AEROSPACE AMS2644™ REV.

MATERIAL SPECIFICATION Issued 1996-08

Revised 2020-07

Superseding AMS2644G

Inspection Material, Penetrant

RATIONALE

AMS2644H results from a limited scope ballot to revise water tolerance (3.3.8.5) and fluorescent background measurement
(4.4.11.4).

SCOPE

Purpose

This specification establishes the classification, technical requirements, tests, and test procedures for the qualification,
approval, and quality verification of all materials used in the liquid penetrant methods of inspection with the exception of
those excluded in the application section.

The qualifying agency for direct U.S. Military procurement is the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate of the Air
Force Research Laboratory AFRL/RXSA, 2179 12th Street, Room 122, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH,
45433-7718, (937) 656-9151. AFRL/RXSA will maintain the qualified products list for military procurement of
penetrant materials, replacing QPL-25135, and will audit and approve other testing facilities to perform all or portions
of the tests contained herein.

Application

This specification is applicable to penetrant materials used in manufacturing and maintenance operations. It is intended to
be used by prime contractors in establishing an approved products list (QPL) for use by themselves and their suppliers. It
does not cover such special application products as liquid oxygen compatible, high or low temperatures, thixotropic, reverse
fluorescent, and dye precipitation penetrant systems.

Safety - Hazardous Materials

While the materials, methods, applications, and processes described or referenced in this specification may involve the use
of hazardous materials, this specification does not address the hazards which may be involved in such use. It is the sole
responsibility of the user to ensure familiarity with the safe and proper use of any hazardous materials and to take necessary
precautionary measures to ensure the health and safety of all personnel involved.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and
suggestions.
Copyright © 2020 SAE International
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Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
For more information on this standard, visit
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SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2644™H Page 2 of 30
Classification

Penetrant systems covered by this specification are to be classified as follows:

Penetrants shall be of the following types, methods, and sensitivity levels:

Type 1 Fluorescent Dye

Type 2 Visible Dye

Method A Water washable

Method A(W) Water washable – water containing (≥20% water by volume)
Method B Post emulsifiable, lipophilic
Method C Solvent removable
Method D Post emulsifiable, hydrophilic

Sensitivity Level 1/2 Ultra low

Sensitivity Level 1 Low
Sensitivity Level 2 Medium
Sensitivity Level 3 High
Sensitivity Level 4 Ultra high

Sensitivity level 1/2 applies to Type 1, Method A and Method A(W) penetrants only. There is no sensitivity level
classification for Type 2 penetrant systems.

Developers shall be of the following forms:

Form a Dry powder

Form b Water soluble
Form c Water suspendible
Form d Nonaqueous Type 1 Fluorescent (solvent based)
Form e Nonaqueous Type 2 Visible Dye (solvent based)
Form f Special application

Solvent Removers shall be of the following classes:

Class 1 Halogenated
Class 2 Nonhalogenated
Class 3 Special application

APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the
extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is
specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last
published issue of that document shall apply.

SAE Publications

Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA
and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.

AMS4035 Aluminum Alloy, Sheet and Plate, 4.4Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.60Mn (2024-0), Annealed; or when specified, "As
Fabricated" (2024-F)

AMS4045 Aluminum Alloy Sheet and Plate, 5.6Zn - 2.5Mg - 1.6Cu - 0.23Cr 7075: (-T6 Sheet, -T65 Plate), Solution
and Precipitation Heat Treated

AMS4377 Magnesium Alloy, Sheet and Plate, 3.0Al - 1.0Zn - 0.20Mn (AZ31B-H24), Cold Rolled, Partially Annealed
SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2644™H Page 3 of 30
AMS4916 Titanium Alloy Sheet, Strip, and Plate, 8Al - 1Mo - 1V, Duplex Annealed

AMS5391 Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Investment Castings, 73Ni - 0.14C - 13Cr - 4.5Mo - 2.3Cb (Nb)
- 0.75Ti - 6.0 Al - 0.010B - 0.10Zr, Vacuum Cast, As-Cast

AMS6350 Steel Sheet, Strip, and Plate, 0.95Cr - 0.20Mo (0.28 - 0.33C) (SAE 4130)

ARP1917 Clarification of Terms Used in Aerospace Metals Specifications

ASTM Publications

Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel:
610-832-9585, www.astm.org.

ASTM D93 Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester

ASTM D95 Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation

ASTM D445 Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (the Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)

ASTM D3828 Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester

ASTM D4057 Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products

ASTM D4177 Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products

ASTM E1135 Comparing the Brightness of Fluorescent Penetrants

ASTM E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations

ASTM E1417/E1417M Liquid Penetrant Inspection

ASTM E2275 Evaluating Water-Miscible Metalworking Fluid Bioresistance and Antimicrobial Pesticide
Performance

ASTM E3022 Measurement of Emission Characteristics and Requirements for LED UV-A Lamps Used in
Fluorescent Penetrant and Magnetic Particle Testing

ASTM G41 Determining Cracking Susceptibility of Metals Exposed Under Stress to a Hot Salt Environment

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Organization) Publications

Available from U.S. Department of Labor/OSHA, 200 Constitution Avenue, Washington, DC 20210, Tel: 800-321-6742,
www.osha.gov/pls/publications/pubindex.list.

49 CFR 173 Department of Transportation Hazardous Material Regulations (Orders for the above publication should
cite “49CFR 100 to 177")

Orders of Precedence

In the event of a conflict between the text of this specification and the references cited herein, the text of this specification
shall take precedence.