Analog and Interface Product Solutions

Battery Power Applications Design Guide

Powering Your Portable Design

Design ideas in this guide are based on

many of Microchip’s Power Management products.
A complete device list and corresponding data sheets
for these products can be found at www.microchip.com.

www.microchip.com/battery
DC/DC Conversion
Linear Regulators of the output transistor and to minimize the gate drive
Closed loop control with linear regulators. Often the voltage requirements. LDOs can operate with a very small input to
source is “incompatible” with the load. A buffer needs to be output differential.
placed between the source and load to regulate or control MCP1703 Linear Regulator Features
the voltage and/or current. ■ 2.0 µA Typical Quiescent Current
Linear regulators provide closed loop control to “regulate” ■ Input Operating Voltage Range: 2.7V to 16V
the voltage at the load. A basic linear regulator has three ■ Low Dropout Voltage:
main components: an operational amplifier, a voltage – 625 mV (typ.) @ 250 mA (Vout = 2.8V)
reference and a pass transistor. The main purpose of a linear ■ 250 mA Output Current for Output Voltages ≥ 2.5V
regulator is to produce a constant, accurate output voltage at ■ 200 mA Output Current for Output Voltages < 2.5V
a lower magnitude than the input voltage. ■ High-Accuracy Output Voltage: ±2% (max.)
■ Low Temperature Drift: ±100 ppm/°C (typ.)
Beyond the basics, linear regulators often offer additional ■ Excellent Line Regulation: 0.2%/V (typ.)
features: overcurrent protection, thermal protection and ■ Package Options: 3-pin SOT-23A, 3-pin SOT-89 and
reversed polarity protection to name a few. 3-pin SOT-223
Microchip offers a line of CMOS, low dropout linear ■ Short Circuit Protection and Thermal Shutdown Protection
regulators. A low dropout regulator is a type of linear ■ Stable with 1.0 mF to 22 mF Output Capacitance
regulator designed to minimize the saturation voltage

MCP1703 Linear Regulator

IN Battery
CIN
1 µF Ceramic
a

C
1 µF Ceramic MCP1703

Product Specifications: Linear Regulators

Max. Output Typical Typical Dropout
Output
Device Input Current Active Voltage @ Max. Features Packages
Voltage (V)
Voltage (mA) Current (mA) Iout (mV)
Shutdown, Power good output with 3-pin SOT-23A/SOT-89,
MCP1700 6.0 1.2-5.0 250 1.6 178
adjustable delay 3-pin TO-92
3-pin SOT-23A, 3-pin SOT-89,
MCP1702 13.2 1.2-5.0 250 2 650 Low quiescent current
TO-92-3
3-pin SOT-23A, 3-pin SOT 89,
MCP1703 16 1.2-5.0 250 2 625 Low quiescent current
3-pin SOT-223
Shutdown, Power good output with
MCP1725 6.0 0.8-5.0 500 120 210 8-pin 2x3 DFN, SOIC-8 Pb-free
adjustable delay
Shutdown, Power good output with
MCP1726 6.0 0.8-5.0 1000 140 250 8-pin 2x3 DFN, SOIC-8 Pb-free
adjustable delay
Shutdown, Power good output with
MCP1727 6.0 0.8-5.0 1000 140 330 8-pin 2x3 DFN, SOIC-8 Pb-free
adjustable delay
3-pin SOT-23A, 3-pin SOT-89,
MCP1804 28 1.8-18 150 50 1300 Shutdown
5-pin SOT-23, 5-pin SOT-89
MCP1824 6 0.8-5.0 300 120 200 Shutdown, Power good 5-pin SOT-223, 5-pin SOT-23
MCP1827/
6.0 0.8-5.0 1500 120 330 Shutdown, Power good DDPAK-5, TO-220-5 Pb-free
MCP1827S
TC1016 6.0 1.8-3.0 80 50 150 Shutdown 5-pin SC-70
TC1017 6.0 1.8-4.0 150 53 285 Shutdown 5-pin SC-70/SOT-23A
TC2185 6.0 1.8-3.3 150 55 140 Shutdown, Reference bypass input 5-pin SOT-23A
TC2186 6.0 1.8-3.3 150 55 140 Shutdown, Error output 5-pin SOT-23A

2 Battery Power Applications Design Guide

DC/DC Conversion
Switch-mode Power Converter TC1303B Synchronous Buck Regulator + LDO Features
Employing a switch-mode power converter. Another ■ Dual-Output Regulator (500 mA Buck Regulator and
approach to transferring the battery energy to the system 300 mA Low-Dropout Regulator)
load is to employ a switch-mode power converter. The ■ Power-Good Output with 300 ms Delay
primary advantage of a switch-mode power converter is that ■ Total Device Quiescent Current = 65 mA (typ.)
it can, ideally, accomplish power conversion and regulation ■ Independent Shutdown for Buck and LDO Outputs
at 100% efficiency. All power loss is due to non-ideal ■ Both Outputs Internally Compensated
components and power loss in the control circuit. ■ Synchronous Buck Regulator:
– Typical Efficiency: Over 90%
The buck converter is an inductor based switch-mode power
– 2.0 MHz Fixed-Frequency PWM (Heavy Load)
converter used to step-down an input source to a lower
– Low Output Noise
magnitude output. The buck converter goes by many names:
– Automatic PWM/PFM Mode Transition
voltage step-down converter, DC-to-DC converter, chopper
– Adjustable (0.8-4.5V) and Standard Fixed-Output
converter, etc. No matter what the name, inductor based,
Voltages (0.8V, 1.2V, 1.5V, 1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V)
buck derived, switch-mode converters account for 80% to ■ Low-Dropout Regulator:
90% of all converters sold.
– Low-Dropout Voltage = 137 mV (Typical @ 200 mA)
Microchip offers inductor based buck regulators and – Standard Fixed-Output Voltages (1.5V, 1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V)
controllers. The distinction is whether or not the switch ■ Power-Good Function: TC1303B Monitors LDO Output
(MOSFET) is internal to the device (regulator) or controlled ■ Small 10-pin 3x3 DFN or MSOP Package Options
externally (controller). The schematic represented here ■ Operating Junction Temperature Range: -40°C to +125°C
depicts a MCP1601 buck regulator with its associated ■ UVLO (Under Voltage Lock Out)
external components. ■ Output Short Circuit Protection
■ Overtemperature Protection
■ Excellent Bluetooth Applications
TC1303B Synchronous Buck Regulator
e c o
e S P

VIN VIN V T
V
VIN

V T

Processor
V
RESET
P

TC1303B

Product Specifications: Switching Regulators/Controllers

Input
Output Control
Device Output Buck/Boost Voltage Features Packages
Voltage (V) Scheme
Range (V)
MCP1601 Adjustable Step-Down 2.7-5.5 0.9 to Vin PWM/PFM/LDO UVLO, Auto switching, LDO 8-pin MSOP
UVLO, Automatic PWM to PFM mode
Fixed or 5-pin TSOT
MCP1603 Step-Down 2.7-5.5 0.8-4.5 PFM/PWM transition, Overtemperature protection, Low
Adjustable 8-pin 2x3 DFN
quiescent current, Low shutdown current
MCP1612 Adjustable Step-Down 2.7-5.5 0.8-5.5 PWM UVLO, Soft-start, 1.4 MHz, 1A 8-pin MSOP/DFN
TC105 Fixed Step-Down 2.2-10 3.0-5.0 PFM/PWM Low-power shutdown mode 5-pin SOT-23A
TC110 Fixed Step-Up 2.0-10 3.0-5.0 PFM/PWM Soft-start, Low-power shutdown mode 5-pin SOT-23A
Feedback voltage sensing, Low-power
TC115 Fixed Step-Up 0.9-10 3.0-5.0 PFM/PWM 5-pin SOT-89
shutdown mode
UVLO, Overtemperature protection,
TC1303A/ Fixed or Output short circuit protection, 10-pin DFN
Step-Down 2.7-5.5 0.8-4.5 PFM/PWM
B/C Adjustable Power-good, Independent shut down, 10-pin MSOP
Synchronous buck + LDO
UVLO, Overtemperature protection,
10-pin DFN
Fixed or Output short circuit protection,
TC1304 Step-Down 2.7-5.5 0.8-4.5 PFM/PWM 10-pin MSOP
Adjustable Power-good, synchronous buck + LDO,
Sequenced startup and shutdown
UVLO, Output short circuit protection 10-pin DFN
Fixed or
TC1313 Step-Down 2.7-5.5 0.8-4.5 PFM/PWM Overtemperature protection, Independent 10-pin MSOP
Adjustable
shutdown for buck and LDO outputs

Battery Power Applications Design Guide 3

DC/DC Conversion
MCP1603 Synchronous Buck Regulator MCP1603 Synchronous Buck Regulator Features
The MCP1603 is a highly efficient, fully integrated 500 ■ Over 90% Typical Efficiency
mA synchronous buck regulator whose 2.7V to 5.5V input ■ Output Current Up To 500 mA
voltage range makes it ideally suited for applications ■ Low Quiescent Current = 45 μA, typical
powered from 1-cell Li-Ion or 2-cell/3-cell NiMH/NiCd ■ Low Shutdown Current = 0.1 μA, typical
batteries. At heavy loads, the MCP1603 operates in the 2.0 ■ Adjustable Output Voltage: 0.8V to 4.5V
MHz fixed frequency PWM mode which provides a low noise, ■ Fixed Output Voltage:
low output ripple, small-size solution. When the load is – 1.2V, 1.5V, 1.8V, 2.5V, and 3.3V
reduced to light levels, the MCP1603 automatically changes ■ 2.0 MHz Fixed-Frequency PWM (Heavy Load)
operation to a PFM mode to minimize quiescent current draw ■ Automatic PWM to PFM Mode Transition
from the battery. No intervention is necessary for a smooth ■ 100% Duty Cycle Operation
transition from one mode to another. These two modes ■ Internally Compensated
of operation allow the MCP1603 to achieve the highest ■ Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)
efficiency over the entire operating current range. ■ Overtemperature Protection
■ Space Saving Packages:
The MCP1603 is available with either an adjustable or fixed – 5-lead TSOT
output voltage. The available fixed output voltage options are – 8-pin 2x3 DFN
1.2V, 1.5V, 1.8V, 2.5V and 3.3V. When a fixed option is used,
only three additional small external components are needed Applications
to form a complete solution. Couple this with the low profile, ■ Cellular Telephones
small foot print packages and the entire system solution is ■ Portable Computers
achieved with minimal size. Additional protection features ■ Organizers/PDAs
include: UVLO, overtemperature and overcurrent protection. ■ USB Powered Devices
■ Digital Cameras
■ Portable Equipment
■ +5V or +3.3V Distributed Systems

MCP1603 Synchronous Buck Regulator

VIN LX

DN

GND VOUT

MCP1603

4 Battery Power Applications Design Guide

Li-Ion Battery Management
Li-Ion Battery Charge Management Control MCP73832 Battery Charger Features
Linear charge management control. Far too often, the ■ Linear Charge Management Controller
battery charging system is given low priority, especially ■ Integrated Pass Transistor
in cost sensitive applications. However, the quality of the ■ Integrated Current Sense
charging system plays a key role in the life and reliability of ■ Reverse Discharge Protection
the battery. ■ High Accuracy Preset Voltage Regulation: +0.75%
■ Four Voltage Regulation Options:
Microchip offers a complete line of linear Li-Ion battery – 4.20V, 4.35V, 4.40V and 4.50V
chargers. The Li-Ion Charge Management Controllers provide ■ Programmable Charge Current
a reliable, low-cost and high accuracy voltage regulation ■ Selectable Preconditioning
solution with few external components. In an effort to further ■ Selectable End-of-Charge Control
reduce the size, cost and complexity. The MCP7383X family ■ Charge Status Output
provides fully integrated charge management controllers for ■ Automatic Power-Down
single-cell Li-Ion and Li-Polymer batteries with four voltage ■ Thermal Regulation
regulation options (4.2V, 4.35V, 4.40V, 4.50V) available. ■ Temperature Range: -40°C to +85°C
In order to supply world-class portable devices, most ■ Packaging:
of Microchip’s Li-Ion Battery Management Controllers – 8-pin 2x3 DFN
are equipped with thermal regulation, reverse discharge – 5-lead SOT-23
protection, safety charge timer and integrated current Additional MCP73833 Battery Charger Features
sensing. The programmable constant charge current can ■ Programmable Charge Current: 1A Maximum
assist customers in meeting different applications with a ■ Two Charge Status Outputs
single resistor. Along with their small physical size, the low ■ Low-Dropout Linear Regulator Mode
number of external components required makes Microchip’s ■ Numerous Selectable Options Available for a Variety of
battery management ICs ideally suited for portable Applications
applications. ■ Available Packages:
– 10-pin 3x3 DFN
– MSOP-10

Regulated 3.3V, Low-Ripple Charge Pump with Low-Operating Current Sleep Mode or Bypass Mode

VIN

VIN

Battery Power Applications Design Guide 5

Li-Ion Battery Management
Selected Product Specifications: Battery Charger Family
# of Vcc Range Max. Voltage Int/Ext
Device Mode Features
Cells (V) Regulation FET
MCP73113 Linear 1 4-16 ±0.5% Int 6.5V Overvoltage protection
MCP73114 Linear 1 4-16 ±0.5% Int 5.8V Overvoltage protection
MCP73123 Linear 1 4-16 ±0.5% Int 6.5V Overvoltage protection, LiFePO4 charging
MCP73213 Linear 2 4-16 ±0.6% Int 13V Overvoltage protection
MCP73223 Linear 2 4-16 ±0.6% Int 13V Overvoltage protection, LiFePO4 charging
USB selectable charge current, Thermal regulation, Automatic
MCP73811 Linear 1 3.75-6 ±1.0% Int
power-down, Charge enable
Programmable charge current, Thermal regulation, Automatic
MCP73812 Linear 1 3.75-6 ±1.0% Int
power-down, Charge enable
MCP73826 Linear 1 4.5-5.5 ±1.0% Ext Small size
MCP73827 Linear 1 4.5-5.5 ±1.0% Ext Mode indicator, Charge current monitor
MCP73828 Linear 1 4.5-5.5 ±1.0% Ext Temperature monitor
Programmable charge current, Thermal regulation, UVLO, Preconditioning
MCP73831 Linear 1 3.75-6 ±.75% Int
and end-of-charge ratio options
Programmable charge current, Thermal regulation, UVLO, Preconditioning
MCP73832 Linear 1 3.75-6 ±.75% Int
and end-of-charge ratio options
Programmable charge current, Thermal regulation, UVLO, Preconditioning
MCP73833 Linear 1 3.75-6 ±.75% Int
and end-of-charge ratio options
Programmable charge current, Thermal regulation, UVLO, Preconditioning
MCP73834 Linear 1 3.75-6 ±.75% Int
and end-of-charge ratio options
Dual input (USB, DC, input from adapter), Auto switching, UVLO, Thermal
MCP73837 Linear 1 3.7-6 ±0.75% Int
regulation, Thermistor input, Power good output
Dual input (USB, DC, input from adapter), Auto switching, UVLO, Thermal
MCP73838 Linear 1 3.7-6 ±0.75% Int
regulation, Timer enable input
MCP73841 Linear 1 4.5-12 ±0.5% Ext Safety charge timers, Temperature monitor
MCP73842 Linear 2 8.7-12 ±0.5% Ext Safety charge timers, Temperature monitor
MCP73843 Linear 1 4.5-12 ±0.5% Ext Safety charge timers
MCP73844 Linear 2 8.7-12 ±0.5% Ext Safety charge timers
USB control, Safety charge timers, Temperature monitor, Thermal
MCP73853 Linear 1 4.5-5.5 ±0.5% Int
regulation
MCP73855 Linear 1 4.5-5.5 ±0.5% Int USB control, Safety charge timers, Thermal regulation
MCP73861 Linear 1 4.5-12 ±0.5% Int Safety charge timers, Temperature monitor, Thermal regulation
MCP73862 Linear 2 8.7-12 ±0.5% Int Safety charge timers, Temperature monitor, Thermal regulation
Programmable safety charge timer, Temperature monitor, Thermal
MCP73863 Linear 1 4.5- 12 ±0.5% Int regulation, Programmable charge current, Auto recharge, Status and
fault indicator
Programmable safety charge timer, Temperature monitor, Thermal
MCP73864 Linear 2 8.7-12 ±0.5% Int regulation, Programmable charge current, Auto recharge, Status and
fault indicator

6 Battery Power Applications Design Guide

Li-Ion Battery Management
Intelligent Power Control Systems MCP1630 PWM Features
Intelligent, switch-mode charge management control. ■ High-Speed PWM Operation:
The MCP1630 is a high-speed, microcontroller-adaptable, –12 ns Current Sense to Output Delay
Pulse-Width Modulator (PWM) used to develop intelligent ■ Operating Temperature Range: -40°C - +125°C
power control systems. Combined with a microcontroller, the ■ Precise Peak Current Limit: ±5%
MCP1630 regulates output voltage or current by controlling ■ CMOS Output Driver (Drives MOSFET Driver or Low-Side
the power-system duty cycle. In the power control system, N-channel MOSFET Directly)
the microcontroller can be used to digitally adjust the output ■ External Oscillator Input (from PIC®Microcontroller)
voltage or current by controlling the voltage reference applied ■ External Voltage Reference Input (for Adjustable Voltage
to the MCP1630; thereby bringing digital control to the or Current Output Application)
analog PWM function. ■ Peak Current Mode Operation to 1 MHz
The fast comparator of the MCP1630 enables this device ■ Low Operating Current: 2.8 mA, typical
to be used as an excellent current mode controller. With a ■ Fast Output Rise and Fall Times: 5.9 ns, 6.2 ns
typical response time of 12 ns, the MCP1630 comparator ■ Under-voltage Lockout
provides a very tight limit to the maximum switch current over ■ Output Short Circuit Protection
a wide range of input voltages. ■ Overtemperature Protection

Switch-mode, Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuits

MCP DD

1
1

D
1 1
D1 D
1 P C 2 6 1

1
+
1 1
MCP6292
1
1 11

1 MCP 6 1 1 1

– 1
+
MCP6292

Product Specifications: MCP1630 PWM Controller

Input Voltage Current Sense-to- Ext. Oscillator Operating Temperature
Device Control Scheme Packages
Range (V) Output Delay Range Range
MCP1630 3.0-5.5 12 nS typ. Cycle-by-Cycle Peak Current Control 1.0 MHz -40°C to +125°C 8-pin MSOP

Product Specifications: PIC12F683 Microcontroller

OTP/Flash RAM I/O 8-bit ADC Timers/ Max. Other
Device Bytes Comparators Packages
Words Bytes Pins Channels WDT Speed MHz Features
PIC12F683 3584 2048 128 6 4 x 10-bit 1 1 16-bit, 20 Internal 8 MHz 8-pin PDIP/SOIC/DFN
2 8-bit, 1 WDT oscillator

Product Specifications: MCP6292 Op Amp

Device # Per Package GBWP Iq typ. (μA) Vos Max. (mV) Operating Voltage (V) Packages
MCP6292 2 10 MHz 1000 3 2.4-5.5 8-pin PDIP/SOIC/MSOP

Product Specifications: MCP1702 Low Dropout Positive Voltage Regulator

Device
Max. Input Output Voltage Output Current typ. Active typ. Dropout Voltage
Packages
Voltage (V) (V) (mA) Current (μA) (mV)
MCP1702 13.2 1.2-5.0 200-250 2 650 3-pin SOT-23A/SOT-89/TO-92

Battery Power Applications Design Guide 7

Backlighting
Biased Backlighting MCP1252 Charge Pump Features
The MCP1252-ADJ is an inductorless, positive-regulated ■ Inductorless, Buck/Boost, DC/DC Converter
charge pump DC/DC converter. The device generates an ■ Low Power: 80 µA (typ.)
adjustable output voltage. It is specifically designed for ■ 120 mA Output Current
applications requiring low noise and high efficiency and is ■ Wide Operating Temperature Range: -40°C to +85°C
able to deliver up to 120 mA output current. The device ■ Thermal Shutdown and Short-Circuit Protection
allows the input voltage to be lower or higher than the output ■ Uses Small Ceramic Capacitors
voltage, by automatically switching between buck/boost ■ Low Power Shutdown Mode: 0.1 µA (typ.)
operation. ■ Shutdown Input Compatible with 1.8V Logic
■ Vin Range: 2.0V to 5.5V
Today’s new color displays require a pure white light for
backlighting. White light emitting diodes have become the
component of choice. The MCP1252-ADJ is an excellent
choice for biasing the backlighting. Light intensity is
controlled uniformly through the use of ballast resistors. The
peak intensity is set by the feedback to the MCP1252-ADJ.
Dimming is accomplished by pulse-width modulating the
shutdown pin of the device.

White LED Backlighting Circuit with Regulated Charge Pump

Up to 6 white LEDs
U

MCP1252-ADJ

Product Specifications: Regulated Charge Pump DC/DC Converters

Input Voltage Output Voltage Max. Input Typical Active
Device Features Packages
Range (V) (V) Current (mA) Output Current (mA)
MCP1252-33X50 2.7-5.5 Selectable 3.3-5.0V 120 120 mA for Vin>3.0V Power good output, 650 kHz oscillator 8-pin MSOP
MCP1252-ADJ 2.0-5.5 Adjustable 1.5V-5.5V 120 120 mA for Vin>3.0V Power good output, 650 kHz oscillator 8-pin MSOP
MCP1253-33X50 2.7-5.5 Selectable 3.3-5.0V 120 120 mA for Vin>3.0V Power good output, 1 MHz oscillator 8-pin MSOP
MCP1253-ADJ 2.0-5.5 Adjustable 1.5V-5.5V 120 120 mA for Vin>3.0V Power good output, 1 MHz oscillator 8-pin MSOP
MCP1256 1.8-3.6 3.3 10 100 mA Power good output, Inductorless 1.5x, 10-pin MSOP and
2x dual mode, Thermal shutdown and 10-pin 3x3 DFN
Short circuit protection
MCP1257 1.8-3.6 3.3 10 100 mA Power good output, Inductorless 1.5x, 10-pin MSOP and
2x dual mode, Thermal shutdown and 10-pin 3x3 DFN
Short circuit protection
MCP1258 1.8-3.6 3.3 10 100 mA Power good output, Inductorless 1.5x, 10-pin MSOP and
2x dual mode, Thermal shutdown and 10-pin 3x3 DFN
Short circuit protection
MCP1259 1.8-3.6 3.3 10 100 mA Power good output, Inductorless 1.5x, 10-pin MSOP and
2x dual mode, Thermal shutdown and 10-pin 3x3 DFN
Short circuit protection
Mmicrochip also offers inverting or doubling charge pumps, multi-function charge pumps and inverting and doubling charge pumps. See the Microchip web site
for complete specifications www.microchip.com.

8 Battery Power Applications Design Guide

Backlighting
MCP1256/7/8/9 Regulated 3.3V, Low-Ripple Extremely low supply current and few external parts
Charge Pump with Low-Operating Current (4 capacitors) make these devices ideal for small, battery
Sleep Mode or Bypass Mode powered applications. A Shutdown mode is also provided for
further power reduction. The devices incorporate thermal and
The MCP1256, MCP1257, MCP1258 and MCP1259 short-circuit protection. Two packages are offered: 10-pin
are inductorless, positive regulated charge pump MSOP and 10-pin 3x3 DFN. The devices are completely
DC/DC converters. The devices generate a regulated 3.3V characterized over the junction temperature range of -40°C
output voltage from a 1.8V to 3.6V input. The devices are to +125°C.
specifically designed for applications operating from 2-cell
alkaline, Ni-Cd, or Ni-MH batteries or by one primary lithium MCP1256/7/8/9 Charge Pump Features
MnO2 (or similar) coin cell battery. ■ Inductorless 1.5x, 2x Boost DC/DC Converter
■ Output Voltage: 3.3V
The MCP1256, MCP1257, MCP1258 and MCP1259 provide ■ High Output Voltage Accuracy: ±3.0% (Vout Fixed)
high efficiency by automatically switching between 1.5x ■ Output Current Up To 100 mA
and 2x boost operation. In addition, at light output loads, ■ 20m Vpp Output Voltage Ripple
the MCP1256 and MCP1257 can be placed in a Sleep ■ Thermal Shutdown and Short Circuit Protection
mode, lowering the quiescent current while maintaining ■ Uses Small Ceramic Capacitors
the regulated output voltage. Alternatively, the MCP1258 ■ Switching Frequency: 650 kHz
and MCP1259 provide a Bypass feature connecting the ■ Low-Power Sleep Mode: MCP1256/7
input voltage to the output. This allows for real-time clocks, ■ Bypass Mode: MCP1258/9
microcontrollers or other system devices to remain biased ■ Low-Power Shutdown Mode: 0.1 μA (typ.)
with virtually no current being consumed by the MCP1258 ■ Shutdown Input Compatible with 1.8V Logic
or MPC1259. In normal operation, the output voltage ripple ■ Vin Range: 1.8V to 3.6V
is below 20 mVPP at load currents up to 100 mA. Normal ■ Soft-Start Circuitry to Minimize Inrush Current
operation occurs at a fixed switching frequency of 650 kHz, ■ Temperature Range: -40°C to +125°C
avoiding interference with sensitive IF bands. ■ Packaging:
The MCP1256 and MCP1258 feature a power-good output – 10-pin 3x3 DFN
that can be used to detect out-of-regulation conditions. The – 10-pin MSOP
MCP1257 and MCP1259 feature a low battery indication
that issues a warning if the input voltage drops below a
preset voltage threshold.

Regulated 3.3V, Low-Ripple Charge Pump with Low-Operating Current Sleep Mode or Bypass Mode
MCP125 t t

In t I µ
to µ
ower- ood
Indication
µ µ
- -

y ica ication wit ower- ood Indication

MCP1259 t t

In t I µ
to µ
Low-Battery
Indication
µ µ
- -

y ica ication wit Low-Battery Indication

Battery Power Applications Design Guide 9

Backlighting
Driving White LED’s ■ Adaptable Duty Cycle for Battery or Wide-Input,
Driving white light emitting diodes in series. An alternative Voltage-Range Applications
■ Input Voltage Range: 2.0V to 5.5V
to the MCP1252 backlighting approach is to drive the
■ Capable of SEPIC and Flyback Topologies
white light emitting diodes in series. The series connection
■ Shutdown Control with Iq < 0.1 µA (typ.)
provides improved brightness matching between the diodes
■ Low Operating Quiescent Current: Iq = 120 µA
since they all operate with the same current. Light intensity
■ Voltage Feedback Tolerance (0.6%, Typical)
is adjusted by controlling the current through the diodes. The
■ Popular MSOP-8 Package
MCP1650 is a boost controller that can be used to bias the
■ Peak Current Limit Feature
diodes in series as depicted below.
■ Two Under Voltage Lock Out (UVLO) Options: 2.0V
MCP1650 Features or 2.55V
■ Output Power Capability Over 5 Watts ■ Operating Temperature Range: -40°C to +125°C
■ Output Voltage Capability From 3.3V to Over 100V
■ 750 kHz Gated Oscillator Switching Frequency

White LED Backlighting Circuit with Boost Controller

N S

N E

N
S N
R
N N

MCP1650

RSENSE

Product Specifications: Boost Controllers

Input Voltage Output Control
Device Output Buck/Boost Features Packages
Range (V) Voltage (V) Scheme
MCP1650 Adjustable Step-Up 2.7-5.5 2.5 to Ext. Tx. Constant Frequency, 2 duty cycles for min. and max. loads, 8-pin MSOP
Limited 2 Fixed DC shutdown, UVLO, Soft-start
MCP1651 Adjustable Step-Up 2.7-5.5 2.5 to Ext. Tx. Constant Frequency, 2 duty cycles for min. and max. loads, 8-pin MSOP
Limited 2 Fixed DC Shutdown, Low battery detect, UVLO,
Soft-start
MCP1652 Adjustable Step-Up 2.7-5.5 2.5 to Ext. Tx. Constant Frequency, 2 duty cycles for min. and max. loads, 8-pin MSOP
Limited 2 Fixed DC Shutdown, Power good indicator,
UVLO, Soft-start
MCP1653 Adjustable Step-Up 2.7-5.5 2.5 to Ext. Tx. Constant Frequency, 2 duty cycles for min. and max. loads, 10-pin MSOP
Limited 2 Fixed DC Shutdown, Low battery detect, Power
good indicator, UVLO, Soft-start

10 Battery Power Applications Design Guide

Related Support Material
Application Notes AN947: Power Management in Portable Applications:
Charging Lithium-Ion/Lithium-Polymer Batteries
The following application notes are available on the Microchip
This application note focuses on the fundamentals of
web site: www.microchip.com. charging Lithium-Ion/Lithium-Polymer batteries. In particular,
AN246: Driving the Analog Inputs of a SAR A/D Converter a linear, stand-alone solution utilizing Microchip’s MCP73841
Driving any A/D Converter (ADC) can be challenging if all will be explored.
issues and trade-offs are not well understood from the
AN948: Efficiently Powering Nine White LEDs with the
beginning. With Successive Approximation Register (SAR)
MCP1650
ADCs, the sampling speed and source impedance should be
taken into consideration if the device is to be fully utilized. In The number of applications that utilize white LEDs has
this application note we will delve into the issues surrounding steadily increased due to the increased usage of Liquid
the SAR Converter’s input and conversion nuances to insure Crystal Displays (LCDs) in automotive and cellular telephone
that the converter is handled properly from the beginning displays, PDAs, handheld electronic games and computer
of the design phase. We will also review the specifications monitors. In order to view the information on these displays,
available in most A/D Converter data sheets and identify a light source is needed. Typically, this light source has been
the important specifications for driving your SAR. From this provided by Cold Cathode Florescent Tubes (CCFT). However,
discussion, techniques will be explored which can be used since designers are tasked with improving efficiency, lowering
to successfully drive the input of the SAR A/D Converter. cost and decreasing size, white LEDs are now being used.
Since most SAR applications require an active driving device Powering white LEDs, which have a forward drop (VF) of
at the converter’s input, the final subject will be to explore 3.6V, typically, becomes more difficult when the application
the impact of an operational amplifier on the analog-to-digital requires multiple LEDs. In this Application Note, a solution
conversion in terms of DC as well as AC responses. using the MCP1650 is discussed and shown to be greater
than 85% efficient.
AN693: Understanding A/D Converter Performance
Specifications AN960: New Components and Design Methods Bring
Intelligence to Battery Charger Applications
The purpose of this application note is to describe the
specifications used to quantify the performance of A/D This application note will describe a typical intelligent battery
converters and give the reader a better understanding of charger power system application. As with most real life
the significance of those specifications in an application. applications, there are many demands made on the power
Although the information presented here is applicable to all system designer to protect the system in the case of battery
A/D converters, specific attention is given to features of the removal, plugging the battery in backwards, reverse polarity
standalone and PIC® microcontrollers with A/D converters. at the input, a battery shorting and even more unimaginable
situations. A complete battery charger, fuel gauge system
AN793: Power Management in Portable Applications: design will be presented as an example of the mixed
Understanding the Buck Switchmode Power Converter signal design method. Battery reference material and basic
Powering today’s portable world poses many chal­lenges for switchmode power supply converter trade-offs are covered in
system designers. The use of batteries as a prime power the beginning of this application note.
source is on the rise. As a result, a burden has been placed
AN968: Simple Sychronous Buck Regulator – MCP1612
on the system designer to create sophisticated systems
utilizing the batteries full poten­tial. This application note contains all of the information needed
to design a synchronous buck converter using the MCP1612.
Each application is unique, but one common theme rings
It also contains a real-world design example with measured
through: maximize battery capacity usage. This theme
laboratory data.
directly relates to how efficiently the energy from the
batteries is converted and transferred to the system load. No AN1088: Selecting the Right Battery System for Cost-
single method is ideal for all applications. Lin­ear regulators, Sensitive Portable Applications While Maintaining Excellent
switched capacitor charge pumps and inductor based Quality
switchmode power converters are all employed. Each method Portable electronic devices have played an important role in
has its associated advantages and disadvantages. It is the a person’s daily digital life and have changed the way people
particular application with its individual requirements that live and work. Commonly seen portable electronic devices
determines which method will be the best to use. are: cellular phones, media players, digital cameras, digital
camcorders, handheld GPS, digital readers and PDAs. With
the emerging technologies that are available today, portable
electronic designers are trying to integrate more features into
thinner and smaller form-factors while maximizing the battery
life.

11 Battery Power Applications Design Guide Battery Power Applications Design Guide 11
Related Support Material
AN1156: Battery Fuel Measurement Using Delta-Sigma MCP1256/7/8/9EV: MCP1256/7/8/9 Charge Pump
ADC Devices Evaluation Board
The battery fuel status indicator is a common feature of The MCP1256/7/8/9 Charge Pump Evaluation Board
the battery-supported handheld devices. The battery fuel is an evaluation and demonstration tool for Microchip’s
measurement is achieved by measuring the discharging and MCP1256/7/8/9 Regulated 3.3V, Low-Ripple Charge
charging currents in real time. The discharging current is the Pumps with Low Operating Current Sleep mode or Bypass
current coming out from the battery and the charging current mode. The design provides for dynamic versatility. The
is the current flowing into the battery. The fuel used (mAH) MCP1256/7/8/9 Charge Pump Evaluation Board is setup
and the fuel remaining (mAH) are calculated by tracking the to evaluate simple, stand-alone, DC-to-DC conversion. Two
discharging and charging currents over time. The fuel used evaluation circuits are provided, demonstrating the versatility
is the total discharged current over time and the remaining of the MCP1256/7/8/9 device family. One evaluation circuit
fuel is simply the subtraction of the fuel used from the fully utilizes the MCP1256, demonstrating the Sleep mode feature
charged fuel. along with a power good indication. The other evaluation
circuit utilizes the MCP1259, demonstrating the unique
Evaluation Boards Bypass mode feature along with a low battery indication.
Microchip offers a number of boards to help evaluate device When connected, the MCP1256/7/8/9 devices can be
families. Contact your local Microchip sales office for a evaluated in a variety of applications.
demonstration. MCP1601EV: MCP1601 Buck Regulator Evaluation Board
MCP1252DM-BKLT: MCP1252 Charge Pump Backlight The MCP1601 Buck Regulator Evaluation Board
Demonstration Board demonstrates Microchip’s MCP1601 Synchronous Buck
The MCP1252 Charge Pump Backlight LED Demo Board Regulator, developed for battery powered applications as well
demonstrates the use of a Charge Pump device in an LED as distributed power applications. The MCP1601 Evaluation
application. The board also serves as a platform to evaluate Board is capable of operation over the entire 2.7V to 5.5V
the MCP1252 device in general. The MCP1252-ADJ is an input range of the MCP1601 device. Two 2-position DIP
excellent choice for biasing the backlighting or driving other switches are used, one to select the output voltage (1.8V,
LED applications. Light intensity is controlled uniformly 2.05V, 2.45V or 3.28V) and one that turns the MCP1601
through the use of ballast resistors. The peak intensity on and off with the other position selecting the mode of
is set by the feedback to the MCP1252-ADJ. Dimming is operation (PWM-pulse width modulation or PFM-pulse
accomplished by pulse width modulating the shutdown pin of frequency modulation). Surface mount test points are used
the device. to apply power and load in addition to probing several points
The board also features a PIC10F206 microcontroller in a in the test circuit.
SOT-23 package, which is used to provide an enable signal MCP1612EV: MCP1612 Synchronous Buck Regulator
to the MCP1252. The PIC microcontroller also accepts a Evaluation Board
push‑button input that allows the user to adjust the white The MCP1612 Synchronous Buck Regulator Evaluation Board
LEDs to five different light intensities, in addition to placing features Microchip’s 1A 1.4 MHz synchronous buck regulator
the system in a standby mode that consumes less than 1 μA in two buck converter applications. The first application uses
of current (typical). the MCP1612 in an 8-lead MSOP package. This converter
MCP1252EV: MCP1252/53 Evaluation Kit has four (0.8V, 1.0V, 1.2V and 1.4V) selectable output
The MCP1252/3 Evaluation Board is an evaluation voltages available. The second application features the
kit designed to support Microchip’s MCP1252-33X50, MCP1612 in an 8-pin DFN package. This converter also has
MCP1252-ADJ, MCP1253-33X50 and MCP1253-ADJ four (0.8V, 1.7V, 2.4V and 3.3V) selectable output voltages. A
low noise, positive-regulated charge pump devices. The shutdown terminal is also provided for each converter.
evaluation kit is fully assembled and tested. The kit is useful MCP1650EV: MCP1650 Boost Controller Evaluation Board
for evaluating simple stand-alone operation or for evaluating The MCP1650 Boost Controller Evaluation Board
applications interfaced with a microcontroller. demonstrates Microchip’s MCP165X Boost Controller product
family in two high-power, boost-converter applications. The
first application features the MCP1651 (8-pin MSOP) with the
low battery detect feature and provides a regulated 5V output
with an input voltage range of 2.8V to 4.8V. The second
application uses the MCP1653 (10-pin MSOP), with both low
battery detect and power good features. The input voltage for
this application is 3.3V, with the output boosted to 12V.

12 Battery Power Applications Design Guide

Related Support Material
MCP1630DM-DDBK1: MCP1630 1A Bias Supply Demo MCP1630RD-LIC1: MCP1630 Li-Ion Multi Bay Battery
Board Charger Reference Design
The MCP1630 1A Bias Supply Demo Board is used to The MCP1630 Multi-Bay Li-Ion Charger is used to evaluate
evaluate Microchip’s MCP1630 used in a SEPIC power Microchip’s MCP1630 used in a SEPIC power converter
converter application. The MCP1630 1A Bias Supply application. The MCP1630 Multi-Bay Li-Ion Charger is capable
Demo Board is capable of providing a regulated output of charging two single-cell, Li-Ion battery packs in parallel
from an input voltage of 9V. The regulated output voltage utilizing an input voltage of 10V to 30V (battery packs are
is selectable at 3.3V or 5V. The regulated output remains not included). Multiple boards can be daisy-chained for
constant for an output load range of 0A to 1A. An LED additional charger bays. The MCP1630 Multi-Bay Li-Ion
indicates the presence of output voltage. Charger is intended for use in pseudo-smart battery charger
applications utilizing battery packs containing Microchip’s
MCP1630DM-NMC1: MCP1630 NiMH Battery Charger
PS700 Battery Monitor. Standard battery packs can be
Demonstration Board
utilized as well. The MCP1630 Multi-Bay Li-Ion Charger
The MCP1630 High Speed PWM is interfaced to the provides a constant current – constant voltage charge with
PIC16LF818 to develop a complete NiMH battery charger preconditioning, cell temperature monitoring and battery
with fuel gauge capability. The MCP1630 is used to pack fault monitoring. Each charger bay provides a status
regulate the battery charge current and protect the SEPIC and fault indication. The MCP1630 Multi-Bay Li-Ion Charger
power train against an open circuit (removed battery) or a automatically detects the insertion or removal of a battery
shorted battery. The high speed (12ns current sense to pack.
output) capability of the MCP1630 is used to switch the
SEPIC converter at 1 MHz, minimizing external inductor and MCP1630RD-LIC2: MCP1630 Low-Cost Li-Ion Battery
capacitor cost, while the PIC16LF818 performs the complex Charger Reference Design
NiMH battery charger timing functions. Both the MCP1630 The MCP1630 Low-Cost Li-Ion Battery Charger is used
and PICLF818 protect the battery and circuit in the event of to evaluate Microchip’s MCP1630 in a SEPIC power
a fault. converter application. As provided, the MCP1630
Low‑Cost Li-Ion Battery Charger is capable of charging a
MCP1630RD-DDBK3: MCP1630V Bidirectional 4 Cell Li-Ion
single‑cell, Li-Ion battery pack from an input voltage of 6V
Charger Reference Design
to 18V. The MCP1630 Low-Cost Li-Ion Battery Charger
As high power portable applications continue to gain in provides a constant current, constant voltage charge with
popularity, more innovative techniques are needed to charge preconditioning, cell temperature monitoring and battery pack
the batteries while also providing a low regulated voltage to fault monitoring. Also, the charger provides a status or fault
the system’s high end digital electronics. For example, laptop indication. The MCP1630 Low-Cost Li-Ion Battery Charger
computers, portable test equipment, portable printers, etc., automatically detects the insertion or removal of a battery
all require more power than a single or two cell Li-Ion battery pack.
pack can efficiently store. As a result, three or four series
Li-Ion cell packs are used to store the necessary that power MCP73113EV-1SOVP: MCP73113 OVP Single Cell Li-Ion
these high end applications. The result is a high DC voltage Battery Charger Evaluation Board
used to store the energy requiring a difficult high voltage to The MCP73113 OVP Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger
low voltage dc-dc conversion. The MCP1630V bi-directional Evaluation Board demonstrates the features of Microchip’s
4 Cell Li-Ion Charger Reference Design can be used to MCP73113 “Single-Cell Li-Ion/Li-Polymer Battery Charge
evaluate a design that boosts a low source voltage to charge Management Controller with Input Overvoltage Protection”.
four Li-Ion series cells while providing energy to the system The MCP73113 OVP Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger
simultaneously. When the source is removed, the same Evaluation Board is designed with two charging currents.
power train used to charge the battery pack provides a low The default value is 500 mA and when PROG via is tied to
regulated voltage to operate the system. ground, the two parallel resistors output 1000 mA charging
current to a Li-Ion battery. One blue LED status output allows
the user to learn if the MCP73113 is in charging state or
not. The MCP73113 OVP Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger
Evaluation Board comes with an installed MCP73113 device
in 3mm x 3mm DFN package. The factory preset battery
regulation voltage is 4.20V with precondition, termination
and auto recharge features.
The MCP73113 OVP Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger
Evaluation Board is designed to observe the performance
and features on the circuits via multiple test points. Circuits
can also be implemented into suitable applications without
additional work.

Battery Power Applications Design Guide 13

Related Support Material
MCP73X23EV-LFP: MCP73X23 OVP Lithium Iron Phosphate MCP73871EV: MCP73871 Evaluation Board
Battery Charger Evaluation Board The MCP73871 Evaluation Board is designed to demonstrate
The MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Microchip’s stand-alone linear Li-Ion battery charger with
Evaluation Board demonstrates the features of Microchip’s system power path and load sharing management control
MCP73123 and MCP73223 “Lithium Iron Phosphate solution. The system load is also supported by the Li-Ion
(LiFePO4) Battery Charge Management Controller with battery when input power is disconnected. A number of
Input Overvoltage Protection”. The MCP73X23 Lithium Iron device options allow the MCP73871 device to be utilized in
Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board is designed a variety of applications. Refer to the MCP73871 data sheet
with two independent circuits. The MCP73123 is designed (DS22090).
to charge a single-cell LiFePO4 battery, while the MCP73223 Typical applications for the reference design are: smart
charges a dual-cell LiFePO4 battery. Both circuits offer phones, PDA, portable media players, MP3 Players, digital
two different fast charging currents. The default value of cameras, handheld medical devices, bluetooth headsets,
fast charging current is 500 mA and when PROG via is tie ultra-mobile PC and portable communicators.
to ground, the two parallel resistors output 1000 mA fast
charging current to a battery pack. One blue LED status MCP73831EV: MCP73831 Evaluation Kit
output allows user to learn if the MCP73123/223 is in Two evaluation boards are provided in the MCP73831
charging state or not. The MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Evaluation Kit. The boards are set up to evaluate simple,
Battery Charger Evaluation Board comes with installed stand-alone, linear charging of single cell Li-Ion/Li-Polymer
MCP73123 and MCP73223 devices in 3 mm x 3 mm DFN battery packs (the battery packs are not included). Each
packages. The factory preset battery regulation voltage is board design provides constant current charging followed
3.6V for the MCP73123 and 7.2V for the MCP73223 with by constant voltage charging with automatic charge
10% precondition current, 10% termination current set termination. In addition, the MCP73831-2AC board provides
point, automatic recharge and 6.5V over voltage protection preconditioning of deeply depleted cells. Each board design
threshold voltage. The MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate provides evaluation of the MCP73831 in two package
Battery Charger Evaluation Board is designed to observe the options: a SOT-23-5 and a 8-pin 2x3 DFN for higher power
performance and features of Microchip’s MCP73123 and handling capability.
MCP73223. Circuits can also be implemented into suitable
applications without extra work. MCP7384XEV: MCP7384X Li-Ion Battery Charger
Evaluation Board
MCP7383XEV-DIBC: MCP73837/8 AC/USB Dual Input
Battery Charger Evaluation Board The MCP7384X Li-Ion Battery Charger Evaluation Board
features three circuits utilizing the MCP73841, MCP73842
The MCP73837/8 AC/USB Dual Input Battery Charger
and MCP73843 devices to demonstrate simple, stand-alone,
Evaluation Board demonstrates Microchip’s stand-alone
linear charging of single or dual cell Lithium-Ion/Lithium-
Linear Li-Ion Battery Chargers - MCP73837 and MCP73838.
Polymer battery packs (the battery packs are not included).
The MCP73837/8 require only minimum components to
implement a complete battery charge management circuit. Also check out the following demonstration boards:
The MCP73837/8 are designed to select AC-Adapter or
USB‑Port Power Source automatically where AC-Adapter MCP73213EV-2SOVP: MCP73213 OVP Dual Cell Li-Ion
provides the charge current when both sources are present. Battery Charger Evaluation Board
The MCP73837/8 AC/USB Dual Input Battery Charger MCP7383XRD-PPM: MCP7383X Li-Ion System Power Path
Evaluation Board comes with a 10-pin DFN MCP73837 Management Reference Design
and a 10-pin MSOP MCP73838 pre-installed. The different MCP73833EV: MCP73833 Li-Ion Battery Charger
packages can be easily evaluated by replacing the device, a Evaluation Board
resistor and a LED where the patterns have been
MCP73871DM-VPCC: MCP73871 Demo Board with Voltage
pre-designed on the board layout.
Proportional Current Control

14 Battery Power Applications Design Guide

Stand-Alone Analog and Interface Portfolio

Thermal Power
Management Management Linear Mixed-Signal Interface
Temperature LDO & Switching Op Amps A/D Converter CAN Peripherals
Sensors Regulators Families
Programmable Infrared
Fan Speed Charge Pump Gain Digital Peripherals
Controllers/ DC/DC Converters Amplifiers Potentiometers
Fan Fault LIN Transceivers
Detectors Power MOSFET Comparators D/A Converters
Drivers Serial Peripherals
V/F and F/V
PWM Controllers Converters Ethernet Controllers
Safety & Security
System Supervisors Energy
Photoelectric Measurement
Voltage Detectors Smoke Detectors ICs
Voltage References Ionization Smoke
Li-Ion/Li-Polymer Detectors
Battery Chargers Ionization Smoke
Detector Front Ends
Piezoelectric
Horn Drivers

Analog and Interface Attributes

Robustness Space Savings
■ MOSFET Drivers lead the industry in latch-up ■ Resets and LDOs in SC70 package, A/D and D/A
immunity/stability converters in SOT-23 package
■ High performance LIN and CAN transceivers ■ CAN and IrDA® Standard protocol stack embedded in an
Low Power/Low Voltage 18-pin package
■ Op Amp family with the lowest power for a given gain Accuracy
bandwidth ■ Low input offset voltages
■ 600 nA/1.4V/14 kHz bandwidth op amps ■ High gains
■ 1.8V charge pumps and comparators Innovation
■ 1.6 µA LDOs ■ Low pin-count embedded IrDA Standard stack, FanSense™
■ Low power ADCs with one-shot conversion technology
Integration ■ Select Mode™ operation
■ One of the first to market with integrated LDO with ■ Industry’s first op amp featuring on-demand calibration via
Reset and Fan Controller with temperature sensor mCal technology
■ PGA integrates MUX, resistive ladder, gain switches, ■ Digital potentiometers feature WiperLock™ technology to
high-performance amplifier, SPI interface secure EEPROM
■ Industry’s first 12-bit quad DAC with non-volatile EEPROM For more information, visit the Microchip web site at:
www.microchip.com
■ Delta-Sigma ADCs feature on-board PGA and voltage
reference
■ Highly integrated charging solutions for Li-ion and
LiFePO4 batteries

Battery Power Applications Design Guide 15

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in developing products faster and more efficiently. We help. We continue to expand our technical training options,
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DS39610E

*DS39610E*