scheduled dose.

B. Just before the next scheduled dose is correct as a trough blood sample for therapeutic drug
monitoring is usually obtained around this time (MediaLab, 2024).

C. At the peak time calculated after a dose is incorrect as it is usually obtained just before the
next scheduled dose.

D. After one half-life of the drug is incorrect as it is usually obtained just before the next
scheduled dose.

63. Which of the following statements is true concerning apolipoproteins?

A. All lipoprotein particles contain the same apolipoproteins is incorrect as not all contain the
same apolipoproteins.

B. Apolipoproteins are essential for lipid metabolism is correct as it is a major protein

component of lipoproteins (MediaLab, 2024).

C. Apolipoproteins are the reason lipoproteins are atherogenic is incorrect as not all are
atherogenic.

D. Apolipoproteins are a type of cholesterol is incorrect because they are not a type of
cholesterol.

65, Which of the following would you find in a primary hyperparathyroidism case?

A. Elevated serum calcium and decreased serum phosphorus is correct because you would
find it in a primary hyperparathyroidism case (MediaLab, 2024).
B. Elevated serum calcium and elevated serum phosphorus is incorrect as it is not found in
primary hyperparathyroidism
C. Decreased serum calcium and decreased serum phosphorus is incorrect as it is not found
in primary hyperparathyroidism
D. Decreased serum calcium and increased serum phosphorus is incorrect as it is not found
in primary hyperparathyroidism

67. Myoglobin concentration testing is routinely used for all of the following conditions,
EXCEPT?

A. acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is incorrect as it is routinely used for testing of myoglobin
concentration

B. Rhabdomyolysis is incorrect as it is routinely used for testing of myoglobin concentration

C. Seizures is incorrect as it is routinely used for testing of myoglobin concentration

D. Pulmonary edema is correct because myoglobin concentration testing is not routinely used for
this (MediaLab, 2024).

69. Which three hormones are known to regulate serum Ca2+ by changing their secretion rate in
response to changes in ionized Ca2+?

A. TSH, vitamin A & calcitonin is incorrect as it doesn’t regulate serum Ca2+

B. T4, vitamin B12 & calcitonin is incorrect as this is for hematopoiesis and fatty acid
metabolism

C. PTH, vitamin D & calcitonin is correct as they are known to regulate serum Ca2+ by
changing their secretion rate in response to changes in ionized Ca2+ (MediaLab, 2024).

D. T3, vitamin E & calcitonin is incorrect as it doesn’t regulate serum Ca2+

72. Which dye-binding method uses an increase of absorbance at 595 nm to determine the total
protein concentration of the specimen?

A. Bromophenol blue is incorrect as it is commonly used to stain protein bands after

electrophoresis.

B. Coomassie brilliant blue 250 is the method used to determine the total protein concentration
of the specimen (MediaLab, 2024).

C. Amido black 10B is incorrect as it is commonly used to stain protein bands after
electrophoresis.

D. Ponceau S is incorrect as it is commonly used to stain protein bands after electrophoresis.

73. Which one of the following statements about lead poisoning is false?

A. While lead distributes to all tissues, the central nervous system, kidney, and bone marrow are
particularly susceptible to lead toxicity is incorrect as this is true.

B. Whole blood lead measurement is the best test for detecting lead toxicity is incorrect because
it is a true statement.

C. Serum lead level is a good inexpensive screening test for lead toxicity is correct as this is a
false statement regarding lead poisoning (MediaLab, 2024).

D. Lead levels below 5ug/dL in children do not prompt ongoing monitoring is incorrect as it is a
true statement regarding lead poisoning.

76. A patient presents with an elevation of unconjugated bilirubin, normal serum alkaline
phosphatase, normal liver enzymes, and no bilirubin in the urine, This combination would
suggest:
A. Viral infection of the liver is incorrect as the combination suggests increased rate of
hemolysis.

B. Chemical damage to the liver is incorrect as the combination suggests increased rate of
hemolysis.

C. Increased rate of hemolysis is correct as unconjugated bilirubin is a byproduct of RBC

breakdown or hemolysis (MediaLab, 2024).

D. Obstruction of the common bile duct is incorrect as the combination suggests an increased
rate of hemolysis.

78. When collecting a urine specimen for workplace drug testing, which of the following
situations may indicate that the specimen has been tampered with or adulterated?
A. The temperature of the specimen reads 34 degrees Celsius is incorrect as this is normal range
B. The specific gravity test result is 1.001 as this suggest it has been tampered with (MediaLab,
2024)

C. The color of the specimen is amber is incorrect as it isn’t an unusual finding in urine

D. The specific gravity test result is 1.020 is incorrect as this is the normal specific gravity

79. Which one of the following cardiac biomarkers could detect a recent reinfarction?

A. Troponin I (TnI) is incorrect as it isn’t a cardiac biomarker that could detect a recent
reinfarction

B. Troponin T (TnT) is incorrect as it isn’t a cardiac biomarker that could detect a recent
reinfarction

C. Lactate dehydrogenase (LD) is incorrect as it isn’t a cardiac biomarker that could detect a
recent reinfarction

D. Creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) is correct as it is a cardiac biomarker that could detect a recent
reinfarction (MediaLab, 2024).

80. The HbA1C result for a diabetic patient is 6.0%. What conclusion can be made regarding this
patient’s carbohydrate management?

A. The results are inconclusive and should be repeated with a different method is incorrect as it
isn’t critical and demonstrates compliance with diet and medication

B. The patient is probably not following dietary recommendations is incorrect as it isn’t critical
and demonstrates compliance with diet and medication

C. The patient is compliant with diet and medication is correct as the result isn’t critical
(MediaLab, 2024).
D. The result is critical, and the patient should be immediately treated for hyperglycemia is
incorrect as it isn’t critical and demonstrates compliance with diet and medication

83. Of the following, which has the longest half-life?

A. carbamazepine is incorrect is 4-8 hours

B. Valporic acid is incorrect and is 11-17 hours

C. Phenytoin is incorrect as it is 6-24 hours

D. Phenobarbital is correct as it has the longest half-life because it is slow-acting medication

(MediaLab, 2024).

84. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is produced by:

A. Adrenal cortex is incorrect as it doesn’t produce FSH

B. Adrenal medulla is incorrect as it doesn’t produce FSH

C. Pituitary is correct as it produces FSH (MediaLab, 2024).

D. Thyroid is incorrect as it doesn’t produce FSH

86. Increased concentration of AFP in adults are most characteristically associated with:

A. hepatocellular carcinoma is correct as increased AFP in adults are associated with this
(MediaLab, 2024).

B. alcoholic cirrhosis is incorrect as it wouldn’t cause an increase in serum AFP

C. Megaloblastic anemia is incorrect as it wouldn’t cause an increase in serum AFP

D. Multiple myeloma is incorrect as it wouldn’t cause an increase in serum AFP

87. An increase in total bilirubin with a normal conjugated bilirubin is most likely indicative of:

A. Acute liver disease is incorrect as it wouldn’t cause an increase in unconjugated but normal
conjugated bilirubin

B. Hemolytic disease is correct as it causes an increase in total bilirubin with normal conjugated
bilirubin (MediaLab, 2024)

C. Post-hepatic jaundice is incorrect as it would prevent the removal of conjugated bilirubin from
the liver and cause an increase in conjugated bilirubin levels.

D. Obstruction is incorrect as it would prevent the removal of conjugated bilirubin from the liver
and cause an increase in conjugated bilirubin levels.

89. Approximately how many doses are required to obtain a steady-state oscillation allowing for
peak and trough levels to be evaluated?
A. 1 to 2 is incorrect as this isn’t the dose required

B. 3 to 4 is incorrect as this isn’t the dose required

C. 5 to 7 is correct as it requires approximately this much to obtain a steady-state oscillation

allowing for peak and trough levels (MediaLab, 2024).

D. >10 is incorrect as this isn’t the dose required.

91. An electrophoretic separation of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme that demonstrates

elevation in LD-1 greater than LD-2 could be indicative of:

A. A normal LD isoenzyme pattern is incorrect as LD-2 is present in higher concentrations

B. Myocardial infarction is correct as LD-1 is greater than LD-2 is increased during myocardial
infarction since they are both present in the heart muscle (MediaLab, 2024).
C. Pancreatitis is incorrect as it does cause increased levels of LD, but the LD-4 type

D. Diabetes mellitus is incorrect as is hasn’t been associated with the LD flip.

94. Which of the following is TRUE of a fully compensated metabolic acidosis?

A. pH will be decreased without a decrease in pCO2 is incorrect as it is false regarding a fully

compensated metabolic acidosis

B. pH will be decreased with a decrease in pCO2 is incorrect as it is false regarding a fully

compensated metabolic acidosis

C. pH will be decreased with an increase in pCO2 is incorrect as it is false regarding a fully

compensated metabolic acidosis

D. pH will be normal with a decrease in pCO2 is correct as this is a true of a fully compensated
metabolic acidosis (MediaLab, 2024).

95. Which of the following drug examples would be a good candidate for therapeutic drug
monitoring?

A. A drug that is readily cleared is incorrect as it isn’t a good candidate for TDM.

B. A drug that has a narrow therapeutic window is correct as it is a good candidate for TDM
(MediaLab, 2024),

C. A drug that has a wide therapeutic window is incorrect as it isn’t a good candidate for TDM.

D. A drug that is used for short-term therapy is incorrect as it isn’t a good candidate for TDM.

98. After experiencing extreme fatigue and polyuria, a patient’s basic metabolic panel is
analyzed in the laboratory. The result of the glucose is too high for the instrument to read. The
laboratorian performs a dilution using 0.25 mL of patient sample to 750 uL of diluent. The result
now reads 325 mg/dL. How should the technologist report this patient’s glucose result?

A. 325 mg/dL is incorrect as it doesn’t equal this when plugged in

B. 1, 300 mg/dL is correct since this is what we get from the calculation 325x4=1,300 mg/dL

C. 975 mg/dL is incorrect as it doesn’t equal this when plugged in

D. 1,625 is incorrect as it doesn’t equal this when plugged in.

99. An obese adult with premature arteriosclerosis is seen in the clinic. When her serum is tested
no chylomicrons are present. LDL levels are normal, and VLDL levels are increased. There is an
increase in triglycerides and a slight increase in cholesterol. Lipoprotein electrophoresis reveals a
heavy pre-beta band. She has no skin rash and uric acid is increased. This patient most likely has
what type of lipoprotein?

A. type I is incorrect as it is type IV

b. Tpye III is incorrect as it is type IV

C. Type IV is correct as it is associated with high triglycerides

D. Type V is incorrect as it is type IV

References

MediaLab, 2024