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    03 Meter-Bridge

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    shahriarsami338
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    03 Meter-Bridge

    Uploaded by

    shahriarsami338
    37 views4 pages
    Lab report

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    03.Meter-Bridge

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    Lab report

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    Download as pdf or txt
    37 views4 pages

    03 Meter-Bridge

    Uploaded by

    shahriarsami338
    Lab report

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 4

    Daffodil International University

    Experiment No: 01
    Name of the Experiment: To Determine the specific resistance of a wire using a
    meter bridge.
    Theory: In the arrangement as shown in Fig. 01 if X and R be the unknown and known
    resistances respectively and 𝒍 be the distance of the null point measured from the left end A. lf
    the meter bridge, then by the principle of the whetstone’s network. We get,
    𝑿 𝒍+𝒙
    = (𝟏𝟎𝟎−𝒍)+
    𝑹 𝒚
    𝑹(𝒍+𝒙)
    Or, X= ………………………… (1)
    (𝟏𝟎𝟎−𝒍)+ 𝒚

    Where x and y are end-errors.


    When the resistances X and R are interchanged, we get
    𝑹 𝒍´+𝒙
    = (𝟏𝟎𝟎−𝒍´)+
    𝑿 𝒚
    𝑹(𝟏𝟎𝟎−𝒍´)+ 𝒚
    Or, X= . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(2) Fig: 01
    𝒍´+𝒙
    The mean of equations (1) and (2), after end-corrections, give the value of the unknown
    resistance.
    If now L is the length of the experimental wire in centimeters then
    𝝆𝑳
    X=
    𝝅𝒓𝟐

    𝑿𝝅𝒓𝟐
    Or, ρ= . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (3)
    𝑳

    Where ρ is the specific resistance of the material of the wire and r is the radius of the cross-
    section of the wire.
    Thus ρ may be determined from equation (3) after measuring X, r and L.
    Apparatus : Meter bridge, Leclanche’s cell (E), zero-centre galvanometer (G), rheostat (Rh),
    commutator (K), resistance box (R) , the specimen wire (X), connecting wires, screw-gauge etc.

    Procedure:

    1) Collect all the instruments and make the connection as shown in figure above
    2) Take out some suitable resistance ‘R’ form the resistance box (R. B.).
    3) Touch the jockey at point A; see that there is a deflection in the galvanometer on one side,
    and then touch the jockey on the point C of the wire, the deflection in the galvanometer should
    be on the other side. If it is so, your connections are correct.’

    4) Now find the position of null point where deflection in galvanometer becomes zero.
    Note length AB (l) BC will be (100 – l).
    5) Repeat the above procedure for different values of ‘R’. Take at least 6 readings
    6) Note the point where the galvanometer shows 0 deflections, this is called the balance point.
    7) Measure the length of the given wire using ordinary scale and the radius of the wire using
    screw gauge (Take five readings)

    Data Collection:
    (A). Length of the wire (L):
    (і) L1 = cm, (іі). L2 = cm, (ііі). L3 = cm

    Mean L = cm

    Calculation of the least count:


    The distance moved by plane of the disc along vertical scale
    Pitch (P) = No.of full rotations given to the circular scale

    No. of divisions in the circular scale, n = 100


    pitch
    Least count (L.C) =
    no of divisions of circular scale

    = mm

    = cm

    (B).Reading for Radius of the wire r:

    Linear
    Circular Diameter
    No. Scale Least Mean Mean
    Scale
    of Reading
    Divisions
    Count d = x + C.D × L.C Diameter Radius
    obs. (x) (L.C) (d) r = d/2
    ( C.D )

    cm cm cm cm cm
    01

    02

    03
    (C). Readings for the balance point:
    Positions Resistance
    Known Balance point Mean 𝑹𝒍 Mean
    X =
    𝟏𝟎𝟎−𝒍
    resistance Unknown Known Direct Reverse Mean Unknown
    Resistance Resistance 100- 𝒍 Resistance
    Length Length Length X
    R
    X R 𝒍 𝒍 ( 𝒍 ) 𝑹(𝟏𝟎𝟎−𝒍´)
    X=
    𝒍´

    Ω cm cm cm cm Ω Ω

    Left
    Right

    Left
    Right
    Right
    Left
    Left
    Right

    Left
    Right

    Left
    Right

    Calculation: From equation (3), we get

    𝑿𝝅𝒓𝟐
    ρ= Ω-cm
    𝑳

    = Ω-cm

    = Ω-cm

    Result: The specific resistance of a wire is ……………….. Ω-cm


    𝐀𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐚𝐥 𝐕𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐞−𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐞
    Error analysis: X 100%
    𝑨𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝑽𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆
    Discussions:

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