A REPORT ON AGRICULTURAL PESTS IN CENTRAL HORTICULTURE

CENTER, KRITIPUR

A report submitted to

Department of Zoology

Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus

INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY

NEPAL

In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the practical examination of

Zoology (Zool.102) in B.Sc. 1st year

By

Narita Chaudhary (Roll no 2232)

Batch: 2078

(NOVEMBER, 2022)
 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY

TRI-CHANDRA MULTIPLE CAMPUS

DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY

Kathmandu, Nepal

CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL

This report submitted by Narita Chaudhary entitled “Agricultural pests in

central horticulture center, Kirtipur” is approved in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for practical examination of Zoology (Zool.102) in B.Sc. 1st
year.

Date: 2079/07/30 ……………………………………..

Department of Zoology

Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus

Tribhuvan University

Kathmandu, Nepal
 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY

TRI-CHANDRA MULTIPLE CAMPUS

DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY

Kathmandu, Nepal

RECOMMENDATION

This is to recommend that the report entitled “Agricultural Pests in central

horticulture center, kirtipur” has been carried out by Narita chaudhary in
partial fulfillment of requirements for practical examination of Zoology
(Zool.102) in B.Sc. 1st year. This is their original work and has been carried
out under my supervision. To the best of my knowledge, this report work
has not been submitted for any other degree in any institutions.

Date: 2079/07/30

KUMARI KAMINI JHA

Department of Zoology

Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus

Tribhuvan University

Kathmandu, Nepal
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude towards the supervisor of my report, madam
Kumari kamini Jha, for helping me with the research report.

I would like to acknowledge to head of department of Zoology, Kirparam Mehta, for

giving us opportunity to study on agricultural pests and increase the knowledge on
invertibrates. I would like to thank teachers and seniors for keeping me motivated for the
report. The completion of this report would not be possible without helping hands of
teachers, seniors, and staff of Zoology department.

Eventually, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my family, local people of my

locality who helped me a lot for gaining the knowledge about the pests based research for
my report. So, these contributors are sincerely appreciated and acknowledged.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Pages
RECOMMENDATION ii

CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS v

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 INRODUCTION 1

1.2 OBJECTIVES 1

CHAPTER 2: MATERIALS AND METHODS

2.1 STUDY AREA 2

2.2 MATERIALS 2

2.3 METHODS OF IDENTIFICATION 2

CHAPTER 3: RESULTS
3.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PESTS 3-5

CHAPTER 4 : CONCLUSION 6

REFERENCES 7

PHOTO PLATE 8
 INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION

Agricultural pests are the insects which cause damage to crop plants. Pests can
include weeds, plant pathogens (certain fungi, bacteria, and viruses), rodents, and
nematodes in addition to the plant-feeding insects and mites described in the preceding
text, and are estimated to destroy as much as one-third of all agricultural yield. A
number of pathogens cause diseases in crop plants and domestic animals, causing
economic loss of the farmers. Similarly large number of insects and non-insects pests
also attack on crop plants and leads to economic loss. Each and every agricultural crops
are infested by number of pests that can cause severe damage. Pest constitute a large
number of insects attacking to the various crop plants. The immature stages or adult
insects are either foliage feeders or saps suckers. These insects bear chewing and
sucking type of mouth parts. They may be internal feeders or borers or subterranean
inhabitants. The important crops like jowar, bajara, wheat, cotton, sugarcane, etc. are
attacked by pests like stem borers, shoot fly, deccan wing grasshopper, armyworms, flea
bettles, aphids, leafhoppers, mites, jowar midge fly etc.

To study about the agricultural pest I chose Central horticulture center as study area.
This study is based on the presence of pests in available plants of the place.

1.2 Objectives

Objective 1: To study about different agricultural pests.

Objective 2: To study habitat and food preference of those pests.

 MATERIALS AND METHOD
2.1 STUDY AREA

Central horticulture center is situated in kirtipur, bagmati zone, central region, Nepal.
Central Horticulture Center, Kirtipur has a length of 1.85 kilometres.

2.2 MATERIALS

During my study, the materials that I had used were pencil, scissors (to cut plants parts),
mobile phone (to click the photo of pests that I had observed), magnifying glass for
closer appearance of pests.

Both primary and secondary data for its study were used in this report. Some of the
secondary source for my report writing were Wikipedia, course book, google etc.

2.3 METHOD OF IDENTIFICATION

Various methods of identification of pests were used. The photographed species were
identified using google websites.
 3. RESULTS
3.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PESTS

1. BRINJAL FRUIT OR SHOOT SOBER

Common name : Brinjal fruit & shoot borer

Scientific name: LEUCINODES ORBONALIS

Classification :

Kingdom : animalia

Phylum : Arthopoda

Class : Insecta

Order : Lepidoptera

Family : crambidae

Genus : Leucinodes

Species : L. orbonalis

Types of habitat

Especially found in Brinjal fruit and feed internally damaging the tender shoots and
fruits.

Nature of damage

Damage to the plant is caused mainly by the larvae, which bores through the
terminal part of the mid rib of large leaves and tender shoots to cause “dead
hearts”.

Life cycle of LEUCINODES ORBONALIS

 Eggs – Creamy white egg.

 Larva – Pink in color.
 Pupa- Greyish boat shaped cocoon.
 Adult- White with a characteristic wing
2. CUTWORMS

Common name: cutworms

Scientific name: Noctuidae spp.

Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia

Phylum : Arthropoda

Class : Insecta

Order : Lepidoptera

Super family : Noctuoidea

Family : Noctuidae

Genus : Agrotis

Species : A. ipsilon

Habitat :

This species is a seasonal migrant that travels north in the spring and south in the fall to
escape extreme temperatures in the summer and winter.

Feeding habit

They love eggplants. They chew through the stems of young seedlings, severing them at
the soil line.
3. Flea Beetles

Common name : Flea Beetles

Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia

Phylum : Arthropoda

Class : Insecta

Order : Coleoptera

Family : Chrysomelidae

Sub family : Galerucinae

Tribe : Alticini

Genus : Phyllotreta

Species : P. striolata

Habit and Habitat

Flea beetles live through the winter as adults in leaf litter, hedgerows, windbreaks
and wooded areas. Most flea beetles feed on very specific plants, but the pale-
striped flea beetle (Systena blanda) feeds on a variety of plants, like squash, beans,
corn, sunflowers, lettuce, potatoes and many weeds.

Damage caused by flea beetles

Flea beetles can cause significant reductions in plant stand and vigour of seedling canola
and mustard crops. Flea beetles first attack the plants at their most vulnerable stage,
between emergence and the growth of new leaves. This can impact the crop for the rest
of the growing season.
 CONCLUSIONS
From the study of agricultural pests, I found different agricultural pests i.e cutworms,
Brinjal fruit (shoot borer), flea beetles etc. which are very harmful to the crops. They
affect the crops by different parts making complete damage. This cause an adverse
effect in human too because agricultural pest decrease the crop productivity.

so, it should be controlled in a very effective way. For this, different kind of insecticides
and pesticides can be used which are not very harmful to humans.
 REFERENCES
Website https://morningchores.com/eggplant-pests-and-diseases/

Website https://www.bighaat.com/blogs/kb/management-of-deadly-insect-pest-brinjal-
shoot-and-fruit-borer

Website https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-
sciences/agricultural-pest

Mahadev Bista,Phd :A text book of practical zoology Invertibrates, Ayam publication,

Nepal.
 PHOTO PLATES

Fig : Brinjal fruit (fruit borer)

Fig : Cutworms

Fig : Flea Beetles