THE COMPARISON OF CONSUMER RIGHTS AWARENESS BETWEEN

GRADE 11 AND GRADE 12 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL ACCOUNTANCY,

BUSINESS, AND MANAGEMENT STUDENTS AT
BAGUIO CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

GRADE 12 ABM 2 – GROUP 1

JHULE ASHLE B. BALADAD RHEXEL GRACE N. PUSOT

ANDRIANNE W. BENIAHAN (LEADER) JANALEI M. SIBAYAN
SAM DHARWIN R. EDADES PAULYCRIZ M. VALDEZ
REYAH DANE P. FERRER KEMPEE E. VILLANUEVA
PHILIP CARLO C. MANGLIGOT JESSICA V. WALES

CHRISTOPHER NASH A. JASMIN

RESEARCH ADVISER

A RESEARCH SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF

THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT,
BAGUIO CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF
THE REQUIREMENTS FOR

INQUIRIES, INVESTIGATIONS, AND IMMERSION

MAY 2024

i
 Contribution No.____________

REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE REGION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BAGUIO CITY

BAGUIO CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

This research, entitled THE COMPARISON OF CONSUMER RIGHTS

AWARENESS BETWEEN GRADE 11 AND GRADE 12 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

ACCOUNTANCY, BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT STUDENTS AT BAGUIO CITY

NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL, prepared and submitted by JHULE ASHLE B. BALADAD,

ANDRIANNE W. BENIAHAN, SAM DHARWIN R. EDADES, REYAH DANE P. FERRER,

PHILIP CARLO C. MANGLIGOT, RHEXEL GRACE N. PUSOT, JANALEI M. SIBAYAN,

PAULYCRIZ M. VALDEZ, KEMPEE E. VILLANUEVA, and JESSICA V. WALES in partial

fulfillment of the requirements for the course INQUIRIES, INVESTIGATION, AND

IMMERSION, is hereby accepted.

ANGELINE CARMEN G. GARCIA DENVER G. ALIWANA

Panel Member Panel Member
Date Signed: __________ Date Signed: __________

CHRISTOPHER NASH A. JASMIN

Research Adviser
Date Signed: __________

Accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the course INQUIRIES,

INVESTIGATION, AND IMMERSION for the School Year 2023-2024.

ORTEZ D. GABOL
SHS Head Teacher-in-Charge
Date Signed: __________

2
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i

TABLE OF CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

LIST OF TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

LIST OF FIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Background of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Conceptual Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Statement of the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Hypothesis of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

METHODOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Research Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Population and Locale of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Research Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Data Gathering Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Treatment of Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Section Corresponding to Research . . . . . . . . . . . .

Question 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Section Corresponding to Research . . . . . . . . . . . .
Question 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Section Corresponding to Research . . . . . . . . . . . .
Question 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . .

Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ii
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

APPENDIX A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

iii
 LIST OF TABLES
Table No.

1 Interpretation of the mean for consumer rights awareness . . . 13

2 The level of consumer rights awareness of Grade 11 and Grade 14

12 ABM students at BCNHS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.

3 The level of consumer rights awareness of ABM students . . 17

4 The comparison between the consumer rights awareness of 20

Grade 11 and Grade 12 ABM students . . . . . . . . . . .

iv
 LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No.

1 Paradigm of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

v
 INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

High school students are concerned with their studies in school and duties at

home to equip themselves to be adults. The responsibility of budgeting and buying

necessities adds to these duties. They are considered consumers since they purchase

and consume products and services. There are also scams that young adults would not

easily recognize due to their lack of experience and knowledge but this could be

avoided if they have awareness on their consumer rights awareness. Consumer rights

provide safety and fair rights to consumers, and they give consumers the proper

information to enable these consumers to make better purchasing decisions and

become involved in the development of social and economic policies (The Consumer

Act of the Philippines RA No. 7394, 1992). Consumer rights are essential for students to

know, especially students enrolled in the Accountancy and Business Management

(ABM) strand. ABM is an academic strand that specializes in business-related subjects

to prepare students for college if they choose a business course.

Ishak and Zabil (2012) stated that knowledge significantly impacts how people

make decisions and behave. Similarly, in this study, consumer attitudes and purchase

intentions can be influenced by their knowledge of their rights. Therefore, the role of

consumer rights in how things are acquired and purchased is critical and significant.

According to Ibarra and Revilla (2014), while concern for the welfare and

protection of consumers is growing locally, data on public perception of their

fundamental consumer rights is scarce. This is especially true in developing nations like

the Philippines, where consumer rights are sometimes ignored and taken for granted.

1
Numerous factors in their cultural environment have contributed to the psychology of the

typical Filipino consumer. With each social revolution, Filipino consumers' behavior

evolves to a greater or lesser extent.

According to Barnard (2015), consumers must acquire knowledge and skills so

that they make responsible decisions that will benefit themselves and society at large.

As consumers are aware of their rights, they can make informed decisions in the

marketplace; they can protect themselves against exploitation by businesses. Despite

the critical role played by consumer rights awareness on consumer actions in the

marketplace, there is a lack of empirical evidence in the public domain on the

relationship between consumer rights and their knowledge of their power of purchasing.

There are a few local research conducted on this topic, indicating the need to do

more studies. In this study, ABM students were able to broaden their knowledge of

consumer rights. There is a decreasing awareness of consumer rights so consumers

rely on trial and error to understand financial concepts because financial education is

not properly taught. The findings of this research contribute to the existing literature on

consumer rights education, providing insights and recommendations for educational

institutions and policymakers to enhance consumer rights awareness for ABM students.

The study also aimed to determine if there is a significant difference in the

awareness levels between Grade 11 and Grade 12 ABM students. The level of

consumer rights awareness between Grade 11 and Grade 12 Senior High School ABM

students at Baguio City National High School were compared. Consumer rights

awareness is an understanding of consumer rights and responsibilities in the

marketplace. Measures of consumer rights awareness include product warranties,

2
refund policies, and protection against deceptive advertising practices. The findings can

contribute to policy development and consumer empowerment. Comparing awareness

levels between Grade 11 and Grade 12 students can provide insights into curriculum

effectiveness. Future research can explore factors influencing students' awareness,

such as socio-economic background or educational interventions, contributing to a

broader understanding of consumer behavior and education. Additionally, the research

is aligned with the DepEd's program on financial literacy.

Conceptual Framework

The figure below shows the input, process, and output. The input consists of the

independent variables: the profile of ABM students, consumer rights awareness of ABM

students, and financial literacy of ABM students. The process consists of the research

instrument and tools: the consumer awareness questionnaire and statistical analysis.

The output consists of the dependent variables: level of awareness of consumer rights,

and recommendations on promoting consumer rights awareness of ABM Students.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1. Profile of ABM 1. Consumer 1. Level of awareness
Students Awareness on consumer rights
a. Grade Level Questionnaire 2. The comparison of
2. Consumer Rights 2. Statistical Analysis consumer rights
Awareness of ABM awareness between
Students Grade 11 and
a. Eight Basic Grade 12 ABM
Consumer students
Rights 3. Recommendations
on promoting
consumer rights
awareness of ABM
3 students
Figure 1. Paradigm of the Study

Consumer Rights Awareness

Consumer rights awareness provides consumer rights by giving enough

knowledge about the products and services that consumers buy in the market (Kamble,

2023). According to Kamble (2023), having consumer rights awareness will give

consumers information to protect themselves from market exploitation. At the same

time, Vedantu (n.d.) states that consumer awareness helps consumers make the right

decisions at the right time. Therefore, it allows a consumer to achieve maximum

satisfaction at the best price and it protects consumers in a marketplace from fraud and

misinformation. The Department of Trade and Industry (2019) in the Philippines listed

and defined the eight basic rights as the following:

Right to basic needs. This right ensures the availability of basic goods and services to

consumers at affordable prices and of good quality. It includes adequate food, clothing,

shelter, health care, education, public utilities, water, and sanitation to lead a decent life.

Right to safety. This right assures consumers are protected against the marketing of

goods that are injurious to health and life. Consumers are assured that manufacturers of

consumer products undertake extensive safety and performance testing before selling

their products in the market. Products should be properly labeled with information as to

the contents, use, precautions, or warning signs, and how to prepare it if the need

arises

4
Right to information. This is the right of consumers to be protected against dishonest or

misleading advertising or labeling and the right to be given the facts and information

needed to make an informed choice. Consumers have the right to receive adequate

information about products on which to base buying decisions. Information to

consumers includes product specification, place of origin, safety warnings, price, mode

of payment, date of quality assurance, description of after-sale services, warranty,

ingredients, nutritional facts, etc.

Right to choose. This deals with the right to choose products and services at

competitive prices, with an assurance of satisfactory quality. Consumers expect a wide

array of goods and services which be offered in the market with diverse brands, sizes,

shapes, colors, and differences in price, quality, and use. Consumers have the right to

be assured that a selection of quality products and services are available for them to

purchase at competitive prices.

Right to representation. The right to representation is also known as the right to be

heard. This is the right to express consumer interest in the making and execution of

government policies that will have an impact on the supply of goods and services to

consumers. Consumers expect legislators would propose laws that would ensure that

consumers have the chance to live a better life by getting the best value for their hard-

earned money

Right to redress. This is the right of consumers to be compensated for

misrepresentation, shoddy goods, or unsatisfactory services. Under this right,

consumers expect defective goods to be replaced or money refunded by the seller or

5
dealer. Consumers also have the right to seek legal remedies in the appropriate courts

of law.

Right to consumer education. This is the right to acquire the knowledge and skills

necessary to be an informed consumer. Consumers may look forward to the three

sectors of society: business, government, and consumer would embark on an

information campaign through tri-media on consumer-related issues as well as a series

of seminars, conferences, training, and public hearings for the welfare of consumers.

Right to a healthy environment. This right assures consumers to live and work in an

environment that is neither threatening nor dangerous and that permits a life of dignity

and well-being. Consumers expect the government to exert efforts regarding the

alarming increase in the degradation of the environment especially in forests, dying

wildlife, depleted landfill space, and environmental contamination to prevent further

damage and the constant monitoring of our seas, coral reefs, forest, and waste disposal

being committed by factories to check if there is a violation of the laws on environmental

protection.

6
 Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to know the differences in consumer rights awareness between

Grade 11 and Grade 12 ABM students at BCNHS. This research specifically wants to

know the following:

1. What is the level of consumer rights awareness of Grade 11 and Grade 12 ABM

students at BCNHS?

2. What is the level of consumer rights awareness of ABM students along the

following:

a. Right to basic needs,

b. Right to safety,

c. Right to information,

d. Right to choose,

e. Right to representation,

f. Right to redress,

g. Right to consumer education,

h. Right to a healthy environment?

3. Is there a significant difference between the consumer rights awareness of Grade

11 and Grade 12 ABM students?

Hypothesis of the Study

For research question number three, the hypothesis is forwarded:

1. There is no significant difference between the consumer rights awareness of

Grade 11 and Grade 12 ABM students.

7
 METHODOLOGY

Research Design

The researchers used a descriptive comparative research design to properly

determine the data of this study. To characterize, investigate, and elucidate the parallels

and divergences between the instances under investigation, the researcher will employ

comparative research methods. According to Nupi (n.d.), a comparative method

involves comparing one research object to another. Descriptive research was also

utilized by the researchers since it is a form of inquiry used to try and ascertain the

characteristics of a population or specific occurrence. Except for why something

occurred, descriptive research allows you to find patterns in a group's features and

practically establish everything you need to know. Although descriptive research does

not prove cause-and-effect correlations, the results offer insightful information and guide

further study (Sirisilla, 2023).

Furthermore, this study followed a cross-sectional study design. Cross-sectional

studies are used to gather data from a broad population, analyze group differences,

capture particular points in time, and identify the features that predominate in a

population at a particular time. As mentioned by Simkus (2023) an observational study,

or descriptive research, design known as a cross-sectional study analyzes data on a

population at a particular moment. Without changing any variables or altering the

environment, researchers assess a group of individuals and show what already exists in

the population.

8
 Population and Locale of the Study

The researchers decided that ABM students are preferable respondents since

their specialized subjects are related to the business industry and economics. They

obtained the total population of the ABM track in Baguio City National High School in the

School Year 2023-2024 which is a total of 157 Grade 11 students and 151 Grade 12

students. The researchers used Raosoft, which was Cochran’s Formula to compute the

sample size to determine 112 Grade 11 students and 109 Grade 12 students were

needed for this study. The researchers used the quota sampling method which is a non-

probability sampling method to determine the respondents. The grade level of ABM

students was considered since the researchers wanted to account for the difference in

knowledge and experience of learners in different grade levels.

Research Instruments

The researchers used a validated survey questionnaire as an instrument for data

gathering. The survey questionnaire was adopted from the related research titled

“Consumers’ Awareness on Their Eight Basic Rights: A Comparative Study of Filipinos

in the Philippines and Guam” by Ibarra & Revilla (2014). This survey is designed to

assess the eight basic consumer rights of to consumer awareness (Ibara & Revilla,

2016). The questionnaire was entitled Survey on Consumer Rights Awareness. It aimed

to measure the level of consumer rights awareness among ABM students. The

questionnaire is divided into eight subsections. The questionnaire aims to determine the

level of awareness of consumer rights which consisted of 31 items that were measured

9
using a 5-point Likert Scale with the categories: (1) Strongly Disagree, (2) Disagree, (3)

Uncertain, (4) Agree, and (5) Strongly Agree.

Data Gathering Procedures

The researchers prepared a letter of request to conduct the study which was

given and signed by the head teacher of senior high in BCNHS. Once the permission

letter was approved, the questionnaires were distributed to the respondents. The

researchers explained to the respondents the importance of their study and clarified

specific terms in the questionnaire so they easily and honestly answered the

questionnaire. After the respondents answered the questionnaire, the researchers

analyzed the data for interpretation.

Treatment of Data

To answer the first research question, the researchers compared the mean of the

respondents’ answers in the questionnaire. This provided the level of consumer rights

awareness of Grade 11 and Grade 12 ABM students.

To answer the second research question, the researchers compared the mean of

the eight basic consumer rights of consumer rights. This provided the level of

knowledge of the respondents for each basic right.

To answer the third research question, the researchers used an independent

sample t-test to compare the mean awareness between Grade 11 and Grade 12 ABM

students. This will provide the difference of knowledge for both grades in Senior High

School.

10
 The application that was used to compute the required statistics was jamovi. The

table below was used to interpret the means obtained for the analyses under thee first

and second research questions.

Table 1. Interpretation of the means for consumer rights awareness.

MEAN QUALITATIVE EXPLANATION

INTERPRETATION
4.21 – 5.00 Full Awareness Consumers are fully aware of a
brand, its products or services, and
what it has to offer.
3.41 – 4.20 High Awareness Consumers are aware of specific
products or services that can
address their needs.
2.61 – 3.40 Moderate Awareness Consumers are aware that
solutions exist for their problems
but may not be aware of specific
brands or products that can
address their needs.
1.81 – 2.60 Low Awareness Consumers are aware of their
needs but may not have identified
a specific solution yet.
1.00 – 1.80 Very Low Awareness Consumers are not aware of their
need that requires a solution.

11
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the gathered data and provides insightful presentations,

interpretations, corroborations, and implications of the results.

Level of Consumer Rights Awareness of Grade 11 and Grade 12 ABM Students at

BCNHS

Table 2. The level of consumer rights awareness of Grade 11 and Grade 12 ABM
students at BCNHS.
N G11 QUALITATIVE N G12 QUALITATIVE
ITEM
G11 MEAN INTERPRETATION G12 MEAN INTERPRETATION
A. RIGHT TO BASIC
NEEDS
A1. Store offers the basic
128 4.30 Full Awareness 137 3.91 High Awareness
goods that you need
A2. Store offers the basic
128 3.80 High Awareness 137 3.36 Neither Aware
goods at a fair price.
A3. Store is able to raise
the prices of goods anytime 128 3.42 High Awareness 137 3.36 Neither Aware
they want to
A4. You are able to
complain to the store if they
128 2.81 Neither Aware 137 2.77 Neither Aware
do not have what you
need.
A5. You can complain to
the store if their prices are 128 3.29 Neither Aware 137 3.25 Neither Aware
unreasonable
Part A Mean 128 3.53 Aware 137 3.33 Neither Aware

B. RIGHT TO SAFETY
B1. Majority of the goods
that you buy have safety 128 4.25 Full Awareness 137 3.91 High Awareness
precautions
B2. There are goods in the
store that are harmful to 128 3.77 High Awareness 137 3.60 High Awareness
health.
B3. You can return goods
to the store that are expired 128 4.25 Full Awareness 137 3.85 High Awareness
or obsolete.
B4. Store sells substandard
products that wear 127 3.47 High Awareness 136 3.17 Neither Aware
out/expire easily.
B5. You do not know if the
products you are buying 128 3.13 Neither Aware 137 3.07 Neither Aware
are safe or not.
Part B Mean 127 3.77 High Awareness 136 3.52 High Awareness

C. RIGHT TO

12
 INFORMATION
C1. Goods and products
are properly labeled
(expiration date, etc.) and 128 4.43 Full Awareness 137 4.17 High Awareness
contents are properly
indicated.
C2. The label gives enough
facts and information about
the products to enable 128 4.16 High Awareness 137 3.91 High Awareness
consumers to make wise
decisions in purchasing.
C3. Advertisements usually
present a true picture of the 128 3.76 Neither Aware 137 3.37 Neither Aware
products advertised.
C4. Advertised products
are generally more
128 3.85 High Awareness 137 3.53 High Awareness
dependable than
unadvertised products.
C5. Product warranties or
guarantees are properly 128 3.92 High Awareness 137 3.79 High Awareness
explained to you.
Part C Mean 128 4.03 High Awareness 137 3.75 High Awareness

D. RIGHT TO CHOOSE
D1. Store offers a wide
variety of product for 127 4.28 Full Awareness 137 4.10 High Awareness
consumers to choose from.
D2. Wide variety of
products makes intelligent 127 3.80 High Awareness 137 3.64 High Awareness
buying difficult.
D3. You choose highly-
priced goods because they 128 3.75 High Awareness 137 3.47 High Awareness
are better in quality.
D4. Advertisement
influences your choice of 128 3.86 High Awareness 137 3.76 High Awareness
what goods to buy.
D5. Store’s salesperson
128 3.60 High Awareness 137 3.72 High Awareness
influences your choice.
D. Mean 126 3.86 High Awareness 137 3.74 High Awareness

E. RIGHT TO
REPRESENTATION
E1. You know where to go
128 3.86 High Awareness 137 3.66 High Awareness
if you have a complaint.
E2. You know what to do if
128 3.90 High Awareness 137 3.61 High Awareness
you have a complaint.
E3. Store is more sensitive
to consumers’ complaints 128 3.72 High Awareness 137 3.61 High Awareness
now than in the past
E4. When you have
problems with products you
have purchased, it is 128 3.73 High Awareness 137 3.47 High Awareness
usually easy to return
them.
Part E Mean 128 3.80 High Awareness 137 3.59 High Awareness

F. RIGHT TO REDRESS
F1. Store encourages the
return of products if
128 3.83 High Awareness 137 3.57 High Awareness
consumers are not
satisfied.
F2. The quality of service 128 3.71 High Awareness 137 3.61 High Awareness
13
 provided by the store to
complaining customers is
getting better.
Part F Mean 128 3.77 High Awareness 137 3.59 High Awareness

G. RIGHT TO CONSUMER
EDUCATION
G1. You welcome laws that
will protect consumers
128 4.31 Full Awareness 137 3.98 High Awareness
against malpractices in the
marketplace.
G2. You will participate in
seminars on consumer 128 3.63 High Awareness 137 3.31 Neither Aware
education.
Part G Mean 128 3.97 High Awareness 137 3.65 High Awareness

H. RIGHT TO A HEALTHY
ENVIRONMENT
H1. You consider
environmental pollution a
128 4.23 Full Awareness 137 3.96 High Awareness
major responsibility of
business establishments.
H2. You will pay higher
prices for products that will
128 3.80 High Awareness 137 3.46 High Awareness
cause less environmental
pollution.
H3. Business
establishments are
128 3.77 High Awareness 137 3.52 High Awareness
concerned about
environmental pollution.
Part H Mean 128 3.93 High Awareness 137 3.65 High Awareness

OVERALL MEAN 128 3.67 High Awareness 137 3.45 High Awareness

Interpretations: 1.00 to 1.80 – Very Low Awareness; 1.81 to 2.60 – Low Awareness; 2.61 to 3.40 – Moderate
Awareness; 3.41 to 4.20 – Aware; 4.21 to 5.00 – Full Awareness

The table above shows that Grade 11 ABM students have a high level of

awareness with an overall mean of 3.67 while Grade 12 ABM students have a high level

of awareness with an overall mean of 3.45. This implies that ABM students are aware of

specific products or services that can address their needs.

The findings of this study on the level of consumer rights awareness of Grade 11

and Grade 12 students ABM students support the conclusion of Gonzalez (2021)

conducted in (locale of study) with (population of study) respondents. In the research of

Gonzales (2012), the results show that ABM students are regularly practicing their

consumer rights.

14
 The survey results suggest that consumers have a moderate to high level of

awareness regarding their rights. However, there is still a need for improvement

particularly in the areas of consumer education and maintaining a healthy environment

in the market. It is important to conduct ongoing consumer education programs to

increase awareness and enable individuals to make informed decisions. (cite reasons)

Level of Consumer Rights Awareness of ABM Students

Table 3. The level of consumer rights awareness of ABM students.

ITEM N MEAN QUALITATIVE INTERPRETATION

A. RIGHT TO BASIC NEEDS
A1. Store offers the basic goods that you need. 265 4.10 High Awareness
A2. Store offers the basic goods at a fair price. 265 3.57 High Awareness
A3. Store is able to raise the prices of goods
265 3.39 Moderate Awareness
anytime they want to.
A4. You are able to complain to the store if they
265 2.79 Moderate Awareness
do not have what you need.
A5. You can complain to the store if their prices
265 3.27 Moderate Awareness
are unreasonable.
Part A Mean 265 3.42 High Awareness

B. RIGHT TO SAFETY
B1. Majority of the goods that you buy have
265 4.07 High Awareness
safety precautions.
B2. There are goods in the store that are
265 3.68 High Awareness
harmful to health.
B3. You can return goods to the store that are
265 4.05 High Awareness
expired or obsolete.
B4. Store sells substandard products that wear
263 3.32 Moderate Awareness
out/expire easily.
B5. You do not know if the products you are
265 3.10 Moderate Awareness
buying are safe or not.
Part B Mean 263 3.64 High Awareness

C.RIGHT TO INFORMATION
C1. Goods and products are properly labeled
(expiration date, etc.) and contents are properly 265 4.29 Full Awareness
indicated.
C2. The label gives enough facts and
information about the products to enable
265 4.03 High Awareness
consumers to make wise decisions in
purchasing.
C3. Advertisements usually present a true
265 3.56 High Awareness
picture of the products advertised.
15
C4. Advertised products are generally more
265 3.68 High Awareness
dependable than unadvertised products.
C5. Product warranties or guarantees are
265 3.85 High Awareness
properly explained to you.
Part C Mean 265 3.88 High Awareness

D. RIGHT TO CHOOSE
D1. Store offers a wide variety of product for
264 4.19 High Awareness
consumers to choose from.
D2. Wide variety of products makes intelligent
264 3.72 High Awareness
buying difficult.
D3. You choose highly-priced goods because
265 3.61 High Awareness
they are better in quality.
D4. Advertisement influences your choice of
265 3.81 High Awareness
what goods to buy.
D5. Store’s salesperson influences your choice. 265 3.66 High Awareness
Part D Mean 263 3.80 High Awareness

E. RIGHT TO REPRESENTATION
E1. You know where to go if you have a
265 3.75 High Awareness
complaint.
E2. You know what to do if you have a
265 3.75 High Awareness
complaint.
E3. Store is more sensitive to consumers’
265 3.66 High Awareness
complaints now than in the past.
E4. When you have problems with products you
have purchased, it is usually easy to return 265 3.60 High Awareness
them.
Part E Mean 265 3.69 High Awareness

F. RIGHT TO REDRESS
F1. Store encourages the return of products if
265 3.69 High Awareness
consumers are not satisfied.
F2. The quality of service provided by the store
265 3.66 High Awareness
to complaining customers is getting better.
Part F Mean 265 3.68 High Awareness

G. RIGHT TO CONSUMER EDUCATION

G1. You welcome laws that will protect
consumers against malpractices in the 265 4.14 High Awareness
marketplace.
G2. You will participate in seminars on consumer
265 3.46 High Awareness
education.
Part G Mean 265 3.80 High Awareness

H. RIGHT TO A HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT

H1. You consider environmental pollution a
265 4.09 High Awareness
major responsibility of business establishments.
H2. You will pay higher prices for products that
265 3.63 High Awareness
will cause less environmental pollution.
H3. Business establishments are concerned
265 3.64 High Awareness
about environmental pollution.
Part H Mean 265 3.79 High Awareness
265 3.55 High Awareness
OVERALL MEAN

16
Interpretations: 1.00 to 1.80 – Very Low Awareness; 1.81 to 2.60 – Low Awareness; 2.61 to 3.40 – Moderate
Awareness; 3.41 to 4.20 – Aware; 4.21 to 5.00 – Full Awareness

The table indicates the level of consumer rights awareness of both Grade 11 and

Grade 12 ABM students. There is a high level of awareness of their right to basic needs

with a mean of 3.42. There is a high level of awareness of their right to safety with a

mean of 3.63. There is a high level of awareness of their right to information with a

mean of 3.88. There is a high level of awareness of their right to choose with a mean of

3.80. There is a high level of awareness of their right to representation with a mean of

3.69. There is a high level of awareness of their right to redress with a mean of 3.68.

There is a high level of awareness of their right to consumer education with a mean of

3.80. There is a high level of awareness of their right to a healthy environment with a

mean of 3.79. Overall, both Grade 11 and Grade 12 ABM students have a high level of

awareness of their consumer rights with a mean of 3.55.

(Corroboration)

According to the research study's findings, ABM students have a high level of

consumer rights awareness, which indicates that they are aware of and have an

understanding of their legal rights as consumers. Because they are aware of their rights

as consumers, students can feel comfortable addressing concerns about the goods and

services they will utilize. While most students have a good to moderate understanding

of consumer rights, there are still areas that might use development, such as

understanding basic needs and awareness of safety. It's crucial to recognize that these

two rights are among the most significant ones. In order to help students improve their

understanding of consumer rights, they must undertake consumer awareness exercises

17
and teach them the fundamental rights of consumers such as taking educational training

about consumer rights as a part of their education in ABM.

Comparison Between the Consumer Rights Awareness of Grade 11 and Grade

12 ABM Students

Table 4. The comparison between the consumer rights awareness of Grade 11 and
Grade 12 ABM students.
COMPARED GROUPS T-STATISTIC P-VALUE
Grade 11 and Grade 12 3.14 < .001*
Students of ABM
*Significant for p < 0.05

Independent samples t-test was used to compare the Grade 11 and Grade 12

ABM students’ consumer rights awareness. The table above shows p < 0.05 which

indicates that there is a significant difference between the consumer rights awareness

of Grade 11 and Grade 12 ABM students at BCNHS. Therefore, the hypothesis of no

significant differences between grade levels is rejected.

The result is supported by the research conducted by De Guzman, Pimentel,

Quiton, Santiago, and Semeniano (2018). Based on their research, almost all Grade 12

ABM students are aware of their consumer rights. (revise)

Therefore, this implies that eme eme.

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 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter summarizes the findings and provides recommended actions based

on the findings.

Conclusions

The following conclusions are drawn based on the findings.

1. ABM students in Grade 11 and Grade 12 have a moderate to high level of

awareness about consumer rights. With higher awareness of product safety, but a lack

of knowledge in consumer education, emphasizing the need for continuous education

on consumer awareness.

2. Both Grade 11 and 12 ABM students demonstrate a basic awareness of all

eight fundamental rights. This outcome highlights the effectiveness of educational

programs and regulatory measures in informing consumers about their rights but also

highlights the importance of empowering young consumers with the essential

knowledge to navigate the marketplace confidently.

3. This study found significant differences in consumer rights awareness between

Grade 11 and Grade 12 ABM students. (revise)

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 Recommendations

The following recommendations are drawn based on the conclusions.

1. Implement ongoing programs focused on consumer education and ethical

consumption to enhance the level of awareness.

2. It is recommended that educational institutions continue to prioritize consumer

rights education as an integral part of the curriculum for Grade 11 and 12 students, not

only for the ABM strands but every other strand as well.

3. Teachers can integrate basic knowledge of consumer rights to students.

Consumer rights can be discussed during business-related topics in ABM specialized

subjects and can also be discussed in the applied subject Entrepreneurship for Grade

11 students. Future researchers can also conduct a qualitative case on the consumer

rights awareness of ABM students in their Grade 11 and Grade 12 to supplement the

findings of this study.

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http://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12170
De Guzman, C. M. F., Pimentel, J. K. C., Quiton, E. A. M., Santiago, C., & Semeniano, I.
C. (2018). Awareness of Grade 12 ABM Students in the University of the East-
Caloocan in the Second Semester of SY 2017-2018 Regarding on Their Basic
Rights as a Consumer. University of the East-Caloocan. Scribd.
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Students-Regarding-on-Their-Basic-Consumer-Rights-1
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your rights as a consumer.
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exercise-your-rights-as-a-consumer/
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Ibarra, V. & Revilla, C. (2014). Consumers’ awareness on their eight basic rights: A
comparative study of Filipinos in the Philippines and Guam.
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2655817
Ishak, S. & Zabil, N. F. M. (2012). Impact of consumer awareness and knowledge on
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explained. Feedough. https://www.feedough.com/consumer-awareness/
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 https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1992/04/13/republic-act-no-7394-s-1992/?
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awareness

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 APPENDIX A
Survey on Consumer Rights Awareness
Adopted from Consumers’ awareness on their eight basic rights: A comparative study of Filipinos in the Philippines and
Guam (Ibarra & Revilla, 2014).
Dear respondents,
Thank you for participating in this survey provided by ABM-2 Group 1 for their research titled “The Comparison of
Consumer Rights Awareness Between Grade 11 and Grade 12 Senior High School Accountancy, Business and
Management Students at Baguio City National High School”. Please answer it in your spare time and rest assured that all
information provided will be strictly confidential. Your feedback is valuable in helping the researchers understand the level
of consumer rights awareness in our community. Please answer the following questions honestly and to the best of your
knowledge.

NAME (Optional): ______________________ Grade Level: ____________

DEFINITION OF TERMS:
Full Awareness (5) - Consumers are fully aware of a brand, its products or services, and what it has to offer.
High Awareness (4) - Consumers are aware of specific products or services that can address their needs.
Moderate Awareness (3) - Consumers are aware that solutions exist for their problems but may not be aware of specific
brands or products that can address their needs.
Low Awareness (2) - Consumers are aware of their needs but may not have identified a specific solution yet.
Very Low Awareness (1) - Consumers are not aware of their need that requires a solution.
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: Please rate the following statements on consumer rights awareness based on your level of
awareness and put a checkmark (✓) on the corresponding tables.

I. Consumer Rights Awareness

A. RIGHT TO BASIC NEEDS
Statement
5 4 3 2 1

A1. Store offers the basic goods that you need.

A2. Store offers the basic goods at a fair price.
A3. Store is able to raise the prices of goods anytime they want to.
A4. You are able to complain to the store if they do not have what you need.
A5. You can complain to the store if their prices are unreasonable.

B. RIGHT TO SAFETY
Statement
5 4 3 2 1

B1. Majority of the goods that you buy have safety precautions.
B2. There are goods in the store that are harmful to health.
B3. You can return goods to the store that are expired or obsolete.
B4. Store sells substandard products that wear out/expire easily.
B5. You do not know if the products you are buying are safe or not.

C. RIGHT TO INFORMATION
Statement
5 4 3 2 1
C1. Goods and products are properly labeled (expiration date, etc.) and
contents are properly indicated.
C2. The label gives enough facts and information about the products to enable
consumers to make wise decisions in purchasing.
C3. Advertisements usually present a true picture of the products advertised.
C4. Advertised products are generally more dependable than unadvertised
products.
C5. Product warranties or guarantees are properly explained to you.

D. RIGHT TO CHOOSE

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 Statement
5 4 3 2 1

D1. Store offers a wide variety of product for consumers to choose from.
D2. Wide variety of products makes intelligent buying difficult.
D3. You choose highly-priced goods because they are better in quality.
D4. Advertisement influences your choice of what goods to buy.
D5. Store’s salesperson influences your choice.

E. RIGHT TO REPRESENTATION
Statement
5 4 3 2 1

E1. You know where to go if you have a complaint.

E2. You know what to do if you have a complaint.
E3. Store is more sensitive to consumers’ complaints now than in the past.
E4. When you have problems with products you have purchased, it is
usually easy to return them.

F. RIGHT TO REDRESS
Statement
5 4 3 2 1

F1. Store encourages the return of products if consumers are not satisfied.
F2. The quality of service provided by the store to complaining customers is
getting better.

G. RIGHT TO CONSUMER EDUCATION

Statement
5 4 3 2 1
G1. You welcome laws that will protect consumers against malpractices in the
marketplace.
G2. You will participate in seminars on consumer education.

H. RIGHT TO A HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT

Statement
5 4 3 2 1
H1. You consider environmental pollution a major responsibility of business
establishments.
H2. You will pay higher prices for products that will cause less environmental
pollution.
H3. Business establishments are concerned about environmental pollution.

Reference:
Ibarra, V. & Revilla, C. (2014). Consumers’ awareness on their eight basic rights: A comparative study of Filipinos in the Philippines and
Guam. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2655817

Prepared by:
Jhule Ashle B. Baladad Rhexel Grace N. Pusot
Andrianne W. Beniahan Janalei M. Sibayan
Sam Dharwin R. Edades Paulycriz M. Valdez
Reyah Dane P. Ferrer Kempee E. Villanueva
Philip Carlo C. Mangligot Jessica V. Wales

Checked by:

CHRISTOPHER NASH A. JASMIN ANGELINE G. GARCIA DENVER G. ALIWANA

Research Adviser Panel Member Panel Member

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