Example 4 Eng

Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015 Example 4
Example 4. Analysis of 3D framework of the structure with base slab on elastic

foundation
In this lesson you will learn how to:

– generate design model;
– define elastic foundation;
– deal with design options;
– determine reinforcement for plate elements of the framework;
– select and check steel sections of bars in the framework;
– define static loads and earthquake load.
– define DCF and DCL tables.
Description:
Model of the building structure is presented in Fig.4.1.
3
3D structure with base slab on elastic foundation with modulus of subgrade reaction C1 = 1000 t/m .
Material for frame – steel, material for slabs and diaphragm - reinforced concrete B30.
Analysis is performed for FE mesh18 x 24.
Loads:
– load case 1 – dead weight;
– load case 2 – uniformly distributed load g1 = 1.5 t/m2 applied to the floor slabs of the 1st and 2nd storeys;
uniformly distributed load g2 = 2.0 t/m2 applied to foundation;
– load case 3 – snow load g3 = 0.08 t/m2.
– load case 4 – earthquake load. Seismicity of the site is 7 units of magnitude, soil category 1.
Unfavourable direction of earthquake load is along the smaller side of the structure.
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Example 4 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015
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Figure 4.1 Model of the building structure
Sections of elements of the frame:

– beams – I-section with parallel edges of flanges (beam-type), shape
( );
– columns – I-section with parallel edges of flanges, column-type, shape
( );
– floor slabs – thickness 200 mm;
– diaphragm – thickness 300 mm;
– foundation – base slab of thickness 500 mm.

On the taskbar, click the Start button, and then point to All Programs. Point to the folder that contains
LIRA SAPR / LIRA-SAPR 2015 and then click LIRA-SAPR 2015.
Step 1. Creating new problem

On the File menu, click New (button on the toolbar).
In the Model type dialog box (see Fig.4.2) specify the following data:
problem name – Example4;
model type – 5 – Six degrees of freedom per node (translations X, Y, Z and rotations Ux, Uy, Uz).
Click OK .
Figure 4.2 Model type dialog box
It is also possible to open the Model type dialog box with a pre-defined type of model. To do this, on
the LIRA-SAPR menu (Application menu), point to New and click Model type 5 (Six DOF per node)
command . One more way to do the same: on the Quick Access Toolbar, click New and in the
drop-down menu select Model type 5 (Six DOF per node) command . Then you should define
only problem name.
To save all output data files for the problem in certain directory, select appropriate check box. The
directory name will coincide with the name of the problem. This directory will appear in the directory for
files with analysis results. This is helpful if you have to find output data files for certain problem, then
transfer these files or review and evaluate them with the help of Windows Explorer or other file managers.
Step 2. Generating model geometry
To generate 3D frame:
On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Create panel, point to Create regular fragments and grids
list and click the 3D frame command .
In the Create plane fragments and grids dialog box (see Fig.4.3), specify the following data:
spacing along X: spacing along Y: spacing along Z:
L(m) N M L(m) N M L(m) N M
5 1 10 6 2 12 3 2 1
4 1 8

Clear the Apply restraints check box.

In the Parameters of foundation slab area, select the Define side overhangs check box and define the
following values for side overhangs:
width of overhang along X = 0.5 m;
number of FE along X = 1;
width of overhang along Y = 0.5 m;
number of FE along Y = 1;
other parameters remain by default.
Click Apply .
Figure 4.3 3D frame dialog box
To present numbers of nodes on the screen:

On the Select toolbar, click Flags of drawing button .
In the Display dialog box (see Fig.4.4), select the Node numbers check box on the Nodes tab (the
second tab).
Click Redraw .

Figure 4.4 Display dialog box
To generate diaphragm:
On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Create panel, point to Create regular fragments and grids
list and click the Create wall-beam command .
In the Create plane fragments and grids dialog box (see Fig.4.5), specify angle of rotation about the
Z-axis as equal to 90 degrees.
Specify with the pointer node No.11 (the node will be coloured pink and coordinates of node become
available in the dialog box).
In the table of the dialog box specify the following data:
spacing along the first axis: spacing along the second axis:
L(ì) N L(ì) N
0.5 24 0.5 12
Click Apply .

Figure 4.5 Create regular fragments and grids dialog box
To hide numbers of nodes on design model:

On the Select toolbar, click Flags of drawing button .
In the Display dialog box, clear the Node numbers check box on the Nodes tab.
Click Redraw .
To edit the model:

To switch to projection on the XOZ-plane, on the Projection toolbar (by default, it is displayed at the
bottom of the screen), click Projection on XOZ-plane .
On the Select toolbar, click Select horizontal elements .
Then select beams located at the body of diaphragm. Selected elements will be coloured red (48 finite
elements should be selected).
You can select elements either with a single click or by dragging selection window around
appropriate elements.
To present the model in dimetric projection, on the Projection toolbar, click Dimetric projection .
To delete selected elements, on the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Edit panel, click Delete selected
objects .

To pack the model:

On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Edit panel, click Pack model .
In the Pack model dialog box (see Fig.4.6), click Apply . It is necessary to pack the model in order
to ‘throw together’ coincident nodes and elements and to eliminate (that is, to remove completely)
deleted nodes and elements from design model.
Figure 4.6 Pack model dialog box
The model shown in Fig.4.7 will be displayed on the screen.

Figure 4.7 Design model of the framework
To save data about design model:

On the LIRA-SAPR menu (Application menu), click Save command .
In the Save as dialog box specify the following data:
file name – Example4;
location where you want to save this file (Data folder is displayed by default).
Click Save.
Step 3. Defining design options

On the More edit options ribbon tab, on the Design panel, click Design options for main model
command .
In the Design options dialog box (see Fig.4.8), define parameters for the first design option:
in the Analysis of sections by list, select DCF;
Click Apply .

Figure 4.8 Design options dialog box
To define new design option, click Create new design option button (by default, all parameters
of the new design option will obtain values defined in the Analysis parameters dialog box on the
appropriate tabs).
Then define the following data:
- name of design option;
- building codes for analyses of reinforced concrete (RC) and steel structures;
- type for analysis of sections (by DCF, DCL or Forces).
To input data for design option, click Apply .

To assign the selected design option as active one in the graphical environment, select it in the list and
click Set as current type or double-click appropriate row in the list of design options.
Materials for appropriate design option may be defined in the Stiffness and materials dialog box (see
Fig.4.9a).
To define the second design option:

To define the second design option, in the Design options dialog box, click Create new design option
button .
Then define parameters for the second design option:
under Steel analysis, define building code SP 16.13330.2011;
in the Analysis of sections by list, select DCL;
Click Apply .
To assign the first design option as a current one, in the List of design options, select appropriate row
and click Set as current type.
To close the Design options dialog box, click the Close button.

Step 4. Defining material properties to elements of the model
To create material data sets:

On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Stiffness and restraints panel, click Material properties
button .
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box (see Fig.4.9a), click Add. The dialog box expands to display
the library of stiffness parameters. In the Add stiffness dialog box (see Fig.4.9b), select the Database
of steel sections tab (the second tab).
a b
Figure 4.9 Dialog boxes: a – Stiffness and materials, b – Add stiffness
Double-click the I-section icon in the list. The Steel cross-section dialog box opens. In this dialog box
you can define material properties for selected type of the section.
In the Steel cross-section dialog box (see Fig.4.10), specify the following parameters for I-section:
in the Profile box, click ;
in the shape box, click .
Click OK.

Figure 4.10 Steel cross-section dialog box
In the Add stiffness dialog box (see Fig.4.9b), on the Database of steel sections (the second tab),
double-click the I-section icon once again.
In the Steel cross-section dialog box specify the following parameters for I-section:
in the Steel table box, click ;
in the shape box, click .
Click OK.
In the Add stiffness dialog box, click the tab with numerical description of stiffness (the third tab).
Double-click the Plates icon in the list. The Specify stiffness for plates dialog box opens. In this dialog
box you can define material properties for selected type of the section.
In the Specify stiffness for plates dialog box (see Fig.4.11), specify the following parameters for Plates
(for floor slab):
modulus of elasticity – E = 3e6 t/m2 (for the U.S. keyboard layout);
Poisson’s ratio – V = 0.2;
thickness – H = 20 cm;
unit weight of material – Ro = 2.75 t/m3.
To confirm the specified data, click OK .

Figure 4.11 Specify stiffness for plates dialog box
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, in the List of stiffness types, select ‘3.Plate H 20’.
Click Copy two times.
Click Edit.
In another Specify stiffness for plates dialog box specify parameter (for diaphragm):
thickness - H = 30 cm.
Click OK .
Click Edit.
In another Specify stiffness for plates dialog box specify the following parameter (for foundation slab):
thickness - H = 50 cm.
Click OK.
To hide the library of stiffness parameters, click Add in the Stiffness and materials dialog box.
To define materials for reinforced concrete (RC) structures:

To define parameters for reinforced concrete structures, in the Stiffness and materials dialog box, click
the second tab Reinforced concrete (RC).
Select Type option and click Add.
In the General parameters dialog box (see Fig.4.12), define the following parameters for plates:
in the Module of reinforcement list, select Shell;
in the Comment box, type comment - Shells;
Click OK .

Figure 4.12 General parameters dialog box
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, select the Concrete option.
Click Default (in this case, concrete B25 is accepted by default).
In the same dialog box, select the Reinforcement option.
Click Default (in this case, reinforcement A-III is accepted by default).
If there are several design options in the problem, to switch to another design option, in the Stiffness
and materials dialog box (see Fig.4.9a) use the No. of current design option box (when Materials
check box is selected.)
Every design option has its own parameters for materials.
To create new design option, click Create new design option button . Then in the Design
options dialog box (see Fig.4.8), define all necessary parameters for new design option.

To define materials for the first design option for steel structures:
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, in the List of stiffness types, select type
and click Set as current type. In this case selected type will be displayed in the Stiffness box in the
Assign to elements of the model area. To assign current type of stiffness, you could also double-click
appropriate row in the list.
Then, to assign materials for steel structures, in the Stiffness and materials dialog box, select the Steel
tab (the third tab).
Select Material option and click Add.
In the Parameters dialog box (see Fig.4.16), define the following data:
in the Steel table list box, define the Стали по СНиП II-23-81*, фасон row;
in the Steel list box, select grade C245;
in the Comments box, type Option1.
To confirm the data, click OK.
Figure 4.13 Parameters (for materials) dialog box
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, select Additional parameters option and click Add.
In the Parameters dialog box (see Fig.4.14), define the following parameters for beams:
under Element type, click Beam;
in the Comment line, type Beams;

Figure 4.14 Parameters (for beams) dialog box
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, click Add once more.
In the Parameters dialog box (see Fig.4.15), define the following parameters for columns:
under Element type, click Column;
under Effective lengths, select the Use length factor check box;
define effective length factor relative to Z1-axis Kz=1;
define effective length factor relative to Y1-axis Ky=1;
define effective length factor for check by lateral-torsional buckling (calculation of factor Fb) Kb=0.85;
in the Comment line, type Columns;

Figure 4.15 Parameters (for columns) dialog box
To define materials for the second design option for steel structures:
To switch to the second design option, in the Stiffness and materials dialog box, in the No. of current
design option box define number 2.
Then in the Stiffness and materials dialog box, select Additional parameters option and click Add.
In the Parameters dialog box, define the following parameters for beams:
under Element type, click Beam;
in the Comment line, type Beams;
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, click Add once more.

In the Parameters dialog box, define the following parameters for columns:
under Element type, click Column;
under Effective lengths, select the Use length factor check box;
define effective length factor relative to Z1-axis Kz=1;
define effective length factor relative to Y1-axis Ky=1;
define effective length factor for check by lateral-torsional buckling (calculation of factor Fb) Kb=0.85;
in the Comment line, type Columns;
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, on the Steel tab (the third tab), select Material option and
click Add.
In the Parameters dialog box, define the following data:
in the Steel table list box, define the Стали по СП 16.13330.2011, лист и фасон row;
in the Steel list box, select grade C245;
in the Comments box, type Option2.
To assign material properties to elements of the model:

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, in the list of additional parameters for steel structures, select
‘3.Beams’.
Click Set as current type. Selected type of additional parameters will be displayed in the Materials box
under Assign to elements of the model. You can also specify the current type of additional parameters
by double-clicking the necessary type in the list.
On the Select toolbar, click Select horizontal bars button .

Select all horizontal elements of the model. Selected elements will be coloured red.
You can select elements either with a single click or by dragging selection window around
appropriate elements.
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, click Apply . In the Warning box, click No. The
elements become unselected. It indicates that the current stiffness type is assigned to selected
elements.
The same material may be assigned to elements of design model regardless of the section type, if
this material is consistent with the section type. Otherwise, it is not possible to assign material and you
will see appropriate message.
On the Select toolbar, click Select horizontal bars in order to make this command not active.
‘4.Columns’.
Click Set as current type.
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, on the Properties tab (the first tab), select
in the List of stiffness types.
On the Select toolbar, click Select vertical bars button .

Select all vertical elements of the model with the pointer.
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, click Apply . In the Warning box, click No.
To switch to the first design option, in the Stiffness and materials dialog box, in the No. of current
design option box define number 1.
To assign materials to steel structures for the first design option, clear the Stiffness box in the Assign
to elements of the model area.
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, select the Steel tab (the third tab) and in the list of materials
for steel structures, select the '1. Option1'.
Then in the list of additional parameters for steel structures, select ‘2.Columns’.
Select all vertical elements of the model with the pointer.
On the Select toolbar, click Select vertical bars in order to make this command not active.
‘1.Beams’.

Select all horizontal elements of the model.
To assign materials to reinforced concrete structures for the first design option, click the Properties tab
(the first tab).
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, in the List of stiffness types, select stiffness type '3.Plate
H20'.
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, select RC tab (the second tab). In this case, make sure that
in the list of current materials the following data should be defined as current one: type – 1.shell,
concrete class – 1.B25 and class of reinforcement – 1.A-III.
On the Select toolbar, point to Select blocks drop-down list and click Select blocks button .
Specify with the pointer any node or element of the floor slab on the 1st or the 2nd storey.
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, click Apply .

In the dialog box with Warning message, click OK.
To unselect nodes and elements, on the Select toolbar, click Unselect all button .
Set the stiffness type '4.Plate H30' as a current one.
To select diaphragm, on the Select toolbar, click PolyFilter button .

In the PolyFilter dialog box, click the Filter for elements tab (the second tab).
On the Filter for elements tab (see Fig.4.16), select By FE shape check box and select 4-node FE
(plates) option in the list.
Then select By orientation of FE check box and define II YOZ.
In the PolyFilter dialog box, click Apply.
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, click Apply.

Figure 4.16 Filter for elements dialog box
Set the stiffness type '5.Plate H50' as a current one.
When the Select blocks command is active, specify with the pointer any node or element of base
slab.
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, click Apply.
Step 5. Defining parameters of elastic foundation
When the Select blocks command is active, specify with the pointer any node or element of base
slab.
On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Stiffness and restraints panel, click Moduli of subgrade
reaction button .
In the Define moduli C1 and C2 dialog box (see Fig.4.17), make sure that the Plates check box and
Assign option are selected. To define moduli of subgrade reaction, in the C1z box specify its value as
equal to C1z=1000 t/m3.
Click Apply .

Figure 4.17 Define moduli C1 and C2 dialog box
To unselect all nodes, on the Select toolbar, click Unselect all button .
Step 6. Defining boundary conditions
To avoid geometric unstability in the XOY-plane, additional boundary conditions are defined for base
slab.
To select nodes:
In the PolyFilter dialog box, click Section and cut off tab (the last tab) (see Fig.4.18).
Under Cutting plane, click YOZ. (The following check boxes are selected by default: the Nodes and
Elements check boxes in the Include area of the dialog box, the Section by plane option in the Select
mode area, the Specify node of the plane check box.)
Click any node that is common for diaphragm and base slab.
Click Apply .

Figure 4.18 Section and cut off dialog box
To present on the screen only selected nodes and elements of the model, on the Select toolbar, click
Fragmentation .
To present design model in projection on the YOZ-plane, on the Projection toolbar, click Projection on
YOZ-plane .
On the Select toolbar, point to Select nodes drop-down list and click Select nodes button . Then
select nodes that are common for diaphragm and foundation slab.
To define boundary conditions:
On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Stiffness and restraints panel, click Restraints .
In the Restraints on nodes dialog box (see Fig.4.19), specify directions along which displacements of
nodes are not allowed (X). To do this, select appropriate check boxes.
Click Apply (the nodes will be coloured blue).

Figure 4.19 Restraints on nodes dialog box
Select the node that is common for middle column and base slab.
In the Restraints on nodes dialog box specify directions along which displacements of nodes are not
allowed (Y, UZ). To do this, select appropriate check boxes.
Click Apply.
On the Select toolbar, point to Select nodes drop-down list and click Select nodes in order to
make this command not active.
To restore design model in initial view after fragmentation, on the Select toolbar, click Restore model
To present the model in dymetric projection, on the Projection toolbar, click Dymetric projection .
Step 7. Applying loads
To create load case No.1:

To define load from dead weight of the slab, on the Create and edit ribbon tab, select the Loads panel
and click Add dead weight .

In the Add dead weight dialog box (see Fig.4.20), click All elements and specify Load factor as equal
to 1. Then click Apply (dead weight is automatically applied to elements).

Figure 4.20 Add dead weight dialog box
To change the number of the current load case, click the Next load case button located on the
Status bar or on the toolbar.
On the Select toolbar, click Select blocks button . Then select floor slabs of the 1st and the 2nd
storey.
On the Create and edit ribbon tab, select the Loads panel, then select Load on plates command
from the Loads on nodes and elements drop-down list.
In the Define loads dialog box (see Fig.4.21), specify Global coordinate system and direction along the
Z-axis (default parameters).

Figure 4.21 Define loads dialog box
In the Load type area, click Uniformly distributed load button .

2
In the Load parameters dialog box specify P = 1.5 t/m (see Fig.4.22).
Click OK .
Figure 4.22 Load parameters dialog box
The Warning message box is displayed (see Fig.4.23). Click OK.

Figure 4.23 Warning message box
The warning message appears because when you select floor slabs, bars and plates are also selected
at the same time. Load applied to plates is not allowed for selected bar elements.
Select all elements of foundation slab when the Select block option is active.
In the Define loads dialog box, in the Load type area, click the Uniformly distributed load button.
In the Load parameters dialog box specify P = 2 t/m2.
Click OK .
In the Define loads dialog box, click Apply .
To change the number of the current load case, click the Next load case button located on the
Status bar or on the toolbar.
On the Projection toolbar (by default, it is displayed at the bottom of the screen), click Projection on
XOZ-plane .
On the Select toolbar, point to Select elements and click Select elements . Then select the floor
slab of the 2nd storey.
In the Define loads dialog box, in the Load type area, click the Uniformly distributed load button.
In the Load parameters dialog box specify P = 0.08 t/m2.
Click OK.
In the Define loads dialog box, click Apply .

The Warning message box is displayed. Click OK.
To define detailed information about load cases:
On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Loads panel, click Edit load cases . The Edit load
cases dialog box is displayed on the screen (see Fig.4.24).
For load case 1 – in the Edit selected load case area, in the Type box, select Dead and click Apply

For load case 2 – in the Edit selected load case area, in the Type box, select Dead and click Apply
.
For load case 3 – in the Edit selected load case area, in the Type box, select Short-term and click
Apply .
To add the fourth load case, in the List of load cases area, click Add load case (to the end) .
For load case 4 – in the Edit selected load case area, in the Type box, select Earthquake and click
Apply .
Figure 4.24 Edit load cases dialog box
Defining parameters for earthquake analysis of the frame
Step 8. Creating dynamic load cases from the static ones

On the Analysis ribbon tab, on the Dynamics panel, click Account of static load cases .
In the Create dynamic load cases from the static ones dialog box (see Fig.4.25), under Generate
mass matrix according to, click Load case (code 1) and to create the first line of the summary table,
specify the following data:
dynamic load case No. – 4;
No. of corresponding static load case – 1;
conversion factor – 0.9.
Click Add.
To create the second line of the summary table, specify the following data:
Click Add.

To create the third line of the summary table, specify the following data:
Click Add and then click OK.
Figure 4.25 Create dynamic load cases from the static ones dialog box
Step 9. Generating table of dynamic load cases
Unfavourable direction of earthquake load is along the smaller side of the structure. As the structure
has dimensions 9 x12 m in plan, the X direction will be the most unfavourable.
On the Analysis ribbon tab, select the Dynamics panel and click Table of dynamic load cases button
.
In the Table of dynamic load cases dialog box (see Fig.4.26), define the following data:
load case No. – 4;
dynamic load type – Earthquake /01.01.2000/SP 14.13330.2011/ (35);
number of analysed mode shapes – 10.
Click Parameters.

Figure 4.26 Table of dynamic load cases dialog box
In the Earthquake analysis parameters dialog box (see Fig.4.27), define the following data:
direction cosines of earthquake load resultant in global coordinate system – CX = 1;
Click OK .
Figure 4.27 Earthquake analysis parameters dialog box
In the Table of dynamic load cases dialog box, click OK.

Step 10. Generating DCF table
On the Analysis ribbon tab, select the DCF panel and click DCF table button .
As the type of load cases was defined in the Edit load cases dialog box (see Fig.4.24), the DCF
table is generated automatically with parameters accepted by default for every load case. Now you have
to modify parameters for the third load case.
In the Design combinations of forces dialog box (see Fig.4.28), select building code SNIP 2.01.07-85*
and specify the following data:
for Load case 3 – in the Load factor box specify 1.4 and then click Apply ;
Click OK .
Figure 4.28 Design combinations of forces dialog box
Step 11. Generating DCL table
On the Analysis ribbon tab, select the More calculations panel and click DCL button .
In the Design combinations of loads dialog box (see Fig.4.29), select building code SP 20.13330.2011
and specify the type of load for every load case by double-clicking the Type cell in the table for every
load case:
for Load case 1 – Dead (P) ;
for Load case 2 – Dead (P) ;

for Load case 3 – Short-term leading 1 (Pt1);

for Load case 4 – Earthquake (Pse) .
For load case 4, double-click the Sign variable cell and define +/- .
For load case 3, in the Load factor cell, define factor as equal to 1.4.
Figure 4.29 Design combination of loads dialog box
To add combinations, select every row (Fundamental combination (ULS), Specific combination
(ULS), Fundamental combination (SLS), Specific combination (SLS)) in turn and then click Add
(columns with coefficient values according to SP 20.13330-2011 will appear in the table).
Click Save data.
To close the Design combinations of loads dialog box, click Close.
Step 12. Defining structural elements
Structural element (StE) is a set of several finite elements that during design procedure will be
considered as a single unit. Elements that form the part of the structural element should have no gaps,
have the same stiffness type, should not be included into other structural elements and unification groups,
have common nodes and belong to the same line. In this version it is possible to select all elements of the
model and unite them into structural ones.
To define structural element BEAM:

Select all horizontal elements of the model with the pointer.
To define structural elements, on the More edit options ribbon tab, select the Design panel and click
Structural elements button .

In the Structural elements dialog box (see Fig.4.30), under Design option, select For all check box.
Then under Edit structural elements, click Create.

Figure 4.30 Structural elements dialog box
On the Select toolbar, click Select horizontal elements button once again in order to make this
command not active.
To define structural element COLUMN:

To switch to projection on the XOZ-plane, on the Projection toolbar (by default, it is displayed at the
bottom of the screen), click Projection on XOZ-plane .
On the Select toolbar, click Select vertical bars button .

Select with the pointer columns of the first storey at the place where the diaphragm is located.
In the Structural elements dialog box, under Design option, select For all check box. Then under Edit
structural elements (StE), click Generate StE.
Select with the pointer columns of the second storey at the place where the diaphragm is located.
In the Structural elements dialog box, under Design option, select For all check box. Then under Edit
structural elements (StE), click Generate StE.
On the Select toolbar, click Select vertical elements button once again in order to make this
command not active.
Step 13. Defining deflection fixities at nodes of bending elements

Select all horizontal elements of the model with the pointer.
On the More edit options ribbon tab, on the Design panel, click Deflection fixities command .
In the Deflection fixities dialog box (see Fig.4.31), select For all check box in the Design options area.
Then select Create at nodes with NotSLA bars option in the list. Then select Y1 and Z1 check boxes.

Click Apply (deflection of element sections is determined relative to the line that connects fixities at the
ends of the element).
Figure 4.31 Deflection fixities dialog box
To close the Deflection fixities dialog box, click Close.
Step 14. Complete analysis of frame
To carry out complete analysis of frame, on the Analysis ribbon tab, select the Analysis panel and in
the Analyse drop-down list, click Complete analysis .
Step 15. Review and evaluation of static & dynamic analyses results
When analysis procedure is complete, to review and evaluate results of static and dynamic analyses,
select the Results ribbon tab.
To hide presentation of loads on design model:
On the Select toolbar, click Flags of drawing button . In the Display dialog box, clear the Loads
check box on the General tab.
Click Redraw .
In the mode of analysis results visualization, by default design model is presented with account of nodal
displacements (see Fig.4.32).

Figure 4.32 Design model with account of nodal displacements
To present diagrams of internal forces:
To display bars, on the Select toolbar, click PolyFilter .

In the PolyFilter dialog box, select the Filter for elements tab (the second tab).
Click By FE shape option and select 2-node FE (bars) in the list.
Click Apply .
To present on the screen only selected bars, on the Select toolbar, click Fragmentation .
To display diagram My , on the Results tab, select Forces in bars panel and click Moment diagrams
(My) button .
To display diagram Qz , on the Results tab, select Forces in bars panel and click Shear force
diagrams (Qz) button .

To display diagram N, on the Results tab, select Forces in bars panel and click Axial force diagrams
(N) button .
To display mosaic plots N, on the Results tab, select Forces in bars panel and click Mosaic plot of
forces in bars command in the Force diagrams/Mosaic plots drop-down list.
To change number of active load case:

On the status bar (displayed at the bottom of the screen), in the Load case No. list, select No. 2 and
click Apply .
To restore design model in initial view, on the Select toolbar, click Restore model .

To present displacement contour plots:

To present contour plot of displacements along the Z-axis, on the Results ribbon tab, on the
Deformations panel, select the Displacement mosaic/contour plot in global coordinate system
command in the Displacement mosaic/contour plot drop-down list.
Then click Displacements along Z button on the same panel.
To present stress mosaic plots:

To present stress mosaic plot for Mx, on the Results ribbon tab, on the Stress in plates and solids
panel, select the Stress mosaic plot command in the Stress mosaic/contour plots drop-down
list.
Then click Stress Mx button on the same panel.
To present stress mosaic plot for Nx, click Stress Nx button on the same panel.
To present stress mosaic plot for Rz (soil pressure), click Stress Rz button on the same panel.
To present the full picture of stress mosaic plots for Rz in base slab, select the slab with the Select
block command and perform fragmentation.
To restore design model in initial view, on the Select toolbar, click Restore model .
To present mode shapes of the structure:

To change the number of active load case, on the Status bar (displayed at the bottom of the screen), in
the Load case No. list, select No. 4 and click Apply .
To display the first mode shape, on the Results ribbon tab, on the Deformations panel, select the Mode
shapes command in the Stress strain state drop-down list.

To display the 2nd mode shape of the 4th load case, on the Status bar (displayed at the bottom of the
screen), in the Mode shape No. (component, period) list, change number of mode shape for 2 and
click Apply .
To animate the 2nd mode shape:

To switch to the mode of 3D visualization, either select 3D model command on the Application menu
or click the 3D model button on the Quick Access Toolbar.

To animate the 2nd mode shape of the 4th load case, on the 3D view ribbon tab, on the Animation
panel, click Animate mode shape button .

In the Animate mode shape dialog box (see Fig.4.33), click Play button .
To close the Animate mode shape dialog box, click Close.
Figure 4.33 Animate mode shape dialog box

To return to the mode of analysis results visualization, on the 3D view ribbon tab, on the Back panel,
click Finite element model button .
To generate and review tables of analysis results:

To present table with forces in elements of the model, on the Results ribbon tab, select Tables panel
and click Standard tables in the Documents drop-down list.

In the Standard tables dialog box (see Fig.4.34), select Forces in the list.
Make sure that All load cases option is defined in the Choose load case No. list and click Apply .
By default, standard tables are generated in the *.csv format. Information presented in these tables
is divided into different tabs: input data (optional), e.g. DCF coefficients; output data for bars; output data
for plates; etc.
To generate table in *.csv format and add it to the Report Book, select the Generate updatable table in
Report Book check box. If the table is located in the Report Book, it is possible to update it later (if
required) and add it to the report file with the Report Book options.
To modify format of the table, in the Standard tables dialog box, click Select format. Then in the Table
format dialog box, select appropriate option and click OK. To generate table in Document Maker (DOC-
SAPR module), select RPT format.
Selected format is saved and will be applied by default in further work with standard tables.
Figure 4.34 Standard tables dialog box
To close the table, on the FILE menu, click Close.

To present table with periods of vibrations, in the Standard tables dialog box, select appropriate row in
the list.
Click Apply .
To save the table in *.txt format, on the Quick Access Toolbar, click Save.
In the Save as dialog box specify the following data:

file name (name of the table) – Periods4;

location where you want to save this file (Work folder is displayed by default).
Click Save.
Step 16. Review and evaluate results from analysis of reinforcement and steel analysis
When analysis procedure is complete, to review and evaluate results from analysis of reinforcement
and steel analysis, select the Design ribbon tab (for standard ribbon interface).
To present results from analysis of reinforcement:

To present information about determined reinforcement in a certain plate element, on the Select toolbar,
click Information about nodes and elements button and specify with a pointer any plate element
on the model.
In the dialog box that appears on the screen, select the Information about reinforcement tab. This
dialog box contains complete information about selected element, including results for reinforcement.
To close the dialog box, click Close button.
To display mosaic plot for area of lower reinforcement in plates along the X1-axis, click the Lower
reinforcement in plates along X1 button (on the Design ribbon tab, the RC: Plates panel).
To display mosaic plot for area of lower reinforcement in plates along the Y1-axis, click the Lower
reinforcement in plates along Y1 button (on the Design ribbon tab, the RC: Plates panel).
To generate and review table with analysis results for reinforcement:

On the Design ribbon tab, select the Tables panel and click Analysis results tables for RC command
in the Documents drop-down list.

In the Tables of analysis results dialog box (see Fig.4.35), click the Plates option in the Elements
area. Option For all elements in the Create table area is selected by default.
Click Table - on the screen (It is also possible to add the table to the Report Book and select format for
the table, in a similar manner to that used for standard tables).

Figure 4.35 Tables of analysis results dialog box
To present mosaic plots for the check of assigned sections of steel bars:
With the PolyFilter command, select all bars of the model.
Perform fragmentation for selected elements.
To present mosaic results (for assigned cross-sections, check for ultimate limit state), on the Design
ribbon tab, on the Steel: check and select panel, click Check, ULS button .
To present mosaic results (for assigned cross-sections, check for local buckling), on the Design ribbon
tab, on the Steel: check and select panel, click Check, LB button .
To generate the table with results (assigned sections):

To generate tables with analysis results, on the Results ribbon tab, select Tables panel and click
Analysis results tables for steel in the Documents drop-down list.

In the Table of results dialog box (see Fig.4.36), select the Check option.
Click Apply (to generate tables in HTML format, select appropriate option). To generate table and
work further in Document Maker (DOC-SAPR module), select RPT format. It is also possible to present
tables in Excel format.

Figure 4.36 Tables of results (steel analysis) dialog box
To close the table, on the FILE menu, click Close.
To generate the table with results (selected sections):

In the Table of results dialog box (see Fig.4.36), define the Select option.
Click Apply .
To change the No. of design option:

On the Status bar, in the Design option No. box, select the row corresponding to the second design
option.
To review and evaluate analysis results for another design option, do one of the following:
- either use the Design options command. Then in the Design options dialog box, select
appropriate row in the List of design options and click Set as current type;
- or on the Status bar, in the Design option No. box, select the row corresponding to appropriate design
option. The design option with this number will become current one.

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Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015 Example 4

Example 4. Analysis of 3D framework of the structure with base slab on elastic

In this lesson you will learn how to:

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Figure 4.1 Model of the building structure

Sections of elements of the frame:

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Step 1. Creating new problem

Figure 4.2 Model type dialog box

Step 2. Generating model geometry

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Clear the Apply restraints check box.

Figure 4.3 3D frame dialog box

To present numbers of nodes on the screen:

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Figure 4.4 Display dialog box

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Figure 4.5 Create regular fragments and grids dialog box

To hide numbers of nodes on design model:

To edit the model:

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To pack the model:

Figure 4.6 Pack model dialog box

The model shown in Fig.4.7 will be displayed on the screen.

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Figure 4.7 Design model of the framework

To save data about design model:

Step 3. Defining design options

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Figure 4.8 Design options dialog box

To input data for design option, click Apply .

To define the second design option:

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Step 4. Defining material properties to elements of the model

To create material data sets:

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Figure 4.10 Steel cross-section dialog box

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Figure 4.11 Specify stiffness for plates dialog box

To define materials for reinforced concrete (RC) structures:

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Figure 4.12 General parameters dialog box

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Figure 4.13 Parameters (for materials) dialog box

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Figure 4.14 Parameters (for beams) dialog box

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Figure 4.15 Parameters (for columns) dialog box

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To assign material properties to elements of the model:

On the Select toolbar, click Select horizontal bars button .

On the Select toolbar, click Select vertical bars button .

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Select all vertical elements of the model with the pointer.

On the Select toolbar, click Select horizontal bars button .

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, click Apply .

Set the stiffness type '4.Plate H30' as a current one.

To select diaphragm, on the Select toolbar, click PolyFilter button .