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Section A: Mapwork skills

1 Study the map extract of an area of the UK. The scale is 1:25 000. The heights are in metres. The
Cambridge O Level contour interval is 5 metres.

(a) (i) State the leisure activity named in grid square 8700.

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(ii) If you start at the Gupton Burrows car park at 886994 and walk along the Pembrokeshire
Coast Path until Black Cave at 870008, how far would you walk? Tick (3) the correct
answer.
* 1 3 6 1 4 5 2 1 4 2 *

GEOGRAPHY 2230/02
less than 2 km
Paper 2 Geographical Skills October/November 2023
1 hour 45 minutes
2–4 km
You must answer on the question paper.

You will need: Insert (enclosed) Plain paper 5–8 km

1:25 000 survey map (enclosed) Protractor
Calculator Ruler
more than 8 km
[1]
INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
(iii) In which general direction would you walk from the Gupton Burrows car park across the
● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
beach towards Gravel Bay?
● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
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● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
(iv) What type of vegetation is found in the sand dunes near Gupton Burrows car park?
● Sketch maps and diagrams should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate the answer.
● If additional space is needed, you should use the lined pages at the end of this booklet; the question
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
number or numbers must be clearly shown.
(b) Study the north-west part of the map extract and Fig. 1.1 (Insert), which shows an aerial
photograph of the settlement of Angle.
INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 60.
(i) Use the map extract and Fig. 1.1 to describe the settlement of Angle.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
● The insert contains additional resources referred to in the questions.
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(ii) State two pieces of map evidence to show that the settlement of Angle and its surrounding
area is a tourist destination.

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DC (LK/FC) 315418/3 [2]
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(iii) Use the map extract to describe the natural features of the coastline from Angle Point (d) (i) Study the oil refinery which has its centre in grid square 9003. How does the oil arrive at
(grid square 8703) to Sawdern Point (grid square 8803). the refinery?

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........................................................................................................................................... (ii) Study grid square 9302, which shows a power station. Explain why this area is a good
location for a power station.
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(c) Study Fig. 1.2, which shows grid square 9201 of the map extract.
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92 93
02 02 ...........................................................................................................................................
X
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Y
[Total: 20]

01 01
92 93

Fig. 1.2

(i) Identify feature X.

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(ii) Give a six-figure grid reference for the triangulation pillar at Y.

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(iii) Use the map extract to describe the relief of the land in grid square 9201.

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Section B: Geographical skills (b) Study Fig. 2.2 (Insert), which shows the Temburong Bridge.

2 (a) Study Fig. 2.1, which shows crude oil production in Brunei from 2008 to 2019. (i) Using only information from Fig. 2.2, describe the route from Bukit Patoi Recreational
Park in Temburong across the bridge to Bandar Seri Begawan. You should refer to
Crude oil production, Brunei, 2008–2019 distances and directions in your answer.

160 ...........................................................................................................................................

150 ...........................................................................................................................................

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140
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crude oil 130
production ...........................................................................................................................................
(thousands of 120
barrels ..................................................................................................................................... [3]
per day) 110
(ii) Why is the Temburong Bridge so important for the development of Brunei?
100
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90
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0 ...........................................................................................................................................
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
year ..................................................................................................................................... [2]

Fig. 2.1 [Total: 10]

(i) On Fig. 2.1, complete the line graph using the data below.

year 2017 2018 2019

crude oil production 101 100 110
(thousands of barrels per day)
[2]

(ii) In which year was crude oil production at its highest?

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(iii) Between which two years did crude oil production change the most?

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(iv) What is the overall trend shown in Fig. 2.1?

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3 (a) Study Fig. 3.1 (Insert), which shows a map of the ecological zones in South America. (c) Study Fig. 3.3, which shows reasons for deforestation in the Amazon rainforest.

Use Fig. 3.1 to describe the location of the tropical rainforest in South America. Reasons for deforestation in the Amazon rainforest

................................................................................................................................................... 100%
0%
...................................................................................................................................................
90% 10% Key reason %
................................................................................................................................................... cattle ranching 65
small-scale agriculture 20
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80% 20% large-scale agriculture 10
(b) Study Fig. 3.2, which shows deforestation in the Amazon rainforest between 2004 and 2020. logging 3
other 2
Deforestation in the Amazon rainforest, 2004–2020
70% 30%
30 000

25 000
60% 40%
20 000 50%
amount of
deforestation 15 000 Fig. 3.3
(km2)
10 000 (i) Use the information in the key to complete Fig. 3.3. [2]

5000 (ii) What is the main reason for deforestation in the Amazon rainforest shown in Fig. 3.3?

0 ..................................................................................................................................... [1]
2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
(iii) State one reason why tropical rainforests are a valuable resource that needs to be
year
conserved.

Fig. 3.2 ..................................................................................................................................... [1]

Describe how the amount of deforestation changed between 2004 and 2020. Use data from [Total: 10]
Fig. 3.2 to support your answer.

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Section C: Geographical investigation

4 Students at a school in Dubai did fieldwork at the Dubai Mall, the largest mall in the world.

Fig. 4.1 (Insert) shows the location of the Dubai Mall. It is located in the heart of downtown Dubai
next to the Burj Khalifa – the world’s tallest building.

The students investigated the following hypotheses:

Hypothesis 1: Most people using the Dubai Mall will be tourists in Dubai.

Hypothesis 2: The main function of the Dubai Mall is shopping.

(a) Before doing their fieldwork, the students used the internet to collect some background
information about the mall. The students downloaded maps, photographs and statistics.

Table 4.1 shows the annual number of visitors to the mall from their internet search.

Table 4.1

number of visitors to the Dubai Mall (million)

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
39 47 65 75 80 92 80 80 82 84

(i) Name one suitable type of graph to present this data.

TURN OVER FOR QUESTION 4 ..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) In 2019 Dubai had a total population under 4 million people and there were 84 million
visits to the mall. Based on this information the students decided to test Hypothesis 1:
Most people using the Dubai Mall will be tourists in Dubai.

Explain why the students expected this hypothesis to be accepted.

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(b) To test Hypothesis 1 and Hypothesis 2 the students produced a questionnaire to use at the
Dubai Mall, shown in Fig. 4.2 (Insert).

(i) The students used a sampling method of asking every tenth person they met to complete
the questionnaire. What is this method of sampling called?

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(ii) Give one advantage of this method of sampling.

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(iii) Suggest two pieces of advice the students’ teacher gave them about using the (d) To investigate Hypothesis 2: The main function of the Dubai Mall is shopping, the students
questionnaire in the mall. conducted a land use survey as well as the questionnaire shown in Fig. 4.2 (Insert).

1 ......................................................................................................................................... To complete their land use survey the students downloaded a map of the Dubai Mall from
the internet and counted each type of land use shown on the map. Their results are shown in
2 ........................................................................................................................................ Table 4.2.
[2]
Table 4.2
(c) The students presented their results to Question 1: Are you a resident of Dubai or a tourist ?
on a divided bar graph, shown in Fig. 4.3. land use
1. Are you a resident of Dubai or a tourist? shops 1200+
restaurants and cafés 120+
resident tourist hotels 1 (250 bedrooms)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 entertainment Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo

% KidZania – an interactive children’s theme park
Key
VR Park Dubai – a virtual reality amusement park
resident Reel Cinemas with 22 screens
Hysteria haunted house
tourist
Dubai Dinosaur
Dubai Ice Rink
Fig. 4.3 Dubai Fountain

(i) Plot the information below on Fig. 4.3. (i) Is the data in Table 4.2 primary or secondary? Explain your answer.

1. Are you a resident of Dubai or a tourist? ...........................................................................................................................................

resident 41% ...........................................................................................................................................

tourist 59%
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[2]
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(ii) What conclusion would the students make for Hypothesis 1: Most people using the
Dubai Mall will be tourists in Dubai ? Support your answer with evidence from Table 4.1
(ii) What is the most common type of land use in the Dubai Mall shown in Table 4.2?
and Fig. 4.3.
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(e) To further test Hypothesis 2, the students presented their results from Question 4 of the (f) (i) The questionnaire shown in Fig. 4.2 (Insert) asked other questions.
questionnaire: Why are you at the Dubai Mall today ? The results are shown in Fig. 4.4.
Suggest one hypothesis you could test for Question 3: What method of transport did you
4. Why are you at the Dubai Mall today? use to get to the Dubai Mall?

100% Hypothesis ........................................................................................................................

Key
0%
shopping ...........................................................................................................................................
90% 10%
entertainment ..................................................................................................................................... [1]
food
(ii) The students conducted a total of 336 questionnaires. Explain how this helped to make
80% 20% sightseeing their data collection reliable.
Burj Khalifa
fountain show ...........................................................................................................................................

70% 30% ...........................................................................................................................................

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60% 40% ..................................................................................................................................... [2]

50% [Total: 20]

Fig. 4.4

(i) What is the most popular reason for visiting the Dubai Mall shown in Fig. 4.4?

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(ii) Do the results support Hypothesis 2: The main function of the Dubai Mall is shopping ?
Support your conclusion with evidence from Table 4.2 and Fig. 4.4.

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Additional pages
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If you use the following pages to complete the answer(s) to any question(s), the question number(s)
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.................................................................................................................................................................. authorities, or of the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

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publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
..................................................................................................................................................................
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.................................................................................................................................................................. at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
.................................................................................................................................................................. Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

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