idudkH fm< - isxy, idys;H ridiajdoh

09' wd.ka;l
= i;aldrh - úu,r;ak l=ur.u

lsúhr j.;=.

úu,r;ak l=udr.u 1919 ckjdß 18 jk Èk md;ÿïnr md,siam;a;= ngysr fldar,fha kdrïmkdj

.%dufha Wm; ,eìh' y;a fofkla f.ka hqla; mjq,l fojkshd f,i Wm; ,o úu,r;ak
l=udr.uhkaf.a mshd jQfha mqxÑ nKavd l=udr.u uy;d h' uj yd nKavdr ue‚fla l=udr.u úh'

uykqjr ufvd,alef,a fõrmsáh mdif,a uq,sl wOHdmkh ,enQ úu,r;ak l=udr.u isiqfjl=
jYfhka miq ld,Skj f;,afo‚h oaúNdId úoHd,fha yd lgq.iaf;dg Y%S rdyq, úoHd,fha wOHdmkh
,eîh' Tyq wjidk jYfhka kqjr O¾urdc úoHd,fha wOHdmkh ,enQ w;r ueá%l=f,aIka úNd.h
úYsIaG iu¾: iys;j iu;a úh' mdi,a ld,fha o isxy, lúh ms<sno Wkkaÿjla oelajQ fyf;u lú
rpkfhao kshe¿‚'

1935 wkqrdOmqr lÉfÉßfha ,smslrefjl= jYfhka ish jD;a;Sh Ôú;h wdrïN l< fuu wmQ¾j
lúhd 1942 § ,xld mßmd,k fiajfha m%dfoaYSh wdodhï md,l ks,OdÍ ;k;=rg m;a jQ miq tu ;k;=r
u orñka Èjhsfka úúO m%foaYj, rdcldÍ lghq;= isÿ lr we;'

úu,r;ak l=udr.u lúhd wh;a jkafka fld<U hq.fha fojk mrmqf¾ lùka f.dkak w;rghs ' ta
fya;=j ksid u Tyqf.a ks¾udKj, fld<U hq.fha fojk mrmqr jYfhka y÷kd .kakd ,o ;reK
lùkaf.a wdNdih fkd wvqj olakg ,enqKs' ^l,la fya w.kqjr ;reK lú iudch fyj;a fojk
mrmqf¾lùka f.dkafka ixialdrljrhd jYfhka o lghq;= lf<a h'& ldjHlrKfha uq,a wjêfha §
Tyqf.a ks¾udKj, o ngysr frdaudka;sl lúfha wdNdih ±lsh yels jQfha tfyhsks' ksoiqkla f,i
Tyqf.a uq,a u moH ks¾udK w;r jQ zixfõ. fõokdZ kï ks¾udKh ±laúh yels h'

msh ke.‚hks fydjñka wm ÿla jf<l

.sh uq;a ;=is; foi ri fkdu oek ÿfll
ish jirl u ,e. isáho ysu f.dfvl
<h ;=, .skk
a wvq fõ o wilska wfil

uq,a ld,fha fld<U hq.fha iuld,Sk ;reK lùka fndfyda fofkl=g fuka Ndjd;SYh YDx.dr
j¾Kkhkaf.ka ñÈh fkd yels wjÈhl l=udr.uhka o tlS /,a,g k;=j isáh o Tyqf.a miqld,Sk
fndfyda ks¾udK i|yd jia;= úIh ù we;af;a Tyq m%dfoaYh
S wdodhï md,l ks,Odßfhl= jYfhka
wkqrdOmqrh" wdKuvqj" yÕ=rkafl; Wvfyajdyeg jeks m%foaYj,§ w;a±lSfuka ,;a isÿùï h' ke;skï
yuq jQ pß; h' Tyqf.a iïmQ¾K rdcH fiajd ld,h u .eñ ckhka iuÕ f.jQ l=udr.uhkag Tjqkf.a
ÿlanr Ôú;j,ska ñfokakg yelshdjla fkd ;snqKs' ldf.ka fyda wid ±k.;a fyda Wml,amkh u;
muKla .eñhkaf.a Ôú; m%;sks¾udKh fkd l< l=udr.u ;ud ÿgq ú|s foa lúhg ke.Sh' Tyqf.a
ks¾udKj, ±lsh yelafla ta h:d¾:fhka msreK iajdNdjhhs' my; ±lafjkqfha Tyqf.a tjka
ks¾udKhla jk wdrÉÑ rd< moH mx;sfhka Wmqgd .;a moHhls'

Èidmdfudla mdrñ;dj 1 liqka j¾Kl=,iQßh

 idudkH fm< - isxy, idys;H ridiajdoh
w,shd jegqKq jej wdrÉÑ rd<g
uqjuia W!reuia NsÕ fkdue; lEug
uq¿ .xf.dvu ysáh;a Tyqf.a jd,g
Tyq jeämqru nh f,dl+ ihsnq kdkg

miqld,Sk j l=udr.uhkaf.a moHlrKfha ±lsh yels jQ úfYaI ,laIKhla jQfha moH ks¾udKh
wjidkfha hï od¾Yksl woyilg uÕ fmkaùu h' Tyq úiska rÑ; zj,ia ovhu" whshkdhl"
yqfol,dj" nqÿrej" wd.ka;=l i;aldrh" uq;=f.a m%YakZ jeks ks¾udKj, fuu ,laIKh fkd wvqj
olakg ,enqKs' wkjYH Ndjd;aul m%ldYkhkaf.ka ñ§ b;d ixfõ§ ixhuYS,S njlska w;a±lSï
m%;sks¾udKhg Tyq i;= jQ m%;sNdj b;d by< h'

foú foaj;djqka ießirk uy jfka

mj;sk n,h weÕ f,dï ;=vlg o ±fka
fud<fhka ;ud f,dalfha iqjh jekiqfKa
uf. .eryqug ke; ta msßi fhduq jqfKa

jkaks m%foaYj, b;d by<ska w.hk whshkdhl foúhka ms<sn| .eñhkaf.a úYajdi bÈßm;a lrk
zwhshkdhl moH mka;shZ lúhd ksu lrkafka by; whqfrks' ;uka whshkdhl foúhka fkd weoyqj;a
ta woyk msßi .rykakg ;rï lúhd wixfõ§ fkd fjhs' ta fjkqjg lúhd bÈßm;a lrkafka
od¾Yksl woyils' foúhka weoySfuka ±fkk ieye,a¨ iekiqu wysñ jQfha nqoaêh ksidfjks' nqoaêh
foúhka ke;ehs woykakg b.ekaùfuka isÿjQfha ta iqjh jekiS hduhs ' th jgyd.;a ;eke;a;d ta
ieye,a¨j ú|skk
a ka ±l .rykakg l=ylfhla fkd fjhs' l=udr.uhkaf.a o¾Ykh b;d ishqï h'
wmQ¾j h' .;dkq.;sl wdl,amj,ska ñ§ ixhufhka yd uOHia: úfõpkhlska ish w;a±lSï f.dv
kexùu Tyq i;= jQ Y=úfYaI yelshdjhs'

úu,r;ak l=udr.uhka Ôj;a j isáh § m< jQfha moH lD;s oaú;ajhla muKls' ta ixfõ. fõokd
^1940& yd ymqu,S ^1946& hk lD;s oaú;ajhhs' Tyq úiska rpkd lrk ,ÿj m%ldYhg m;a lr fkd mej;s
ks,a iSkh" Trej" jkakf
s ha ú;a;s" yqr;,a¨ hk lD;s m%ldYhg m;a jkafka 1962 foieïn¾ 30 jk Èk
Tyq urKhg m;a jQ miqj h'

idudkH fm< isxy, idys;H ridiajdoh úIh fjkqfjka Tyqf.a wd.ka;=l i;aldrh moH mka;sh
ks¾foaY lr ;sfí'

Èidmdfudla mdrñ;dj 2 liqka j¾Kl=,iQßh

 idudkH fm< - isxy, idys;H ridiajdoh
wd.ka;=l i;aldrh ^kshñ; moH mka;sh&

.ka;=k ;=,dfka w,shd jegqKq jefõ

iqkoa r ydñ t;rï fmdfydif;la fkdfõ
;=ka ,dylu ìu jevlr Èfhka jefõ
rka jka lr,a nrù oeka ìug kefõ

Tyqf.a .ug ud .sh ta m<uq jr

;ju;a isf;a we; wu;l fkdjk hqr
fyakg f.diska f.ka yQjla ;ru ÿr
tkjd Èáñ ñá ne| f.k úh,s or

orál ;nd fijKe;s m¨ .il hg

msi ou oud odäh tk k<, msg
ud tk ;=reu isg fmkajQ isky lg
;ju;a fmfka ÿla fodïkia w;r ug

fmr oel fkdue;s uq;a iqkaor ydñ úiska

uf. f;dr;=re weiQ yeá ys;j;l= f,iska
f.ähla lvdf.k f.ñÿ, ;eô,s .iska
ms<s.ekaùh ug fidïki msreKq weiska

fmd,a foys fodvï .ia ;=k y;rls j;af;a

ÿmam;a luhs yeu ;ek ,l=Kqj we;af;a
flf,io lshd l< .=K ie,lsh hq;af;a
ÿka i; mKyj;a Tyq ke; ms<s .;af;a

wd.ka;=lj tk flfkl=g mqreÿ ke;s

ys;j;a lñka ie,l+ hq;=luh is;S
Tyq fj; uqo,lska ud l< yeáh ;=;S
isyù
s uf.a lïuq, r;= meyeh .;S

Èidmdfudla mdrñ;dj 3 liqka j¾Kl=,iQßh

 idudkH fm< - isxy, idys;H ridiajdoh

moH mka;sh ms<sn| igyk

 w;a±lSu yd tys úldYkh

fuu moH ks¾udKh i|yd jia;= úIh jkafka wkqrdOmqrfha z.ka;=k ;=,dfka w,shd jegqKqjejZ
kï .fuys úiQ iqkoa r ydñ kï .eñfhl= iïnkaO ir, isÿùuls' l=udr.uhka ;ukag b;d iqmqreÿ
mßÈ b;d ir, myiq wdLHdk ú,dihlska ish ks¾udKlrKh fj; m%úIaGh ilia lr .kshs'

.ka;=k ;=,dfka w,shd jegqKq jefõ

iqkoa r ydñ t;rï fmdfydif;la fkdfõ
;=ka ,dylu ìu jevlr Èfhka jefõ
rka jka lr,a nrù oeka ìug kefõ

,xldfõ fndfyda merKs .ïudkj, .ug whs;s l=vd jejla o ;snqKs' fndfyda úg .fï kñka jej
fyda jefõ kñka .u fyda ye|skaùu idudkH ;;a;ajhhs' .ka;=k ;=,dfka w,shd jegqK jej hkq o
tjeks .%du kduhls' l=udr.uhka wkqrdOmqrfha fiajh lrñka isáfha 1935 - 1944 ld,fha § neúka
Tyq fuu w;a±lSug uqyK
q ÿkafka ta ld,jljdkqfõ hehs iel l< yels h' Tyq wkqrdOmqrfha
lÉfÉßfha fiajh lrñka isá wjêfha fuu m%foaYhg .sh wjia:djl uqyK
q ÿka isoaêhla ks¾udKhg
jia;= îc lr .kakg lúhd iu;a j we;' fuh úu,r;ak l=udr.uhkaf.a fm!oa.,sl w;a±lSuls'
wod< m%foaYhg .sh Tyqg iqkoa r ydñ kï ñksfil= uqK .efihs' fya t;rï j;a fmdfydi;alï
we;sfhl= fkd fjhs' kuq;a ;=ka ,dyl ù imhk l=Uqrla Tyq i;= h' jeõ Èfhka jemsrE tu l=Uqf¾
rkajka lr,a Tyqf.a Y%uhg W;a;udpdr mj;ajkakg fuka ìug keù mj;shs ' Tyq fmdfydif;l= fkd
jQfha ñ, uqo,ska muKla nj m<uq moHfhka u ishqï f,i lúhd úia;r lrkakg ierfikd whq re
fuhska ishqï f,i .%yKh l< yels h'

Tyqf.a .ug ud .sh ta m<uq jr

;ju;a isf;a we; wu;l fkdjk hqr
fyakg f.diska f.ka yQjla ;ru ÿr
tkjd Èáñ ñá ne| f.k úh,s or

lúhd fuu w,shdjegqKqjej .ïudkhg meñK we;af;a m<uq jrg h' tfyhska iqkoa r ydñ Tyqg;a
Tyq iqkoa r ydñg;a yqremqreÿ wh fkd fj;s' fuu .ïudkhg m<uqjr .sh .uk lúhdg wu;l
lrkakg neß jQjla njg m;a j we;' ta .%dñh mßirhg;a" ta mßirh ;=< mK .efik wjHdc
ñksiqkf
a .a .=K iqj|g;a lúhdf.a is; ksrka;rfhka wdl¾Ykh jQ ksid úh yels h' flfia fj;;a
lúhd l;kaorhla lshdf.k hkakd fia isoqùï fmf<ys bÈß isoaê oduh l%ufhka f.dv kxjhs' fya
w;a±lSfï m%Odk pß;hd fyj;a l:d kdhlhd m<uqjrg olskf
a ka fï wjia:dfõ § h' iqkoa r ydñ fï
wjia:dfõ § ksji fj; meñfKñka isákafka ksjiska yQjl ÿßka msyá
s fyafka isg h' Tyqf.a ysi u;
úh<s or ñáhls' úu,r;ak l=udr.uhka ksrka;rfhka iyDohd yuqfõ ujd fmkajkafka bkaøSh

Èidmdfudla mdrñ;dj 4 liqka j¾Kl=,iQßh

 idudkH fm< - isxy, idys;H ridiajdoh
f.dapr ixl,am rEmhka h' ke;fyd;a oDIaá f.dapr ixl,am rEmhka h' fï ±ka iyDohd yuqjg iqkoa r
ydñ meñfKñka isák fihls lúhd ujd olajkafka'

orál ;nd fijKe;s m¨ .il hg

msi ou oud odäh tk k<, msg
ud tk ;=reu isg fmkajQ isky lg
;ju;a fmfka ÿla fodïkia w;r ug

iqkoa r ydñf.a bßhõ ish,a, iyDo ukfiys ujd fmkajkakg lúhd iu;a ù we;' wjHdc
.eñfhl=f.a iajrEmh iqkaor ydñ fj; msß kefukqfha ks;e;sks' lúhd ±lSfuka miq iqkaor ydñf.a
bßhõ l=;=y,h fyda ìh fyda ckkh ùfuka Wmka bßhõ fkd j ksrdhdifhka u my< jQ f<ka.;=
njla ;ejreK bßhõ fia lúhd yyDohd yuqjg f.kú;a ;sfnhs' ÿla fodïkia w;f¾ mjd ta ñksid
;uka kd÷kk ñksfil=g iskdjlska ix.%y lrkakg ;rï wmQ¾j wej;=ï mej;=ï mej;s tflla úh'
tjkakka .ek lú ,sheúh hq;= u jkafka h' ta .=Kh .ek lú ,sheúh hq;af;a u h'

fmr oel fkdue;s uq;a iqkaor ydñ úiska

uf. f;dr;=re weiQ yeá ys;j;l= f,iska
f.ähla lvdf.k f.ñÿ, ;eô,s .iska
ms<s.ekaùh ug fidïki msreKq weiska

ljodj;a ±l fkd ;snqK lúhdj ^úu,r;ak l=udr.uhka j& iqkoa r ydñ okakd y÷kk ys;jf;l=
fia ms<s.kshs' wd .sh f;dr;=re úuihs' tmuKlska o fkd kej;S ñÿf,a ;eô,s .fika f.ähla lvd
l=udr.uhkag ms<s.kajkakg ;rï l=¿m. fjhs' we;eï úg fï ish,a ie,ls,s" hgy;a my;a f,i
ys;j;alï mEï l=udr.uhkaf.a iudc ;,h fyda ks,h uq,a fldg isÿ jQjd jkakg o neß ke;' kuq;a
lúhd olskf
a ka fjk u fldaKhlsks' Tyq olskf
a ka fï ñksid ;=< we;s iycfhka ,o wjHdc nj fï
ish¨ .=Kdx.hkag fya;=j jk nj h'

fmd,a foys fodvï .ia ;=k y;rls j;af;a

ÿmam;a luhs yeu ;ek ,l=Kqj we;af;a
flf,io lshd l< .=K ie,lsh hq;af;a
ÿka i; mKyj;a Tyq ke; ms<s .;af;a

lúhd iqkoa r ydñf.a oßø;djh ms<sn| j iyDohdg ukd wjfndaOhla ,nd fokakg by; lúfha
m<uq fma<s oaú;ajfhka jEhï .kshs' ta bka wk;=rej fya mjikakg ierfik iqkoa r ydñf.a
wd.ka;=l i;aldrfha w.h ;j ;j;a fcda;su;a lrkq i|yd h' fu;rï oßø;djfhka fmf<kafkl=
;ukag l< i;aldrhkag l< .=K i,lk wdldrhla lúhdg is;d .; fkd yels fjhs ' Tyq ye§ jeã
wd mßirfha ish,a,g ñ,la kshu j mej;=Ks' lúhd ta iudc meje;au fuu iudc mßirh fj; o
wdfrdamKh lrkakg jEhï .;af;a wyxldrlfuka Wÿïud.;a l=, fyda mx;s udkhlska fkd fõ'
mqreoaola jYfhka fyda fujka wjia:djlg l< hq;af;a l=ula oehs ksjerÈ wjfndaOhla fkd mej;s
fyhsks' tfy;a iqkoa r ydñf.a l%shd l,dmh Tyq n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ l%shd l,dmh fkd ù h' fya

Èidmdfudla mdrñ;dj 5 liqka j¾Kl=,iQßh

 idudkH fm< - isxy, idys;H ridiajdoh
úu,r;ak l=udr.uhkaf.a mka;s meje;aug ysi fkd kud iajdëk Wodr;r ñksfil= njg m;a fjñka
lúhd ms<s.ekajQ uqo,a m%;slafIam lrhs'

wd.ka;=lj tk flfkl=g mqreÿ ke;s

ys;j;a lñka ie,l+ hq;=luh is;S
Tyq fj; uqo,lska ud l< yeáh ;=;S
isyù
s uf.a lïuq, r;= meyeh .;S

zwd.ka;=l i;aldrhZ moH mka;sh ksu jkafka fuu lúfhks' iqkoa r ydñf.a ukqiailu ñ,
lrkakg hEfuka ;uka jrola l< nj wjfndaO lr.;a lúhd ;=< iajhx jroldÍ yeÕSula my< jQ
wdldrh fuhska lshefjhs' ;uka okafka y÷kkafkaj;a ke;s ñksfil=g ix.%yhla lr iqkoa r ydñ kï
.eñhd ish my< me,eka;sfha ñksiqkf
a .a wjHdc ú,dih ksrEmKh lr ;sìh § lúhd fkd is;d u
l< i; mky È.= lsÍfuka ;ukaf.a me,eka;sfha mqreÿ m%ldY ùfuka ,eÊcdjg m;a fjhs' iqkoa r ydñ
jeks ñksiqkaf.a .=K iqj| w.h ñ, l< fkd yels nj lúhdg mila jkafka wk;=rej h'

b;d ir, w;a±lSula ieye,a¨ wdLHdk ú,dihlska f.dv k.d iyDohd fj; ms<s .kajkakg
úu,r;ak l=udr.uhka iu;a j we;s nj fmfkhs' wE; ÿIalr .ul úiQ ñksfil=f.a Wodr;r .;s
iajdNdjhka yuqfõ Wiia hehs is;d isák iudcfhka .sh ;uka ksre;a;r jQ whqre wmQ¾j f,i f.dv
kxjk lúhd w;a±lSu iyDohdf.a ukia ì; u; we| olajkakg iu;a fjhs'

 moH mka;sfha idOkSh ,laIK

úu,r;ak l=udr.uhkaf.a wd.ka;=l i;aldrh moH mka;sh úpdrd;aul weiska úuiqug ,la lrk
úg tys we.hSug md;% úh hq;= idOkSh .=Kdx. lsym
s hla u wkdjrKh fjhs' wOHhkfha myiqj ;ld
fuys § tajd tlsfkl fláfhka fyda meyeÈ,s lsÍu fhfyls'

i. w;a±lSfï ir, nj
úu,r;ak l=udr.uhka zwd.ka;=l i;aldrhZ kue;s ks¾udKh fjkqfjka f;dard f.k
we;af;a b;d ir, wdLHdkhl iajrEmh Wiq,k w;a±lSuls' lúhdf.a fm!oa.,sl w;a±lSula
jk th" fya wkqrdOmqr m%foaYfha rdcldß lrñka isáh § isÿ jQ i;H isÿùula weiqfrka
ìysjqKls' ks;r wikakg olskk
a g ,efnk iq,n jia;= îchla fkd ùu ksid u fuu
w;a±lSfï ishqï kejqï njla o ke;af;a fkd fjhs'

.ka;=k ;=,dfka w,shd jegqKq jefõ

iqkoa r ydñ t;rï fmdfydif;la fkdfõ
;=ka ,dylu ìu jevlr Èfhka jefõ
rka jka lr,a nrù oeka ìug kefõ

w,shdjegqKjefõ iqkaor ydñ yd iïnkaO jD;a;dka;h lúhd f.dv kxjkafka .eñhka

;=< iycfhka we;s wd.ka;=l i;aldrfha w.h lshd mEughs' lúhd ;uka meñK iudc
mka;sfha iajrEmh ;=< ke;s iqkoa r;ajhla fuu iudc ia:rh ;=< fuu pß; ;=< ±l th
lúhg ke.Sug .kakd ,o W;aidyh m%iia: h' th b;d ixlS¾K" .%yKh wmyiq

Èidmdfudla mdrñ;dj 6 liqka j¾Kl=,iQßh

 idudkH fm< - isxy, idys;H ridiajdoh
ixl,amkdjla fkd ù myiqfjka Èrjd.; yels m%udKfha w;a±lSula jYfhka lúhd
m%;sks¾udkh lsÍfï jdish iyDohdg ysñ ù ;sfnhs'

ii. ir, lgjyrla fhdod .ekSu'

´kEu ks¾udKhl id¾:l wid¾:l nj flfrys n,mdk m%n, idOlhla jYfhka
ks¾udKh i|yd ta ks¾udKfha ks¾udKlrejd fhdod .kakd nia jyr y÷kajd Èh yels h'
úu,r;ak l=udr.uf.a wd.ka;=l i;aldrh moH mka;sh i|yd o ;;a;ajh tfia u h'

orál ;nd fijKe;s m¨ .il hg

msi ou oud odäh tk k<, msg
ud tk ;=reu isg fmkajQ isky lg
;ju;a fmfka ÿla fodïkia w;r ug

fuu kso¾Ykfhka muKla u jqj úu,r;ak l=udr.u lúhdf.a NdId Ndú;h wjfndaO
lr.; yels h' Tyq w;a±lSï m%ldYkh wrNhd fhdod .kafka w;sYh ir, nia jyrls' Bg lg
jyro uekúka ñY%s; h' zmsi ou oudZ" zk<, msgZ" zisky lgZ jeks mo lúhd moH fj; wE|d
.;af;a ir, lg jyßkss' ir, ieye,a¨ mo ixl,kh iuÕ lg jyr o ñY% ùfuka ri
ú|skk
a dg fuu ks¾udKh ri ú| .ekau jv jvd;a ir, flrKs' tfuka u bÈßm;a flrk
.eñ mßirh yd ne÷K w;a±lSu m%ldYkhg ta ni uekúka u fhda.H jqKs' w;a±lSfï ir, nj
thska /l=K fyhsks'

iii. fhdod .;a wdlD;sh w;a±lSu iuÕ uqiq jkakla ùu'

lúhd f;dard .;a wdlD;sh fuu ks¾udKfhka ksrEms; .%dóh pß;h;a " Tyq jgd f.dv
kexjqK isÿùï fm<;a uekúka iudc .; lrkakg WÑ; u wdlD;sh úh'

wd.ka;=lj tk flfkl=g mqreÿ ke;s

ys;j;a lñka ie,l+ hq;=luh is;S
Tyq fj; uqo,lska ud l< yeáh ;=;S
isyù
s uf.a lïuq, r;= meyeh .;S

ud;%d 18 ne.ska hk iuqøf>daI kï ckm%sh isõmo úß; lúhd fuu ks¾udKh i|yd
fhdod f.k we;s nj fmfkhs' isõmo úß;a" úfYaIfhka ta w;r iuqøf>daI úß; ck lúhg
ióm ys;j;alula orhs' fndfyda cklú tu úßf;ka ,sheù ;sfnhs' fujka .%dóh pß;hla
.ek" tjkafkl=f.a iajdNdjh iïnkaOfhka lshkakg .e<fmk u wdlD;sh jkafka ck
lúhhs' ck lúh fjkqjg wdfoaYlhla jYfhka fuu úß; f;drd .ekau ksid w;a±lSug ,eî
we;s w.h b;d by< uÜgul mj;shs'

iv. f;dard .;a oDIaáfldaKfhys id¾:l;ajh'

lúhd fuu ks¾udKh bÈßm;a lrkafka ;ukaf.a u fm!oa.,sl w;a±lSula jYfhka
;ukaf.a weiska olskk
a la f,isks'

Èidmdfudla mdrñ;dj 7 liqka j¾Kl=,iQßh

 idudkH fm< - isxy, idys;H ridiajdoh
Tyqf.a .ug ud .sh ta m<uq jr
;ju;a isf;a we; wu;l fkdjk hqr
fyakg f.diska f.ka yQjla ;ru ÿr
tkjd Èáñ ñá ne| f.k úh,s or

fufia ks¾udKlrejd ks¾udKh ;=< ys|sñka fm!oa.,sl w;a±lSula fia ksrEmKh lrk
oDIaá fldaKh y÷kajkq ,nkafka W;a;u mqreI oDIaá fldaKh hk kñks' fuu ks¾udKh
jvd;a myiqfjka iyDohdg wjfndaO lr.; yels ùug ta oDIaáfldaKh o m%n, fya;=jls' hula
msgia;rfhl= fia lshkjdg jvd ;ukaf.a u w;a±lSula fia olajk úg úYajdikSh nj yd
wmQ¾j;ajh ;rula by< kef.k fyhsks'

v. bÈßm;a flreK Ôjk ±lau'

fuu ks¾udKh ;=< § ks¾udKlrejd ishqï mKsjqvhla iudc .; lrkakg jEhï .kakd
nj fmfkhs'

wd.ka;=lj tk flfkl=g mqreÿ ke;s

ys;j;a lñka ie,l+ hq;=luh is;S
Tyq fj; uqo,lska ud l< yeáh ;=;S
isyù
s uf.a lïuq, r;= meyeh .;S

ukqiailu ke;skï ñksiqkaf.a Wodr;r .;s iajdNdjhka ñ, l< fkd yels h hkak
lúhd fuu moH mka;sh Tiafia iudc .; lrkakg fjfyfikd m<uq mKsjqvhhs' tfia u
my< ia:rfha ñksiqka w;f¾ fid÷re .=K wog;a fYaI ù we;s wdldrh ñksialï wysñ lr.;a
by< me,eka;sfha ñksiqka fj; m%fõYfuka ikakf
s õokh lrkakg;a lúhd fuu ks¾udKh
Tiafia jEhï .kq fmfkhs' lúhd iqkoa r ydñ yuqfõ i; mkyla fokakg f.dia ,eÊcdjg
m;a jQfha iqkoa r ydñf.a Wodr .;s iajdNdjh ksid h' wd¾;sl wmyiq;d ueo jik Tyqg fuu
uqo, b;d m%fhdackj;a jkakg bv ;snqKs' tfy;a fya ;u ukqiailug l< ñ,h m%;slafIam
lrñka Wodr pß;hla njg m;a fjhs' ta .;s .=K ;j o Ôjudk j mj;skd nj lshkakg
lúhdg ukrï jgmsgdjla f.dv k.d fohs' fuu ks¾udKfha id¾:l;ajhg th o fya;=jls'

 moH mka;sfha ksfYaOkSh ,laIK

fuu ks¾udKfha ÿ¾j,;d o fkd mej;=fKa fkd fõ' fuu ks¾udKh ri ú|sk úg Bg
ndOd muqKqjk lreKq lsysmhls'

i. jd¾;duh iajrEmh
jd¾;duh iajrEmh hkq jd¾;djla bÈßm;a lrk ú,difhka ks¾udKhla bÈßm;a lr
f.k hdu h' fuh fojk mrmqf¾ fndfyda lùka i;=j mej;s ÿ¾j,;djhls' b;d ir,
w;a±lSula ir, nia jyrlska wdLHdk ú,difhka bÈßm;a lrkjd úkd rid;aul m%nkaOhla
fuys ke;ehs we;ful= ;¾l lrkafka tfyhsks' kuq;a fuu hq.fha wfkl=;a lùkaf.a fujka
ks¾udK iuÕ ii|k úg úu,r;ak l=udr.uf.a ks¾udK ;rula bÈßfhka isák nj lsj
hq;= h' idïm%odhsl;ajh fyda .;dkq.;sl iajrEmh ;=< ysr fkd ù w¨;a w¨;a pß;

Èidmdfudla mdrñ;dj 8 liqka j¾Kl=,iQßh

 idudkH fm< - isxy, idys;H ridiajdoh
iïnkaOfhka fuka u Tjqka yd ne÷K w;a±lSï bÈßm;a lrk úg ta yd ishqï Ôjk ±laula o
uqiq lr .ekSfuka hï muKlg fyda ta jd¾;duh iajrEmh blaujd .kakg úu,r;ak
l=udr.ufhda iu;a fj;s'

ii. Wmud rEml wd§ w,xldr lsisjlska f;dr ùu'

úu,r;ak l=udr.uf.a lú nfiys lemS fmfkk ,laIKhla jYfhka fuh ±laúh yels
h' Tyq ks;r Wmud rEml lúhg le|jk w,xldrjdÈfhla fkd fjhs' b;d ir, NdId
udOhhla fhdod .kakd w;r NdIduh Wmdx.hka iïnkaOfhka lúhd olajkafka w,i
m%;sm;a;shls' tfyhska Wmud" rEml wd§ w,xldrfhda l=udr,uhkaf.a lú nfiys iq,n fkd
fj;s'
iEu ks¾udKhla u Wmud wdÈfhka ierish hq;= hehs kshuhla ke;' ksoiqkla f,i
fld<U hq.fha isõ jk mrmqf¾ wdrïNlhd fjñka ksi|eia lú iïm%odh furgg y÷kajd ÿka
Ô' î' fiakdkhlhkaf.a lú nfiys mjd Wmud rEml iq,n fkd fjhs' kuq;a bka lúhg
ydkshla isÿ ù ke;' fuys we;s .eg¨j jkafka w;a±lSu bÈßm;a lsÍfï § u;= jQ jd¾;duh
iajrEmh Wmud rEml jeks w,xldrhkaf.ka f;dr ùu fya;=fjka biau;= ù ±kSuhs' tfyhska
fuys§ kï th ;rul fyda mdvqjla fia iyDohdg ±fkkq je,elaúh fkd yels h'

 ks¾udKh w.h l< hq;= wdldrh

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Èidmdfudla mdrñ;dj 9 liqka j¾Kl=,iQßh