Algorithm characteristics
1. It should have finite number of steps. No one can be expected to execute infinite number of steps.
2. The steps must be in order and simple
3. Each step should be defined clearly stated i.e. without un-ambiguity (without doubtfulness)
4. Must include all required information
5. Should exhibit at least one output
Algorithm Flowchart Program
An algorithm is defined as A flowchart is pictorial Set of instructions. Instruction is
sequence of steps to solve a (graphical) representation of a command to the computer to
problem (task). an algorithm. do some task.
Algorithm can also be defined as A picture is worth of 1000 Implementation of Algorithm or
a plan to solve a problem and words. We can understand more flowchart
represents its logic. from picture than words.
Different algorithms have different performance characteristics to solve the same problem. Some
algorithms are fast. Some are slow. Some occupy more memory space. Some occupy less memory
space. Some are complex and some algorithms are simple.
Logically algorithm, flowchart and program are the same.
1|Page G . V I J A Y K U M A R Department of CSE &CS
Examples of Algorithms and Flowcharts (with C code)
1. To find sum of two numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program
1. Start Start
2. Read a, b
3. c=a+b
4. Print or display c Read a, b
5. Stop
c=a+b
Write c
Stop
2. Finding Area of the square
Algorithm Flowchart Program
Start
1. Start
2. Read length, L
3. area = L*L Read L
4. Print or display area
5. Stop
area = L*L
Write
area
Stop
2|Page G . V I J A Y K U M A R Department of CSE &CS
3. Finding Area of the rectangle
Algorithm Flowchart Program
Start
1. Start
2. Read side length, a Read a
3. Read side length b
4. area = a*b
5. Print or display area
Read b
6. Stop
area = a*b
Write
area
Stop
4. Area of a triangle where three sides are given
Algorithm Flowchart Program
Start
1. Start
2. Read a, b, c
3. s = (a+b+c)/2
Read a, b, c
4. A=sqrt (s *(s-a)*(s-b)*(s-c))
5. Print or display A
6. Stop
s = (a+b+c)/2
A = sqrt s(s-a)*(s-b)*(s-c)
Write
A
Stop
3|Page G . V I J A Y K U M A R Department of CSE &CS
5. Find the area & perimeter of a square
Algorithm Flowchart Program
1. Start Start
2. Read length L
3. Area A = L*L
4. Perimeter P = 4*L Read L
5. Print or display A,P
6. Stop
A = L*L
P = 4*L
Write
A, P
Stop
6. Calculating the average for 3 numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program
1. Start
2. Read 3 numbers A, B, C
3. Calculate the average by
the equation:
Average = (A + B + C)/3
4. Print average
5. Stop
4|Page G . V I J A Y K U M A R Department of CSE &CS
7. Greatest of two numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program
1. Start
2. Read A,B
3. If A > B then
Print A is large
else
Print B is large
4. Stop
8. Interchange the value of two numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program
1. Start
2. Read two values into two variables a, b
3. Declare third variable, c
c=a
a=b
b=c
4. Print or display a, b
5. Stop
5|Page G . V I J A Y K U M A R Department of CSE &CS
9. Calculate simple interest using the expression (SI=PNR/100)
Algorithm Flowchart Program
Start
1. Start
2. Read P, N, R
3. SI=(PNR)/100 Read P, N, R
4. Print SI
5. Stop
SI = (P*N*R)/100
Write
SI
Stop
10. Convert temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius
Algorithm Flowchart Program
1. Start
2. Initialize F = 0, C = 0
3. Read F
4. C = (F-32) * 5/9
5. Write C
6. Stop
6|Page G . V I J A Y K U M A R Department of CSE &CS
11. Draw a flowchart for computing factorial N, where N! = 1 * 2 * 3 * …… N
Algorithm Flowchart Program
Start
1. Start
2. Read N
3. Initialize F =1, i = 1
Read N
4. F = F * i;
5. Increment i by 1
6. Repeat step 4 & 5 until i = N
F=1
7. Print F i=1
8. Stop
F=F*i
i=i+1 No Is
i = N?
Yes
Write F
Stop
7|Page G . V I J A Y K U M A R Department of CSE &CS
12. Find the Sum of First Five Natural Numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program
1. Start
2. Initialize count = 0, sum = 0
3. count = count + 1
4. sum = sum + count
5. Repeat steps 3,4 until count > 5
6. Print sum
7. Stop
13. Calculating sum of integers 1 to 100
Algorithm Flowchart Program
1. Start
2. Initialize count i = 1, sum = 0 Start
3. sum = sum + i
4. Increment i by 1
i=1
5. Repeat steps 3 & 4 until i > 100 sum = 0
6. Print sum
7. Stop
sum = sum + i
i=i+1
No Is
i>100?
Yes
Write
sum
Stop
8|Page G . V I J A Y K U M A R Department of CSE &CS
14. To find the sum of n natural Numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program
1. Start
2. Read n
3. count=0
4. sum=0
5. count = count + 1
6. sum = sum + count
7. Repeat steps 5 & 6 until
count > n
8. Print sum
9. Stop
9|Page G . V I J A Y K U M A R Department of CSE &CS
15. Sum of squares of n natural numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program
Start
1. Start
2. Read n
3. i = 0, sum = 0
Read n
4. i=i+1
5. sum = sum + (i*i)
6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 until i > n
i=0
7. Print sum sum = 0
8. Stop
i=i+1
sum = sum + (i*i)
No Is
i>n
Yes
Write
sum
Stop
10 | P a g e G . V I J A Y K U M A R Department of CSE &CS
16. To find the sum of all even numbers up to ‘n’
Algorithm Flowchart Program
Start
1. Start
2. Read n
3. count=0 READ n
4. sum=0
5. count = count + 2
6. sum = sum + count count = 0
7. Repeat steps 5 & 6 until count ≤ n sum = 0
8. Print sum
9. Stop
count = count+ 2
sum = sum + count
No Is
count ≤ n
Yes
Write
sum
Stop
11 | P a g e G . V I J A Y K U M A R Department of CSE &CS
17. To find Product of numbers up to N
Algorithm Flowchart Program
1. Start Start
2. Read n
3. count i = 1
4. product = 1 READ n
5. product=count*product
6. count = count + 1
7. Repeat steps 5,6 until count ≤ N count i = 1
8. Print product product = 1
9. Stop
count = count + 1
product = product*count
Is
count ≤ n
No
Yes
Write
product
Stop
12 | P a g e G . V I J A Y K U M A R Department of CSE &CS
18. Sum of first 50 odd numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program
1. Start
2. sum=0, n = 1
3. sum=sum + n
4. n=n+2
5. Repeat steps 4 and 5 until
n ≤ 99
6. Print sum
7. Stop
13 | P a g e G . V I J A Y K U M A R Department of CSE &CS