Introduction To Isometric Drawing

Introduction to Isometric Drawing
Isometric drawing is a system of representation of figures, used in

technical drawing, which is used for the representation of pieces,
characterizing them under three working planes or isoplanes : the upper,
the right and the left (Fernández Coppel, 2007) , as shown in the following
image:
Each of the isoplanes forms an angle of 120º and an angle of 30º with the
horizontal, which is why the representation of the isometric drawing is
made using, preferably, the 30º- 60º- 90º square, using, in effect, the angle
of 30º
Despite their similarity, an isometric drawing should not be confused

with one drawn in three dimensions or in the XYZ coordinate system.
Although the possibility of preparing this type of drawing manually
through the use of drawing tools was discussed, it is possible through
software specialized in technical drawing, such as Autocad.
An isometric projection is a graphical method of representation, more specifically an

axonometric 1 cylindrical 2 orthogonal one. 3 It constitutes a visual representation of a three-
dimensional object in two dimensions, in which the three main orthogonal axes, when
projected, form angles of 120º, and the dimensions parallel to said axes are measured on
the same scale.
The term isometric comes from the Greek language : "equal measurement", since the
measurement scale is the same on the three main axes (x, y, z).
Isometry is one of the forms of projection used in technical drawing that has the
advantage of allowing representation to scale, and the disadvantage of not reflecting the
apparent decrease in size - proportional to the distance - perceived by the human eye .
Isometric projection of a Bayer filter on a sensor.

Index
[ disguise ]
 1 Display
 2 Isometric Drawing
 3 Applications
o 3.1 In design and technical drawing
o 3.2 In Architecture
o 3.3 In video games
 4 Mathematical aspects
o 4.1 Reduction factor on the axes
o 4.2 Coordinate transformation
 4.2.1 Transformation of a circle of the plane containing two axes

 5 Notes
 6 Bibliography
 7 External links
Display [ edit ]
Isometry determines a viewing direction in which the projection of the x , y , and z

coordinate axes make up the same angle, that is, 120º with respect to each other. Objects
are displayed with a 45º viewpoint rotation in the three main directions (x, y, z).
This perspective can be visualized by considering the point of view located at the upper
vertex of a cubic room, looking towards the opposite vertex. The x and y axes are the lines
where the walls meet the floor, and the z axis, the vertical one, is the meeting of the walls.
In the drawing, the axes (and their parallel lines) maintain 120º between them.
Within the set of axonometric or cylindrical projections, there are other types of perspective,
which differ by the position of the main axes, and the use of different reduction coefficients
to compensate for visual distortions.
Isometric Drawing
A widely used variety of Isometric Perspective is Isometric Drawing . In Isometric the

dimension reduction coefficient is equivalent to approximately 0.816, that is, along the axes
a real dimension of 1 is multiplied by that factor. Since the reduction is identical in the
three axes, the isometric drawing is made without reduction, with the dimensions parallel to
the axes at a 1:1 scale or natural scale, without changing the appearance of the drawing
except in its size. This allows both to draw these dimensions directly on the paper (which
facilitates drawing by Cartesian coordinates ) and to measure those of an object directly in
the drawing. The appearance of the drawing is identical although larger, and the
dimensions that in the correct perspective would be equal to the real ones (those parallel to
the projection plane) are larger.
The scale on which the Isometric Drawing is larger with respect to the Isometric
Perspective is approximately 1.22.
Applications [ edit ]
The figures on the left are the views in a dihedral system, while on the right an isometric projection with a
partial section is seen.
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In design and technical drawing [ edit ]

In industrial design, a piece is represented from different points of view, perpendicular to
the natural coordinate axes. A piece with mechanical movement generally has shapes with
axes of symmetry or flat faces. Such axes, or the edges of the faces, allow us to define an
orthogonal projection.
An isometric perspective of the part can easily be drawn from such views, allowing for
improved understanding of the object's shape.
In Architecture
The Louvre Castle, an isometric drawing by Viollet-le-Duc, used this system in many drawings of his
buildings, avoiding accentuating the importance of some volumes over others and becoming independent
of the observer's point of view.
The perspective of this drawing of the castle is not isometric, if it were, the castle towers
would be drawn with the same height and diameter, in addition the ridge lines of the roofs
would be parallel to each other, forming a rhombus or rhomboid depending on the castle
floor.

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Introduction to Isometric Drawing

Isometric drawing is a system of representation of figures, used in

Despite their similarity, an isometric drawing should not be confused

An isometric projection is a graphical method of representation, more specifically an

Isometric projection of a Bayer filter on a sensor.

 4.2.1 Transformation of a circle of the plane containing two axes

Isometry determines a viewing direction in which the projection of the x , y , and z

A widely used variety of Isometric Perspective is Isometric Drawing . In Isometric the

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In design and technical drawing [ edit ]

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