Nano and Bio - Matsci Kenneth
Nano and Bio - Matsci Kenneth
Nano and Bio - Matsci Kenneth
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lpju0DTY8_g
2. Metal Nanoparticles
Metal nanoparticles are particles composed of metals that range in size from 1
to 100 nanometers. These nanoparticles exhibit unique physical, chemical, and
biological properties that are significantly different from their bulk counterparts
due to their small size and large surface area. The distinctive characteristics of
metal nanoparticles make them highly valuable for various applications in fields
such as medicine, electronics, catalysis, and environmental science.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BSKrcsRAWls
3. Dendrimers
Dendrimers are highly branched, tree-like macromolecules with a well-defined,
three-dimensional structure. They are a type of synthetic polymer that grows
radially from a central core, creating a series of branched layers known as
generations. The unique structure of dendrimers, characterized by their high
degree of branching and large number of terminal functional groups, gives them
distinct physical and chemical properties that are useful in various applications,
particularly in medicine, nanotechnology, and materials science.
4. Quantum Dots
Quantum dots (QDs) are nanometer-scale semiconductor particles that have
unique optical and electronic properties due to quantum mechanics. They are
typically between 2 and 10 nanometers in diameter, and their small size gives
rise to distinctive behaviors that make them useful in a variety of applications,
including medical imaging, display technology, and solar cells.
• Colloidal Quantum Dots are synthesized in a solution and can be easily
processed into films or incorporated into other materials. They are widely used
in displays and solar cells.
• Core-Shell Quantum Dots consist of a core quantum dot material coated with
a shell material that enhances stability and optical properties. The shell can
improve the quantum yield and protect the core from degradation.
• Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) is a newer type of quantum dots made from
carbon-based materials. They are typically less toxic and more environmentally
friendly compared to traditional semiconductor quantum dots.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0EokkhdppgE
Applications of Nanomaterials
Types of BIOMATERIALS
1. Natural Biomaterials
Natural biomaterials are materials derived from natural sources that are used
to interact with biological systems for medical, environmental, or industrial
applications. These materials often mimic the properties and functions of native
biological tissues, making them highly compatible and effective in various
applications, particularly in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, wound
healing, and drug delivery. Natural biomaterials are favored for their
biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ability to support cell adhesion and
growth. Such as collagen, gelatin, chitosan, and alginate, commonly used in
tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
2. Synthetic Biomaterials
Synthetic biomaterials are man-made materials designed to interact with
biological systems for medical purposes. These materials are engineered to
mimic or complement natural tissues and can be tailored to possess specific
properties required for various biomedical applications. Synthetic biomaterials
are widely used in implants, prosthetics, drug delivery systems, and tissue
engineering. Includes polymers like polylactic acid (PLA) and polyglycolic acid
(PGA), often used in surgical sutures and drug delivery systems.
3. Bio-ceramics
Bio-ceramics are a class of advanced ceramic materials that are specifically
designed for medical and dental applications. These materials are known for
their biocompatibility, which means they can be safely integrated into the body
without causing adverse reactions. Bio-ceramics are often used to repair or
replace damaged or diseased tissues, particularly in bone and dental
applications. They can be classified into different types based on their
bioactivity and interaction with biological tissues. One of the examples of bio-
ceramics are materials like hydroxyapatite and bio-glass, used in bone repair
and dental applications.
4. Metallic Biomaterials
Metallic biomaterials are metals and their alloys that are used in medical
applications to replace or support damaged biological tissues. These materials
are known for their excellent mechanical properties, such as high strength,
toughness, and resistance to wear and corrosion. They are primarily used in
load-bearing applications, such as orthopedic and dental implants, due to their
ability to withstand significant mechanical stresses. Best examples of it are
titanium and stainless steel that is used in implants and prosthetics.
Applications of Biomaterials
• Tissue Engineering: Biomaterials are used to create scaffolds that support the
growth and regeneration of tissues and organs.
• Drug Delivery: Biomaterials enable controlled and targeted release of
therapeutic agents.
• Implants and Prosthetics: Used to replace or support damaged body parts,
such as hip replacements and dental implants.
• Wound Healing: Biomaterials can promote faster and more effective healing
of wounds and burns.
Conclusion
Nanomaterials and biomaterials represent the cutting edge of scientific progress,
driving breakthroughs in sectors such as healthcare, electronics, energy, and
environmental sustainability. These fields, particularly when combined to form
nanobiomaterials, are paving the way for revolutionary advancements. The fusion of
nanotechnology with biological materials opens up new horizons for innovation,
offering potential solutions to critical global challenges. Ongoing research and
development are crucial for harnessing the full capabilities of these materials,
promising to enhance quality of life and stimulate economic growth through
groundbreaking applications.