Steps in Conducting A Survey

Lesson 9:
THREE STEPS IN
CONDUCTING A SURVEY
SURVEY
survey is one of the best way to know and
understand the peoples choices ,attitude, or feelings
on certain issues.
We will be able to determine the reaction of the
respondents based on the surveys result,
we could design some possible actions to the best
done, or a solution to a problem.
Steps in conducting a survey
1: Decide on a four or five option survey

question. Then make a tally chart having its
heading and appropriate title.
2: Conduct a survey then tally all the

answers
3: Count the answers marking the item having

the least to the greatest tallies. Then make a
graphic representation of the results
1: Decide on a four or five option

survey question. Then make a tally
chart having its heading and
appropriate title.
STEP 1: Decide on a four or five option survey question. Then
make a tally chart having its heading and appropriate
title.
The question should follow the guidelines of

making an effective survey question. Formulate
questions that address to the aim and need of the
research.
The question should be clear, concise and efficient.
The heading and the title should reflect the focus
of the survey.
2. Conduct a survey then tally

all the answers
STEP 2: Conduct a survey then tally
all the answers
In conducting a survey, Make sure all answers are

noted. Plan for a more systematic way of tallying.
3.Count the answers marking the item

having the least to the greatest tallies.
Then make a graphic representation of
the results
STEP 3: Count the answers marking the item
having the least to the greatest tallies. Then
make a graphic representation of the results
Be careful in tallying so you

should observe accuracy and
honesty.
Results can be presented using
any graphics.
lesson 3:
Gathering information
from surveys
The task of gathering or collecting information or data from
surveys requires a high level of knowledge and skill.
You need to be familiar with the different types of survey
questions and learn the art of formulating them before you,
yourself, can conduct the survey and actually gather primary
data.
Primary data, as the name implies, is data you yourself as a
researcher collect from first –hand sources using methods like
surveys, interviews, or experiments.
Types of Survey
Questions
Multiple–
Open-ended Dichotomous Matrix Contingency
response
questions Questions questions questions Questions
1. Open-ended questions
These types of questions do not have predetermined options

or answers. The respondents are allowed to answer the
questions freely.
Responses must be recorded verbatim-especially because
coding and analysis will rely on the subject’s exact responses.
Open-ended questions often need probing or follow-up
questions to clarify certain items in the subject’s response.
These questions typically ask the “how” and “why” of
something.
Example: Why did you choose to vote for candidate X?
Kindly explain.
2. Dichotomous questions
Dichotomous questions have two possible answers,

often either yes/no, true/false, or agree/ disagree.
These questions are used when the researcher wants to
clearly distinguish the respondent’s opinion,
preference, experience or behavior.
Example: HIV/AIDS is transmitted through saliva:

[] True [] False
3. Multiple–response
questions
There are certain questions that necessitate the respondents to provide

more than one answer. For example, a typical advertising survey would ask
the question, “How did you find about the particular service or item”? A
respondent may have encountered more than one of the probable ways.
Example: How were you able to know about the graduate program of Development
Policy offered in De La Salle University? Check all that applies.
[] Print Advertisement
[] DSLU Website
[] DSLU Social Networking
[] By word of mouth (friends, families, etc.)
[] Telephone inquiry
[] Physical appearance/ inquiry page
[] Others, please specify:
4. Matrix questions
There are instances where a number of questions you intend to ask have
the same set of possible answers. Thus, it is possible to construct a
matrix of items and answers for the sake of streamlining the survey.
Example: Qualities of a Good Leader
Beside each of the qualities of a good leader, kindly indicate how well the person in
inquiry manifests the said quality with 1 being the lowest and 5 as the highest.
The respondents are required to choose from a number of categories that
determine their preferences. Another common scale is the Likert Scale which tries
to assess the subject’s agreement/disagreement or approval/ disapproval on a five-
point scale-with one end being the most positive answer, and the other end being
the most negative answer. The categories correspond to the numerical values
5,4,3,2,1, and are encoded as their numerical equivalent (Singh 2007,75). The total
score per item is determined. From here, you formulate your inference.
Example: Performance-Based Incentive System
The new performance-based incentive system encouraged me to work over-
time.
[] [] [] [] []
(5) Strongly Agree (4) Agree (3) Undecided (2) Disagree (1) Strongly Disagree
5. Contingency questions
Contingency questions are intended for certain respondents

only, depending on the provided answers. A familiar example
would be a follow-up question provided after a respondent
agrees to a certain item. A respondent is asked whether they
used any illegal drugs or substances. Only those who answered
yes are required to answer the succeeding items
Example:
Have you ever tried any illegal drugs and/or substances?

[] Yes [] No
If yes, what illegal drugs and/or substances have you used? Check all
that apply.
[] Crystal Meth
[] Cocaine
[] Heroine
[] Marijuana
[] Ecstasy
[] Others, please specify: __________________
POINTS TO REMEMBER IN CRAFTING SURVEY QUESTIONS
1. Keep the questionnaire as short as possible.

2. Ask short, simple, and clearly worded questions.
3. Start with demographic questions to help respondents get started comfortably.
4. Use dichotomous (yes/no) and multiple-choice questions.
5. Use open-ended questions cautiously.
6. Avoid using leading-questions. Make your question ask for the other person’s opinion.
Do not make it clear what your own opinion is. (This would be called a biased question or
a leading question).
-A bad example would be: “Fishing is a very cruel pastime. Do you agree?”
-A better question might be: “Do you think that fishing is a cruel pastime?”
A). strongly agree B). agree C). neutral D). disagree E). strongly disagree
7. Pre-test a questionnaire on a small number of people.
8. Think about the way you intend to use the collected data when preparing the questionnaire.

Steps in Conducting A Survey

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Steps in Conducting A Survey

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Steps in Conducting A Survey

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lesson 9:

1: Decide on a four or five option survey

2: Conduct a survey then tally all the

3: Count the answers marking the item having

1: Decide on a four or five option

The question should follow the guidelines of

2. Conduct a survey then tally

In conducting a survey, Make sure all answers are

3.Count the answers marking the item

Be careful in tallying so you

These types of questions do not have predetermined options

Dichotomous questions have two possible answers,

Example: HIV/AIDS is transmitted through saliva:

There are certain questions that necessitate the respondents to provide

Contingency questions are intended for certain respondents

Have you ever tried any illegal drugs and/or substances?

1. Keep the questionnaire as short as possible.

You might also like