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    Lecture Arithmetic Sequence

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    Sharon

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    Lecture Arithmetic Sequence

    Uploaded by

    Sharon
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    Lecture Arithmetic Sequence

    Uploaded by

    Sharon

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Arithmetic Sequences

    Learning Competencies

    At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able


    to do the following:

    ● Illustrate an arithmetic sequence (M10AL-Ib-1).

    ● Determine the 𝑛th term of an arithmetic sequence.

    ● Solve problems involving sequences (M10AL-If-2).


    Objectives

    At the end of this lesson, the learners should be able to


    do the following:

    ● Find the common difference and the 𝑛th term of an


    arithmetic sequence.

    ● Solve problems involving arithmetic sequence.


    Did you know that
    you can get the
    approximate age (in
    years) of a tree
    based on its number
    of rings?
    Fig. 1. Tree Rings
    The number of rings
    indicate the annual
    pattern of the
    growth of a tree. This
    pattern is an
    example of a
    sequence.
    In this lesson, we will
    study a sequence
    that exhibits the
    same pattern with
    the tree rings.
    Essential Questions

    ● How do you compute for the common difference of an


    arithmetic sequence?

    ● How do you find the 𝑛th term of an arithmetic


    sequence?
    Learn about It!

    Arithmetic Sequence

    An arithmetic sequence is a sequence where each term


    after the first is obtained by adding a constant (called the
    common difference) to the preceding term.
    Example:
    a. 4, 8, 12, 16, ⋯
    b. −5, −2, 1, 4, ⋯
    Learn about It!

    Term

    A term refers to each value in a sequence.

    Example:

    4, 8, 12, 16, …

    The 1st term is 4, 2nd term is 8, 3rd term is 12, 4th term is 16
    and so on.
    Learn about It!

    General Term of a Sequence

    The general term of a sequence is the formula used to find


    the 𝑛th term of a sequence, which is 𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝟏 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅,
    where 𝑎𝑛 is the 𝑛th term, 𝑎1 is the first term, 𝑛 is the
    number of terms, and 𝑑 is the common difference.
    Learn about It!

    General Term of a Sequence

    Example:

    In the sequence 4, 8, 12, 16, ⋯, the 10th term can be found by


    substituting the values to the general term formula.

    𝑎10 = 4 + 10 − 1 4
    𝑎10 = 40
    Try it!Practice
    Let’s

    Example 1: Find the 20th term in the sequence 6, 13, 20, 27, …
    Solution to Let’s Practice

    Find the 20th term in the sequence 6, 13, 20, 27, …

    Solution:
    Identify the common difference of the sequence.
    13 − 6 = 7
    20 − 13 = 7
    27 − 20 = 7

    Thus, the common difference is 7.


    Solution to Let’s Practice

    Find the 20th term in the sequence 6, 13, 20, 27, …

    Solution:
    List all information needed to use the formula for the general
    term.

    𝑎1 = 6, 𝑑 = 7, 𝑛 = 20
    Solution to Let’s Practice

    Find the 20th term in the sequence 6, 13, 20, 27, …

    Solution:
    Substitute the given information to the formula.
    𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + 𝑛 − 1 𝑑
    𝑎20 = 6 + 20 − 1 7
    𝑎20 = 6 + 19 7
    𝑎20 = 6 + 133
    𝑎20 = 139
    Solution to Let’s Practice

    Find the 20th term in the sequence 6, 13, 20, 27, …

    Solution:

    Therefore, the 20th term of the given sequence is 139.


    Try it!Practice
    Let’s

    Example 2: Find the 30th term of an arithmetic sequence if


    the 5th term is −10 and the common difference is 6.
    Solution to Let’s Practice

    Find the 30th term of an arithmetic sequence if the 5th term


    is −10 and the common difference is 6.

    Solution: Use the formula for arithmetic sequence, then


    substitute the given information.

    Solve the first term by substituting 𝑛 = 5, 𝑎5 = −10, and 𝑑 = 6


    to the formula.
    Solution to Let’s Practice

    Find the 30th term of an arithmetic sequence if the 5th term


    is −10 and the common difference is 6.

    Solution:
    𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + 𝑛 − 1 𝑑
    𝑎5 = 𝑎1 + 5 − 1 6
    −10 = 𝑎1 + 4 6
    −10 = 𝑎1 + 24
    𝑎1 = −10 − 24
    𝑎1 = −34
    Solution to Let’s Practice

    Find the 30th term of an arithmetic sequence if the 5th term


    is −10 and the common difference is 6.

    Solution:
    Using 𝑎1 = −34, solve for the 30th term of the sequence.
    𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + 𝑛 − 1 𝑑
    𝑎30 = −34 + 30 − 1 6
    𝑎30 = −34 + 29 6
    𝑎30 = −34 + 174
    𝑎30 = 140
    Solution to Let’s Practice

    Find the 30th term of an arithmetic sequence if the 5th term


    is −10 and the common difference is 6.

    Solution:

    Therefore, the 30th term of the sequence is 140.

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