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Getting ready for our test. Use this guide to prepare yourself for the coming test.

Do not forget that you already have a question bank about immunity and virus infections.

Immunity

a) * What are the parts of innate immunity?

Answer the following questions.

a) What is the difference between food chains and food web?

b) Which one has a single pathway where food or energy moves? (food chain, food web)

c) Which organism occupies the apex of the energy pyramid? Do they have a lot of energy or less energy than
the others?

*Complete the food chain with the missing parts. Names of the levels and the names of the living beings.
*Complete the energy pyramid Ecosystem Galapagos with the names of the different energy levels and the
living beings that belong to each level.
You already have this answer.
Question #1
1.What is the function of the immune system? (value 1)
2.From the following list choose the cells that belong to each type of immunity in innate or acquired immunity.
(value 6 one for each cell in the correct immunity)

Innate immunity Acquired immunity.

3.In our body we have three different lines of defense. Which one is the slowest first, second or third line of
defense? And why? (value 2 one for each correct answer)
4. Which line of defense is the fastest? Why? (value 2 one for each correct answer)
5. Name 3 physical barriers of the immune system. (Value 3 one for each correct answer)
6. What is the function of the third line of defense? (1)
7. When the IgG is positive? (1)
8. When the IgM is positive? (1)
Questions #2 Immune system lines of defense *10. Which line of defense includes physical barriers
*1. Which of the following represents the first line of like the skin and mucous
defense in the immune system? membranes?
a. T cells a. First line of defense
b. Antibodies b. Second line of defense
c. Mucus membranes c. Third line of defense
d. red blood cells d. Fourth line of defense
2. What is the main function of macrophages in the 11. Which type of immunity is acquired through
immune system? vaccination?
a. Produce antibodies a. Passive immunity
b. Engulf and digest pathogens. b. Innate immunity
c. Regulate body temperature. c. Active immunity
d. Transport oxygen d. Adaptive immunity
3. How do natural killer cells contribute to the immune 12. Which cells are responsible for engulfing and
response? digesting pathogens in the immune system?
a. Secrete histamines a. T cells
b. Produce mucus b. B cells
c. Destroy infected body cells. c. Macrophages
d. Promote blood clotting. d. Natural killer cells
4. Which of the following is NOT part of the third line of 13. Which cells release histamine during an allergic
defense in the immune system? response?
a. Memory B cells a. T cells
b. Cytotoxic T cells b. B cells
c. Natural killer cells c. Basophils
d. Plasma cells d. Eosinophils
5. Where do B cells mature and differentiate into 14. Which cells engage in the recognition of self and
plasma cells? non-self-antigens?
a. Bone marrow a. Neutrophils
b. Thymus gland b. Monocytes
c. Spleen c. Lymphocytes
d. Lymph nodes d. Basophils
6. Which of the following cells are responsible for the 15. The inflammatory response is part of which line of
rapid response in a secondary immune response? defense in the immune system?
a. Memory B cells a. First line of defense
b. Helper T cells b. Second line of defense
c. Basophils c. Third line of defense
d. Eosinophils d. Fourth line of defense
7. Which cells are responsible for antibody production
in the immune system?
a. T cells
b. B cells
c. Natural killer cells
d. Phagocytes Question #3 virus infections symptoms and
8. Which of the following is not a type of white blood transmission
cell involved in the immune response? 1. Which of the following diseases is transmitted
a. Neutrophils through the bite of an infected mosquito?
b. Lymphocytes a. Dengue
c. Erythrocytes b. Chickenpox
d. Monocytes c. Measles
9. What is the role of T cells in the immune system? d. Rabies
a. Produce antibodies 2. What is the main symptom of chikungunya?
b. Kill infected cells. a. Blisters
c. Engulf pathogens. b. High fever and rash
d. Produce histamine c. Joint pain
d. Cough b. Drinking icy water
*3. How is measles primarily spread? c. Avoiding vegetables.
a. Through mosquito bites d. Taking daily vitamins.
b. By physical contact 13. What is a typical indication of measles infection in
c. Through contaminated food or water a person?
d. Through respiratory droplets a. Baldness
*4. Which of the following is a common cause of rabies b. Bruising easily
transmission to humans? c. Koplik spots in the mouth
a. Contaminated food d. Webbed fingers
b. Infected animal bites 14. Which of the following is a vital step in preventing
c. Sharing personal items. rabies after an animal bite?
d. Swimming in contaminated water a. Applying butter to the wound.
5. What is the recommended method for preventing b. Washing the wound thoroughly with soap and water.
chickenpox? c. Ignoring the injury.
a. Getting regular vaccinations. d. Rubbing alcohol on the wound.
b. Eating raw garlic. 15. What is an effective way to prevent the spread of
c. Avoiding fruits. chickenpox in a community?
d. Exercising outdoors a. Sharing clothing items
6. Which of the following symptoms is NOT typically b. Hosting large gatherings
associated with dengue fever? c. Isolating infected individuals.
a. Severe headache d. Going swimming.
b. Joint and muscle pain 16. Which symptom is common in severe cases of
c. Hallucinations dengue fever?
d. Skin rash a. Sleepiness
7. What is one of the ways to evaluate the severity of b. Aggressive behavior
chikungunya infection? c. Respiratory distress
a. Blood test d. Vomiting blood
b. Eye examination 17. The primary method of diagnosing chikungunya is
c. Listening to the heartbeat. through:
d. Measuring height a. Physical examination
8. How can measles be prevented? b. X-rays
a. washing hands frequently c. Blood tests
b. Avoiding crowded places. d. Urine analysis
c. Applying sunscreen. 18. What is the most characteristic feature of
d. Completing the MMR vaccination. chickenpox rash?
9. Which animal is most commonly associated with the a. large welts
transmission of rabies? b. red lines
a. Monkeys c. Fluid-filled blisters
b. Dogs d. White patches
c. Cats 19. Which of the following actions can help prevent
d. Birds the transmission of dengue fever?
10. What can help reduce the risk of chickenpox a. Leaving standing water in the open
transmission? b. Keeping windows open all the time.
a. Drinking unpasteurized milk c. Using mosquito nets.
b. Avoiding close contact with infected individuals. d. Skipping meals.
c. Sleeping with windows open.
d. Eating raw meat.
11. A common symptom of dengue fever is:
a. Difficulty breathing
b. Yellowing of the skin
c. Loss of taste
d. Severe joint pain
12. How can chikungunya fever be prevented?
a. Using mosquito repellent.