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    Comparator Report

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    adityamukherjee.dgp
    This document describes a circuit that uses operational amplifiers as comparators to light specific LEDs depending on the voltage level, with LED D3 lighting between 2.25V and 4.5V, LED D2 between 4.5V and 6.75V, and LED D1 between 6.75V and 9V. The circuit provides a visual indication of the voltage level. It has applications for monitoring battery levels, temperature, and as a proximity detector.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Comparator Report

    Uploaded by

    adityamukherjee.dgp
    10 views2 pages
    This document describes a circuit that uses operational amplifiers as comparators to light specific LEDs depending on the voltage level, with LED D3 lighting between 2.25V and 4.5V, LED D2 between 4.5V and 6.75V, and LED D1 between 6.75V and 9V. The circuit provides a visual indication of the voltage level. It has applications for monitoring battery levels, temperature, and as a proximity detector.

    Original Description:

    Contains a paper on as to how to design a simple comparator circuit using op amps.

    Original Title

    Comparator report

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    This document describes a circuit that uses operational amplifiers as comparators to light specific LEDs depending on the voltage level, with LED D3 lighting between 2.25V and 4.5V, LED D2 between 4.5V and 6.75V, and LED D1 between 6.75V and 9V. The circuit provides a visual indication of the voltage level. It has applications for monitoring battery levels, temperature, and as a proximity detector.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    10 views2 pages

    Comparator Report

    Uploaded by

    adityamukherjee.dgp
    This document describes a circuit that uses operational amplifiers as comparators to light specific LEDs depending on the voltage level, with LED D3 lighting between 2.25V and 4.5V, LED D2 between 4.5V and 6.75V, and LED D1 between 6.75V and 9V. The circuit provides a visual indication of the voltage level. It has applications for monitoring battery levels, temperature, and as a proximity detector.

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    You are on page 1of 2

    Aditya Mukherjee

    22ME10106
    Mechatronics Assignment 1

    LED-BASED VOLTAGE INDICATOR/BAR GRAPH VOLTMETER

    AIM
    This report explains how we created a circuit to show different voltage levels using three LEDs. The circuit uses four
    op-amps as comparators and lights up the LEDs at specific voltage points (2.25V, 4.5V, and 6.75V) for a clear visual
    indication of the voltage level.

    ITEMS
     Op AMP(Op07)
     LED(Yellow, Red, Green)
     Resistors(1K, 4.7K)

    CIRCUIT SCHEMATIC
    WORKING PRINCIPLE
    The purpose of this circuit is to illuminate a specific LED based on a
    given voltage range. In this setup, LED D3 lights up when the voltage
    is between 2.25V and 4.5V, LED D2 lights up between 4.5V and 6.75V,
    and LED D1 lights up between 6.75V and 9V. Four 1KΩ resistors are
    used to create voltages of 9V, 6.75V, 4.5V, and 2.25V in the schematic.

    To achieve this, we use an operational amplifier as a switch based on


    a reference voltage. For example, if the reference voltage (Vref) is set to 2.25V, the operational amplifier acts as an
    on-off device, producing a high voltage of +Vcc and -Vcc during operation.
    V0 = A x (Vref – Vi)
    = A x Vd
    If V0 > Vsat = Vcc
    => V0 = Vcc
    Else if V0 < Vsat = -Vcc
    => V0 = -Vcc

    For a practical OP-Amp: A ~ 105, and the applied voltages all lie in the ranges of 1V – 10V, hence the only two outputs
    possible are –Vcc and +Vcc.

    In the circuit demonstrated above, when


     0 < Vin < 2.25V, VA = VB = VC = VD = -9V => all LEDs are in off state.
     2.25V < Vin < 4.5V, VA = VB = VC = -9V and VD = +9V => VDC > 0 => only D3 is on
     4.5V < Vin < 6.75V, VA = VB = -9V and VC = VD = +9V => VCB > 0 => only D2 is on
     6.75 < Vin < 9V, VA = -9V and VB = VC = VD = +9V => VAB > 0 => only D1 is on

    APPLICATION
     The provided circuit is versatile for monitoring battery levels in home appliances like a battery inverter.
     For temperature monitoring, connect the circuit to a standard temperature sensor (Vin) and adjust reference
    voltages precisely. LEDs can then indicate specific temperatures, such as 298K, 323K, 348K, etc.
     As a proximity detector, utilize an infrared sensor as an input to signal the proximity of a target obstacle.

    REFERENCES
    https://www.tutorialspoint.com/linear_integrated_circuits_applications/
    linear_integrated_circuits_applications_comparators.htm

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