EM 1110-2-1602 Part 3
EM 1110-2-1602 Part 3
EM 1110-2-1602 Part 3
15 Oct 80
the slope of the curve is approaching zero. The shape of the curve de-
pends upon the horizontal and vertical convergences of the outer walls
and the taper of the pier as well as upon the radii of the quadrant ·
fillets. When the horizontal and vertical convergences are fixed
(plate E-1), an area curve for the ~onverging rectangular sections
(plate E-2) is helpful in designing the fillets which result in the
final transition area curve. Several trial fillet designs are usually
required in the development of a satisfactory curve.
Upstre·am arc
(E-6)
Downstream arc
(E-7)
E-4
E-5b EM 1110-2-1602
15 Oct 80
rf = fillet radius
r
a
= arc radius
(E-9)
where
Af = fillet area
rf = fillet radius
The final transition area curve is shown in plate E-2. This curve has a
zero slope at both ends of the transition. The slight irregularity in
the curve near the downstream end results from use of the tangent ex-
tensions in the area computations rather than theoretically extending
the pier curve to the end of the transition.
E-6. Fillet at 45-Deg Point. The change in direction of flow along the
45-deg points of the fillets should be smooth and gradual. The path
of the flow is three-dimensional and cannot be readily illustrated.
However, examination of the locus of the 45-deg point in the horizontal
(X) plane and the vertical (Y) plane is helpful in judging the smoothness
and rate of change in direction. Such a plot referenced to the conduit
center line is shown in plate E-2 and indicates a smooth and gradual
change in the direction of flow. Computation of the coordinates (X and
Y) of the 45-deg points (Point C on Section C-C, plate E-2) is accom-
plished using the following relations:
c = rf .
vers1ne 45° (E-10)
X= 0. 5t - c (E-ll)
w
E-5
EM 1110-2-1602 E-6
15 Oct 80
(E-12)
where
E-6
EM lll0-2-1602
15 Oct 80
~----------------------Lr=46'--------------------~
FLOtt'.-_
PC
II
SECTION 8-8 :!
PLAN
c.,
--- --
-- --
r-~ ct -
8
-- -- - 8
---
SECTION A-A cj
ELEVATION
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 46
DISTANCE ALONG (t OF TRANSITION 1 FT
PLATE E-l
EM 1110-2-1602
15 Oct 80
10
PT
r-
r-U.
11.1 -
.JC/) s
.J2
-o
u.c(
II:
410
r-
u.
0
C/)
360
cc"
11.1
II:
c(
310
AREAS IN TRANSITION
15
r-
u.
>
0
z
c(
X
10
5
y
----
COORDINATES OF 45-DEGREE POINT !Cl
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 46
DISTANCE ALONG~ OF TRANSITION, FT
y
ORIGIN OF
COORDINATES ~ t--SECTION J (DISTANCE= 0')
n--SECTION 7J (DISTANCE =23')
Jl
SECTION C-C
!SEE PLATE E-1)
EXAMPLE
TRANSITION
CHARACTERISTICS
PlATE E-2
COORDINATES OF POINTS IN FIRST QUADRANT
DISTANCE
ALONG LENGTH HALF·
POINT A POINT B POINTC POINT D
CENTER LINE OF FILLET WIDTH
OF TRANSITION RADIUS OF PIER X y X y X y X y
SECTION FT FT FT FT FT FT FT FT FT FT FT
I l
In 111 17 42 9.7976 0.2328 0.2024 0.2326 7.1808 7.1304 10.0302 0.2024
Ill X
0 )> 18 43 9.8863 0.1307 0.1137 0.1307 7.1214 7.1044 10.0170 0.1137
-l ~
19 44 9.9495 0.0561 0.0505 0.0581 7.0935 7.0859 10.0076 (1.0505
0 1J
z r 20 45 9.9874 0.0145 0.0126 0.0145 7.0787 7.0748 10.0019 0.0126
111
8
0 -1
21 48 10.0000 0 0 0 0 10.0000 7.0711 7.0711 10.0000 0
ll
:u • BASED ON TANGENT EXTENSION. ......
)>
Q z ...... ~
~
z !:!! NOTE: Vlo
)>
-l -1 COORDINATES OF POINTS IN OTHER QUADRANTS CAN BE OBTAINED BY APPROPRIATE CHANGES OF THE SIGN OF THE ol
n
~ Ill 0 1\)
tzJ
In
z TABULATED VALUES.
SEE PLATE E·2 FOR DEFINITION SKETCH.
rt:...
000\
I
w ~------------------------------------------------------------------------~ o2
EM 1110-2-1602
F-l ChanS?:e 1
15 ~ar 87
APPENDIX F
Conduit diameter D • 14 ft
Conduit slope S • 0.01 ft/ft (e • 0° 34.5' • 0.573°)
Design discharge Q • 12,320 cfs (for smooth pipe and design pool)
Elevation outlet portal invert • 100 ft msl
Case 1:
Case 2:
-liD --::;;:::;::;;;;
v sm
lF•
80.0
{32.2(14)
- 3 .77
F-1
E!-1 1110-2-1602 F-3a
Change 1
i.3 ~-!~r 87
c. Length of Fillets.
Lf • 1.5D • 1.5(14) • 21 ft
Therefore invert must continue on slope of conduit (0.01 ft/ft) for a
distance of 21 ft.
therefore
2
y • -x tan 0.573° - .-,-~3~2-·.;;..2x~---
2
2(1oo)2 cos 0.573°
or •
2
y • -0.01x - 0.00161x
e. Case 1 Design.
(1) Stilling Basin Geometry. From plate F-1, the tailwater eleva-
tion at design discharge (12,320 cfs) is 100.2 ft msl. Assume various basin
apron elevations and compute basin width (Wb), entering flow depth (d ),
1
* entering flow velocity (V ) , Froude number of entering flow ( lF 1 ) , required
1
downstream depth to force jump (d ), 0.8Sd and actual depth from apron
2 2
floor to tailwater water surface (d). Assume energy losses betweeL outlet
portal and basin apron are negligible, i.e.,
F-2
F-Je (l) EM 1110-2-160:!
Change l
15 ~-fa:- 87
v2
1
--
2g
+ d 1 - (Outlet el - Apron el)
and
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (lo) (11)
Apron Ac:~ual
Q El y X wb v1 ell c12 0.85c12 d
c:fs ~ f~ f~ ft ~ ...!L ....i - ft f~ ft
12,320 80 -19.79 107.84 46.96 89.55 2.93 9.22 36.76 31.25 20.20
12,320 65 -34.79 143.98 56.54 95.01 2.29 11.06 34.73 29.52 35.20
12,320 70 -29.79 133.00 53.63 93.25 2.46 10.47 35.26 29.97 30.20
O.K.
Check ju.p wi~b lesser clischarses
8,000 70 -29.79 133.00 53.63 71.16 2.10 8.66 24.65 20.95 30.20
4,000* 70 -29.79 133.00 53.63 59.82 1.25 9.44 16.04 13.63 26.2
F-3
EM 1110-2-1602
F-3e(:)
Change 1
15 ~lar 87
* y • -X tan a- 2(1.25V~coa 2 e *
* *
(6) Flow velocity in stilling basin at section l
v2 v2
21
+ yp • ..l + __s_ -
2g v wb
(Outlet el - Apron el)
1
* d2 • :
1(~ 1+ 8~ - l) *
(10) Sequent depth (d ) .ultiplied by 0.85
2
(11) Actual depth at sectioD 2
la.W.ta:
F-4