TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1: Inspect And Maintain The Product Quality (ASC/N6301)

Unit 1.1: Pre- Delivery Inspection of The Product
Unit 1.2: Manufacturing Process Being Followed For Each Product
Unit 1.3: Inspection checkpoints NPD, Production, Dock Audit etc.
Unit 1.4: Coordination with R&D / Quality Manager CAPA , CI
Unit 1.5: Inspection Of Final Product

Chapter 2: Maintain a healthy, safe and secure working environment (ASC/N0006)

Unit 2.1: Basic Knowledge Of Safety Procedures ( Fire Fighting, First Aid) Within The
Organization
Unit 2.2: Basic Knowledge Of Various Types Of PPES And Their Usage
Unit 2.3: Basic Knowledge Of Risks Associated With Each Occupation In The Organization
Unit 2.4: Knowledge Of Personal Hygiene

Chapter 3: Maintain 5 S activities in the premises (ASC/N0021)

Unit 3.1: Have Basic Knowledge of 5S Procedures/Know Various Types of 5S Practices
Followed in Various Areas
Unit 3.2: Understand the Importance of Standardization in Processes/ Sustainability in 5S
Unit 3.3: Have Knowledge of Labels, Signs & Colours Used as Indicators
Unit 3.4: Have Knowledge of TQM Process/ Understand Visual Controls, Symbols, Graphs etc.
QC Inspector Level 3

Chapter - 1
Inspect And Maintain The Product Quality
அத் தியாயம் 1

தயொரிெ் பின் தரத்தத ெரிச ொதித்து ெரொமரித்தெ்

(ASC/N6301)
.

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Key Learning Objectives

After attending this session, the trainees would be able to –
 Practice a proper pre- delivery inspection of the manufactured product
 Prepare for the manufacturing processes that are followed for each product
 Evaluate the inspection checkpoints NPD, Production, Dock Audit etc.
 Manage the coordination needed between R&D / Quality Manager CAPA , CI
 Conclude with inspection of final manufactured product

Unit 1.1: Pre- Delivery Inspection of The Product

Unit Objectives
After attending this unit, the trainees would be able to –
 Evaluate the Job Role of a QC Inspector
 Examine the concept of Pre Delivery Inspection (PDI)
 Explain the stepwise PDI procedure

Introduction to the Job Role

The general meaning of the term 'inspection' means the activity of checking and verifying. Such
checks are done in order to maintain and improve the quality of the manufactured products. The
task of a Quality Check (QC) Inspector is to do checks and audits to analyze the manufacturing
procedures and manufactured products. The QC Inspectors generally follow a pre-decided
checklist that is based on the specifications of each product. The products that falls under
inspection can be anything from components that are used for production, semi-finished goods,
finished goods that re going to be shipped etc. Most often the finished goods that are going to
be shipped are inspected thoroughly before shipment in order to ensure the delivery of first
class products to the potential customers.

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Overview of Pre Delivery Inspection

A pre-delivery inspection (PDI) is a kind of vivid inspection, carried out
by the Quality Check (QC) Inspector, prior to the final delivery of the
manufactured product. In case of the automotive industry, a pre-
delivery inspection is the final check carried out by the QC Inspector
on various manufactured products before handing it over to the
customers. This includes various checks to ensure that the product is
up to a certain standard before it is presented in front of the purchaser.
In many cases, the person who completes the PDI checklist becomes
responsible for future improvements of the product. Therefore, the
expertise of a QC Inspector typically is less than that of a mechanic,
but the person needs to have a basic working knowledge of the
components of the vehicle and will perform basic maintenance and
troubleshooting.

The PDI Checklist

The table given below shows the step-wise procedure of PDI that is meticulously followed by
the QC Inspectors.

Pre-Delivery Inspection
1. Engine  All fluids such as washer, coolant, brake, power steering,
Compartment transmission and engine, are topped up.
 The hood latch is lubricated to ensure smooth operation.
 The battery is tested for full charge and everything else is
examined for visual defects and abnormal noises.
2. Underside  Associated oils for all-wheel drive vehicles are checked.
 Hoses, lines, the exhaust system and suspension components
are visually inspected, and the brakes are serviced.
3. Interior  The pedals are operated, looking for free play, and the brakes
checked for correct operation.
 The steering wheel is aligned, and fuses installed for the radio
and other electronic accessories.
 Every individual component of the interior is scrutinized.
 Locks, latches and hinges are lubricated, and the clock.
 Radio station pre-sets are adjusted accordingly.
4. Exterior  All lighting is turned on and the headlights are aimed.
 Tire pressures, including the spare tire, are set to manufacturer-
suggested specifications.
 Windshield wipers and washer fluid level are examined, as well
as all body panels and components (i.e. Weatherstrips,
bumpers, mouldings).

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5. Road Test  The vehicle is driven for the recommended 10 kilometres on

both city and highway roads, listening and feeling for any issues.
 The engine, transmission, clutch, brakes, steering, cruise
control, lane departure warning and air suspension, if applicable,
are all inspected, as is the alignment and steering wheel for
shimmying/pulling.
 The computer is scanned for any diagnostic trouble codes.
6. Final  All protective coverings are removed, and floor mats are put in
Preparation place.
 Wheel covers and wheel locks are installed, if required (locks
are only used on alloy wheels). Paint condition and emblems are
checked.
 The jack, wheel nut wrench, owner’s manual, service passport,
warranty booklet and guides are verified to be in their proper
spots.
 Finally, if needed, a license plate bracket and open-road plate
frames are outfitted.

Unit 1.2: Manufacturing Process Being Followed For Each Product

Unit Objectives
After attending this unit, the trainees would be able to –
 Evaluate the concept of manufacturing processes
 Examine basic manufacturing processes
 Formulate the manufacturing procedure related to the Automotive Industry

Overview Of Manufacturing Processes

Basically the process of manufacturing refers to the procedure of converting the raw materials
into useful products. This is normally accomplished by carrying out a set of activities such as
product design, selection of raw materials, material processing and so on.
There are large number of manufacturing procedures that are generally followed in various
industries. In case of automotive industry, the manufacturing processes are generally
categorized based of certain characteristic traits and common features.

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Basic Manufacturing Processes

Primarily, the process of manufacturing can be broadly divided into four categories. They are :

1. Molding : If the products that are supposed to be created start out as liquid, chances are
there that manufacturer will use the technique molding. One popular type of molding is
casting, which involves heating plastic until it becomes liquid, then pouring it into a mold.

2. Machining : It is difficult to make products like metal parts without the use of few
machines. Tools like saws, sheers and rotating wheels are used to achieve the desired
results. There are also tools that use heat to shape items.

3. Joining : After molding and machining, multiple parts of a particular product are supposed
to be put together to make one whole product. Joining uses processes like welding and
soldering to apply heat to combine materials. Pieces can also be joined using adhesive
bonding or fastener as well.

4. Shearing and Forming : When dealing with sheet metal, shearing comes into the
scenario. Shearing uses cutting blades to make straight cuts into a piece of metal.
Another metal-shaping process is forming, which uses compression or another type of
stress to move materials into a desired shape.

Manufacturing Procedure – Automotive Industry

The automotive industry has its own specific set of rules related to the manufacturing of
products. Let us have a look into the stages that are included in the manufacturing procedures :

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 The product plans and quality specifications are

received, proposal for a product is drawn up.
1. Initial Planning  Cost estimate is calculated based on the proposal.
Stage  The feasibility of manufacturing the proposed product on
a commercial scale is considered.
 Specification details are decided and design of the
2. Product product is selected.
Development Phase  The necessary manufacturing tools and materials are
selected.
 A prototype of the product is developed according to the
pre-decided specifications.
3. Prototype  Checks are performed to make sure that the new product
Production and meets the desired end and match the standardized
Evaluation levels.
 In case the products fails to match up to the standards,
whole process is repeated again.
 In order to build a manufacturing line that can efficiently
4. Commercial produce high quality products, a forging simulation is
Prototype carried out.
Production Planning  A proposal is made regarding a pertinent manufacturing
design and layout.
 Based on the manufacturing design and layout proposed
in the Commercial prototype production planning stage, a
5. Commercial manufacturing line and a commercial prototype is
Prototype produced.
Production and
Evaluation  Checks are performed to see whether the product meets
the required commercial manufacturing line quality
standards.
 When all the preparations are complete, commercial
production begins.
6. Commercial  Even at this stage, modifications and improvements are
Production made to the manufacturing line, if and when needed.
 The whole team actively cooperates to make high quality
products as efficiently as possible.
 The completed goods are closely inspected manually
7. Quality
Check/Inspection and by machine to make sure there are no defects or
flaws.
 The goods that pass the inspection are delivered to the
8. Shipment and customer.
Delivery  The products are packed carefully to prevent
contamination or damage.

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Unit 1.3: Inspection checkpoints NPD, Production, Dock Audit etc.

Unit Objectives
After attending this unit, the trainees would be able to –
 Evaluate inspection checkpoints that are used for the automotive industry
 Analyze the concept of NPD : New Product Development
 Recognize the checkpoints of Production
 Analyze the concept of Dock Audit

Inspection Checkpoints
Generally, there are certain checkpoints which are taken into consideration while the quality
check of a product is conducted. In case of the automotive industry as well, there are certain
checkpoints that help the QC Inspector to go ahead with his/her work. In this particular unit we
are all going to discuss about those particular checkpoints.

NPD : New Product Development

Every new product that is developed in the automotive industry goes through certain pre-
determined stages in order to become a product that can be delivered to the customers. Such
stages of New Product Development are described below :

Step 1  Concept, styling and development of a package

Step 2  Construction design
Step 3  Calculation and simulation
Step 4  Checking and testing
Step 5  Industrialization and marketing

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Production
When inspecting general consumer products, most companies classify defects and checkpoints
in these four main categories:
1) Aesthetics and appearance
2) Conformance to specifications (including measurements)
3) Function, usability and endurance
4) Safety & regulatory

Again, these categories can be divided into various sub-categories. they are discussed below –

Aesthetics And Appearance

Surface defects
Colour inconsistency
Burns
Flow marks
Haze
Sink marks
Knit or weld lines
Flash
Texture

Conformance to Specifications
Critical parameters
Defect rates
Weight
Tensile strength (if needed)
Impact strength (if needed)
Material hardness (if needed)
Chemical composition
Corrosion resistance(if needed)
Environmental tests(if needed)
Packaging and labeling

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Function, Usability And Endurance

Form
Fit
Function

Safety & Regulatory

Sharp edges
Pinch point
Weight
X-Ray requirements

This way of categorizing checkpoints may not be the most perfect procedure. There is some
overlap — for example, many Conformance attributes might be subjected to safety and
regulatory requirements. However, this approach is very useful for writing a list of checkpoints
and thinking of potential defects. It is logically organized. This will be very helpful for a person
who wants to be a trained QC Inspector in his/her life.

Dock Audit
An audit is a systematic yet independent and
documented process for obtaining the evidence that are
required to verify the quality of the work that is done and
evaluating it objectively. Also, an audit is a written
document that determine the extent to which the criteria
for the given work are fulfilled.
A dock audit is sometimes categorized as a product
audit. The very last opportunity to check and verify
customer specific requirements is basically known as
dock audit. In the automotive industry, the dock audit is
an essential part of the whole manufacturing procedure.
The final quality of the manufactured product depends
on this final check that is conducted by the QC
Inspector.

Conduct A Dock Audit Of A Sample Batch From The Production Lot Of The Ready To
Dispatch Final Products

The specific steps for conducting a dock audit by a QC Inspector are given below :

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Checkpoints
 Product in good shape with no visible damage – The QC Inspector has to
make sure that the appearance of the product is in accordance with the
specification with no signs of damage or distress.
 Presence of sharp edges in the product – It is the duty of the QC Inspector to
make it a point that there are no sharp edges of the product that can possibly
cause a damage or injury to the customer.
 Wear and tear of the product – Wear and tear is damage that naturally and
inevitably occurs as a result of aging. The QC Inspector is supposed to look after
the quality of the manufactured product and make sure the product is in good
condition.
 Presence of any physical defects – It is the duty of the QC Inspector to make
sure that the product is undamaged and is deliverable to the customers. In case of
any physical defects, it has to be at once reported to the concerned authorities.
 Packaging of product according to customer specification – Following
customer specifications is extremely important while dealing with the automotive
industry. The responsibility of the QC Inspector includes talking care of the
customer specifications as specified for each product.
 Packaging boxes as per the requirement for preservation – Every product has
certain preservation procedure. During an audit, the QC inspector has to make
sure that the manufactured products are being preserved properly in appropriate
packaging boxes.
 Customer PO number on the shipping labels – The QC Inspector should check
and verify whether the PO numbers of the customers are properly put on the
shipping labels. This is also a part of the responsibility of the QC Inspector.
 Boxes labeled correctly with packer name – The QC Inspector should check
and see whether the boxes are labeled correctly with appropriate packer names
on the boxes. This is also a part of the duty of the QC Inspector.
 Count on the bill of lading match the count on the pallet – This is another
important duty of the QC Inspector. Counting the bill of landing and matching it to
the count that is there on the pallet is to be done by the QC Inspector in this stage
of work.
 Boxes stacked neatly in case of pallet arrangement – The QC Inspector should
check and verify whether the packaging boxes are stacked neatly in case of pallet
arrangement. This is also a part of the responsibility of the QC Inspector.
 Damages of the pallet like nails sticking out, broken boards, etc. – The QC
Inspector has to make sure that the appearance of the pallet is in accordance with
the specification with no signs of damage or distress like nails sticking out, broken
boards, etc.

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Review The Effectiveness Of Implementation And Repeat The Process Till The
Discrepancies Are Resolved
In case of the automotive industry, generally the dock audits take place after the whole process
of manufacturing is complete but before the product actually reaches the customer. If a product
doesn’t meet standard requirements or specifications after the QC inspection, the QC Inspector
documents the findings and logs a non-conformance. These non-conformance are the
discrepancies, errors or faults that the inspector finds out during the audit process.

The discrepancies are usually resolved by QC Inspectors in the following way :

Step 1 Identifying the problems, errors or faults during the audit.

Step 2 Containing the non-conformance.
Reworking on the manufactured products or repairing the
Step 3
products, if possible.
Disposing of nonconforming products if you can’t rework or repair
Step 4
them.
Determining the necessary counter-measures for preventing
Step 5
recurrence.
Step 6 Conducting the audit process once again from the beginning.

Product audits or dock audits can help a manufacturer improve quality, profits, customer
satisfaction, and loyalty. Therefore, such audits are very important. A trained QC Inspector
should take the process seriously and conduct such audits as meticulously as possible.
The QC Inspector must do them consistently and effectively, taking steps to identify process
errors that are the root cause of defects. If such an inspection in not done properly, there shall
be an abnormal increase in the internal failure rates and an increased likelihood of defects
going undetected until they reach the customer.

Document The Observations Of Dock Audit And Maintain Records

Please refer to the Sample Dock Audit form given below for maintaining records :

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Unit 1.4: Coordination with R&D / Quality Manager CAPA , CI

Unit Objectives
After attending this unit, the trainees would be able to –
 Manage the coordination needed between R&D / Quality Manager CAPA , CI
 Evaluate the necessary steps needed for the coordination

Overview of Coordination
The term ‘coordination’ has a great significance. Coordination means
the unification, integration, synchronization of the efforts of the group
members so as to provide unity of action in the pursuit of common
goals. It is a hidden force which binds all other functions of
management and all the workers and employees who work under the
same umbrella.
Good coordination between the employees of the organization leads
to better understanding and a smoother flow of work. Also, the team
spirit is enhanced as a result of good coordination between the
members of a particular team.

 R&D – R&D stands for Research and Development. In the automotive industry, there is a
separate team that looks after the research and development procedure that takes places
before the launch of every new product. But not only that, research and development is
needed in every phase of a product’s design, construction, launch and post-launch.

 Quality Manager – The person who is responsible for judging the quality of the newly
launched products and the existing products is known as a Quality Manager. Any needed
rectification of a manufactured product is generally suggested by the Quality Manager.

 CAPA – CAPA stands for Corrective and Preventive Action. Generally there is an entire
team dedicated for the purpose of corrective and preventive actions. They are responsible
for the remedial actions that are required in case of any of the organization that falls under
the automotive industry.

Participate for preparation of Fault tree, conducting simulation and implementation of

actions
Fault Tree analysis is a top-down deductive system of failure analysis in which an undesired state
of a system is analyzed using Boolean logic to combine a series of events of the lower lever. This
method of analysis is generally used in case of safety engineering and reliability engineering to
actually understand how systems can fail, to point out best methods to reduce risks and to
determine event rates of an occurred accident or a particular system level failure.

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Fault Tree Analysis Process :

 Define top-level failure
 Add inputs or faults
 Add actual or potential causes
 Draw the fault tree diagram
 Analyze for the root causes
 Launch a plan for removing the cause of the problem

Necessary Stages of Coordination

Please follow the table below to understand the various aspects of coordination that is supposed
to be looked after by a trained QC Inspector :

Necessary Stages What Needs to be Done

 The term ‘CFT’ refers to Customer Focus Team.
 It is a part of the duty of the QC inspector to
1. Work as a CFT member of coordinate with the CFT that is always present
the team formed for solving within the organization.
a problem pertaining to the  The QC Inspector has to work as a team member
products handled. Collect and look after the problems pertaining to the
data regarding the problem manufactured products that are handled by the
as decided in the team organization.
discussions
 The QC Inspector has to collect data regarding
the problem as decided in the prior team
discussions.

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 It is the duty of a QC Inspector to keep updating

relevant documents according to the progress of
3. Participate for updating the inspection procedure.
relevant documentation
 The updates should be made in accordance with
the date and time of the latest inspection session.
 The responsibility of the QC Inspector includes
coordination with the New Product Development
4. Assist the NPD department (NPD) department and assisting them to develop
in efficient development of new designs and new products.
the new product by sharing  The QC Inspector is supposed to do the
all the problems related to validation of the newly designed products.
QCD observed in the  Also, if any faults or defects are reflected in
existing products already existing products, the QC inspector is
supposed to make sure that the similar faults are
not present in the newer products.
 The coordination has to be maintained with the
5. Coordinate with the respective process owners or stores in order to
respective process ensure the smooth flow of operations.
owners/Stores, seniors and
 If any discrepancies are tracked during the dock
implement CAPA for
audit, that has to be reported as soon as possible
discrepancies identified in
to the respective authorities.
the dock audit on
immediate basis  The QC inspector has to make sure that these
discrepancies are solved immediately.

Unit 1.5: Inspection Of Final Product

Unit Objectives
After attending this unit, the trainees would be able to –
 Evaluate the inspection of the final product
 Analyze the handling of the inspection equipment and instruments
 Examine the effectiveness of implementation of the final inspection procedure

Basically there are four phases in the process of quality check. They are :
1. Pre-Production Inspection
2. During the Production Inspection
3. Final Random Inspection
4. Final Inspection

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2. In the Production phase as per the CP/ Quality plan/ sampling Plan/Stage inspection
plans/ First off IR
The following points are the stages of inspection during the final production phase :
 Quality control plan
 Failure mode effects analysis
 Statistical process control plan
 Measurement system analysis
 Production part approval process

Handle Inspection Equipment And Instruments Such As :

The table below shows the inspection equipment and instruments that are supposed to be taken
care of by a QC Inspector :

Inspection Relevant Images

Equipment And
Instruments

1. Vernier,
Micrometers

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4. Simple Gauges –
Bore, Air , Profile

For Safe Storage, Calibration At Pre-Decided Frequency And Have An Acceptable Level Of
R & R As Per SOP Of The Organization
The QC Inspector should emphasize the following factors that will contribute to reducing
workplace hazards regarding the safe handling of inspection equipment and instruments :
 Alerting the employee to the dangers of lifting equipment and instruments without proper
training.
 Showing the employee how to avoid unnecessary physical stress and strain.
 Teaching workers to become aware of what they can comfortably handle without undue
strain.
 Instructing workers on the proper use of equipment and instruments that are used in the
automotive industry.

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 Teaching workers to recognize potential hazards and how to prevent or correct them.
 Awareness of health risks to improper lifting.
 Knowledge of the basic anatomy of the spine, the muscles, and the joints of the trunk, and
the contributions of intra-abdominal pressure while lifting.
 Awareness of individual body strengths and weaknesses— determining one’s own lifting
capacity.
 Recognition of the physical factors that might contribute to an accident and how to avoid
the unexpected.
 Use of safe lifting postures and timing for smooth, easy lifting and the ability to minimize the
load-moment effects.
 Use of handling aids such as stages, platforms, or steps, trestles, shoulder pads, and
handles.
 Knowledge of body responses—warning signals—to be aware of when lifting.

Conduct Inspection Of The Product Covering The Following Checkpoints:

Suggested Checkpoints What Needs To Be Done

 A trained QC Inspector is supposed to make sure that

1. Visual Inspection of
the visual inspection of the manufactured products are
the part for scratches,
done in an appropriate manner. Any part that is
dents , damages,
tampered or damaged like scratches, dents ,
packings per the
norms etc. damages, packaging defaults etc. are supposed to be
reported to the authority at once.
2. Special inspection co-
 Apart from visual inspection, conducting special
ordinated with other
inspection is also the duty of the QC Inspector.
agencies e.g. Lab:
Coordinating with other agencies for conducting a
Material, Lab:
special inspection of Standards Room, assembly /
Standards Room,
assembly / performance trials etc. are supposed to be conducted
by the trained QC Inspector.
performance trials etc.
 A trained QC Inspector should be able to verify
3. Identification
whether the sticker, number, label etc. of the product
sticker/number/label
is properly placed or not. In case they are not placed
placed on the product
properly, it should be reported at once.
 A part of the QC Inspector’s duty is to see whether all
4. Functioning of the
the manufactured products are functioning properly as
product and its
components per specifications or not. In case they are not
functioning properly, it should be reported at once.
 At the end of every inspection, documenting the
reports related to the quality errors and faults are
5. Documentation
supposed to be submitted by the QC Inspector. Future
pertaining to the
Quality changes related to the quality of the product generally
depends on these reports that are presented by the
QC Inspector.

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