1. One of the debates in the Philosophy of the Human Person is about freedom.

If freedom is
absolute( total, complete), what does it entail (involve) according to Jean-Paul Sarte?

A. All human persons are born equal and possess the inalienable(absolute) right to be free.
B. There is no God to limit human action by following moral norms and structures.

C. All human persons are rational and capable of making decisions and judgement.
D. All human persons are capable of choosing their own identity, creating their own essence and
determining their future.

2. Juan was accidentally bitten by a tiger in the zoo. Luckily, it was not a serious wound. While Juan
was going home, he was hit by a car. He decided to bring a case against the driver. What is lacking in
the tiger that is present in the driver and thereby makes the latter accountable for the car accident?

A.Emotion
B. Language
C. Proper training
D. Intellect and will

3. In one of your class sessions, the philosophy teacher passionately talks about human freedom. She
insists that the human person is free. One of your classmates disagrees and asks: “If I am really free,
why can’t I go swimming right now?” Which is the best answer to your classmate’s question?

A. You are corrected. There is really no freedom.

B. We really cannot understand freedom; otherwise, there will be no debates about it.
C. You are free to go swimming right now but you are also responsible for your cutting class.
D. Freedom is different from one culture to another. In our culture, swimming right now is not a free
act.

4. Based on Confucius’ principle of Ren, the foundation of stable and peaceful relationship in the
society and in the state is the moral and ethical existence with human others. Which of the following
situations below demonstrates a moral and ethical behavior?

A. Citizens organized themselves to help victims of natural calamities.

B. The government and the communist rebels are conducting peace talks.
C. Elected officials are implementing projects for the welfare of the people.
D. Corporations help the government to alleviate poverty through their corporate social
responsibility.

5. A mining company started an exploration for a large-scale copper mining in your island province.
There is an on-going signature campaign to oppose this because of the dangers of the dangers of
large-scale mining operations especially on islands. On the other hand, you are also aware that will
generate jobs for the local residents. Now, you are contemplating whether or not you will join the
signature campaign. Which of the following is NOT part of the actions of a person who thinks
critically?

A. Making research about the company's reputation.

B. Knowing who are the people behind the signature campaign.
C. Asking the opinions of anyone who has heard of the mining company.
D. Asking the lead engineer of the company if their exploration would be safe.

6. Which item critiques subjectivism as self-refuting?

A. Principles is based on individual

B. God is the author of all knowledge
C. Nobody holds the monopoly of truth
D. It is a concept based on an individuals changing perspective
7. Von is a very helpful student. Whenever there is an opportunity, he would always volunteer to
serve. He says that he is doing it because it is the right thing to do. He believes that helping others
regardless of social status and situation is always desirable. Which of the following views reflect the
importance of Von’s action?

A. Pleasure
B. Universality
C. Duty to action
D. Consequence

8. On his way home, Dodong met a Badjao native begging for food and money. If you were Dodong,
what do you think is the most appropriate thing to do?

A. Ask a police officer to arrest them

B. Give money so that they can buy something to eat
C. Give them food since money might be used for gambling
D. Ignore them since it is against the law to give alms to beggars

9. You are always excited to attend your philosophy class because your teacher allows each and
everyone to express his opinions. As a consequence, you become aware that indeed different people
have different views even about one subject matter. Which of the following is a good realization?

A. Everybody should attend philosophy class. You learn by attending

B. Differences are always dangerous. Everyone should be treated the same.
C. Discussion and dialogue are important. But one should not impose his/her ideas on another.
D. Philosophy restricts one’s freedom to think. There are only few avenues of thought in philosophy

10. Daoism upholds that man should live in accordance with nature. Following the Daoist concept of
Wei Wu Wei (action by non-action), which could be the best way to follow nature?

A. Insisting on what one thinks is correct.

B. Sleeping in the middle of praying the rosary.
C. Taking this exam confidently even without studying.
D. Swimming back to the store without going against the waves.

11. It is argued that in this age of consumerism, producing and selling things and services should be
within the context of modern capitalism. The more things and services are produced and purchased,
the more we attain progress and prosperity. The single most important measure of economic growth
is the sum total of goods and services produced by a given society in a given year. However, the
production, processing, and consumption of commodities require the extraction and use of natural
resources. Hence, this leads to pollute and destroy part of the natural environment. Which of the
following statements do you think is the root cause of this moral upheaval in the environment?

A. Humans depends upon nature for their survival

B. The belief that environment is just there for human use and consumption.
C. Since human population has increased, the growing demands of food and housing also increased.
D. The traditional western ethical perspectives known as human-centered, that is, man alone has an
intrinsic value.

12. In Heidegger’s Being and Time, the concept of ‘Dasein’ was introduced. ‘Dasein’, as he argued
states that all experiences are grounded on ‘care’. Which of the statements demonstrates Heidegger’s
principles of showing care towards the world?

A. The global under-five mortality rate has declined by more than half
B. As of 2015, 95% of the world’s population is covered by mobile cellular signal.
C. Ninety-eight % of the ozone-depleting substances were eliminated since 1990.
D. In 2015, member-states of the United Nations developed the UN Sustainable Development Goals
or SDG 2015-2030.

13. Sustainability is a development concept which means that we should not compromise the needs
of the future generation as we meet the needs of the current generation. For Martin Heideggar, the
human person is a ‘being-in-the world’, the attitude of the human person towards the world is
essentially to show care. Which of the Millennium Development Goals 2015 best demonstrates the
meaning of sustainability and Heidegger’s philosophy?

A. Ensure Environmental protection

B. Achieve Universal Primary Education
C. Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger
D. Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other Diseases

14. What does Aristotle saying ‘Alt I Know is that I know nothing’ mean?

A. Man is naturally ignorant

B. Man’s learning amounts to nothing
C. Man’s learning can easily be forgotten
D. Man has limitations and he cannot know everything

15. In the Ambisyon Natin 2040, the Duterte Administration lays down the long term vision that by
2040, “Filipinos enjoy a strongly rooted, comfortable, and secure life.” Which philosophical principle
could be best used as a framework to achieve the long term vision?

A. All individuals in a given situation get what they truly deserve.

B. All individuals must have equal rights and inequalities must be addressed to the greatest benefit of
the least advantaged.
C. All individuals must at all times prioritize empathy, harmonious and healthy social relationships,
care for one another and avoid harm.
D. All individuals are expected to questions practices and rules, listen and follow their inner
convictions, and think about what is right and wrong.

16. It is 2 a.m. and you are still studying for your final exams tomorrow. Being a working student, you
are already very tired but you know that you have to study. You are the lone hope of your family.
Then you remember one of your classmates, the happy-go-lucky mayor’s son. Most probably, he is a
future mayor, too. Political dynasties are so common in the Philippines. What is the best philosophical
insight that you can derive from this concrete experience?

A. Studying is never fun but it is necessary.

B. If things don’t change, there is no fairness and justice.
C. In any case, hardworking people will be rewarded properly.
D. Those in power are always relaxed because they are in politics.

17. Mobile phones manufacturers have to sell their products. So, they would always innovate and
make you think that your phone is obsolete. Then, you will find the urge to buy again. In fact, one
could say similar things about other manufacturers too. Which philosophical insight best describes
this reality?

A. The purpose of business is to serve the society.

B. Individuals have the power to affect business institutions.
C. The mobile phone is one of the most important inventions today.
D. Business have the power to change individual consciousness.

18. Who is the Milesian thinker who thought that the world was only one myriad of words that evolve
and dissolve in something called boundless or ‘apeiron’?
A. Anaximander
B. Democritus
C. Empedocles
D. Thales

19. Which is the best manifestation that a person is philosophizing?

A. When one promises to study philosophy harder.

B. When one has read the works of the famous philosophers.
C. When one can recall and recite the formal definition of philosophy.
D. When one starts to understand and question the claims of the philosophers.

20. One of the most famous dialogues of Plato is ‘Meno’. Here, one encounters Socrates drawing out
the Pythagorean theorem from a slave boy. If you agree with Plato’s Meno, what would you choose to
learn?

A. Recreation and play

B. Reading and studying books
C. Recording my experience in a journal
D. Recollecting what I have already known

21. John Locke is known for his “Taguam Tabularsa” which means that the human mind is a blank
slate. Which philosophy of knowledge did John Locke advocate?

A. Empiricism
B. Idealism
C. Rationalism
D. Realism

22. A government official who disseminates fake news through the social media says that she/he has
the freedom of expression. In this government official’s perspective, to criticize the posting of fake
news is to restrict freedom of expression. Which of the following explains why this is a questionable
explanation?

A. Freedom entails responsibility

B. Freedom always involves choosing
C. Freedom means you can do what you like to do
D. All of the above

23. Marcel’s secondary reflection can best describe what situation?

A. A scientist using laboratory research to find a cure for cancer.

B. A seminarian meditating on his life goals to realize his place in the world.
C. A teacher who solves mathematical equations to instruct his/her students in the intricacies of
mathematics.
D. An IT expert doing critical thinking to apply the nuances of programming in database concerns.

24. Which of the following is an opinion?

A. Materialism degenerates us.

B. The human person is dignified.
C. Human emotions may be roused.
D. Human intellect strives towards the truth.

25. A criticism went viral on the internet against the organizers of an event. The event featured Apo
wang-Od from Kalinga, the oldest Mambabatok in the country who uses traditional tattoo technique.
According to the netizens, she was tattooing non-stop for a long period of time. This may be viewed in
what existentialism theme?

A. Freedom and responsibility

B. Primary and secondary reflection
C. Human person in the environment
D. Human persons and intersubjectivity

26. A situation where a Christian medical doctor attends to a wounded Muslim rebel is a
manifestation of what existentialist theme?

A. Humans are subjective

B. Humans are social beings
C. Humans are transcendent
D. Humans are geared toward death

27. Buber’s notion of intersubjectivity is best seen in which kind of situation?

A. A firefighter who risked his/her life to save the lives of the kittens trapped in a burning building.
B. A teacher who passed a graduating working student who has insufficient funds to support his/her
studies.
C. A security guard who greeted a student suffering from depression and made him/her change mind
of committing suicide.
D. A president of a powerful country who donated a huge number of arms to reinforce the Armed
Forces of the Philippines.

28. Plato, an ancient Greek philosopher, told the story of prisoners inside the cave that could only see
the shadows of reality. Since they were prisoners from birth, they thought that the shadows were real
and they were contented with their lives inside. What philosophical insight can we get from this
story?

A. The opposite of truth is freedom.

B. A story can never capture some human truths.
C. To see is to believe. Reality is discovered through the senses.
D. Do not at once believe what you see. Reality can be concealed from the senses.

29. Use inductive reasoning in the following situation:

Jokjok and Rupert analyzed the written narratives of 20 young men. In the narratives, the men
described how they learned about menstruation, what they thought of it when they first learned
about it, and what they think of it now. By looking for patterns across all the written narratives, the
researchers were able to develop a general theory of how boys and young men learn about this
aspect of girls’ and women’s biology.

Which could be the best conclusion for this research?

A. Menstruation in an interesting topic among young men.

B. Menstruation makes boys feel somewhat separated from girls.
C. Sisters play an important role in boys’ early understanding of menstruation.
D. As young men enter young adulthood and from romantic relationships, they develop more mature
attitudes about menstruation.

30. In the midst of war, you found yourself as a refugee. Endowed with reason, what will be your
immediate reaction?

A. I will take arms and join the troops!

B. I will keep quite and let destiny takes its course.
C. I will pray because only God knows the answer.
D. I will ask people what they think of the situation and reflect on it.

31. The New People’s Army adheres to the principle of communism which emphasizes equality in
terms of resources and opportunities. According to this principle, the society is composed of two
opposing groups: the proletariat which represents the masses and workers and the bourgeoise which
represents “those who have”. Which of the following does NOT belong to the second group?

A. Capitalist
B. Elite
C. Peasants
D. Land owners

32. Karl Marx’s statement. “the production of men’s ideas, thinking, their spiritual intercourse, here
appear as the direct efflux, of their material condition. Which of the following is the implication of the
statement?

A. We are determined by capitalism.

B. We are molded by our culture and tradition.
C. We are influenced by our economic status in life.
D. We are always conditioned by the structures around us.

33. One of the most popular stories in philosophy is the death of Socrates. He was condemned to die
due to the charges of impiety and corrupting the youth. Subsequently, some philosophers said that
the accusations were false and the Athenians were just uncomfortable with the truths that Socrates
told. What philosophical insight can we learn from the death of Socrates?

A. If you are falsely accused, you will necessarily end up dead.

B. If one sits as a judge, he/she must follow the will of the people.
C. If Socrates was not disrespectful to the gods, the Athenians would not condemn him to die.
D. If Socrates did not discuss the issues of truth, knowledge virtue etc., then he would not have been
accused falsely.

34. In order to philosophize effectively, it is important that one can distinguish between a state of fact
and a statement of opinion. Among these, which is a statement of opinion?

A. God exists
B. Some people believe in God
C. Some people do not believe in God
D. Religions have different conceptions about God.

35. For Marcel, each person is endowed with the capacity to reflect. What does the statement imply?

A. We should formulate means to earn wealth.

B. We should repent for the sins committed in the past.
C. We should transcend from current situation to improve life.
D. We should develop and manipulate nature for our own comfort.

36. Intrinsicism, is an ethical theory that views values with a non-relational characteristic of an object.
What is the implication of intrinsicism’s maxim?

A. Morality
B. Every action has a particular reaction.
C. Ethics must also consider the context of an action.
D. None of the above
37. When Randy was a boy, he lived in an area exposed to criminality which involves his family. When
he grew up, he became known in the country as a respected businessman and a philanthropist. Unlike
many close to him, Randy’s business are all legal. For Sarte’s notion of freedom, what does Randay’s
story imply about human person?

A. Influenced by his past.

B. Responsible for his actions.
C. Reacting to his environment.
D. Determined by human nature.

38. “My body is my way of communicating with the world”. Which is NOT an expression of this
philosophical truth?

A. I talk to the teacher.

B. I can smell the fragrance of the flowers.
C. I am an eye-witness to the killing of our town-mayor.
D. None of the above.

39. In Plato’s Divided Line, which among these states of the mind generate genuine knowledge?

A. Doxa (Opinion)
B. Noesis (direct intuition)
C. Eikasia (common sense)
D. Pistis (percept and imagination)

40. The Pythagorean Theorem is philosophically settled through the second degree of abstraction.
What best justifies this designation?

A. It is a metaphysical issue.
B. It is a mathematical principle.
C. It is a principle linked to theology.
D. It is a physical entity subjected to scientific methods.

41. In K to 12 curricular revisions, the humanities are gradually replaced by technical courses that bear
practical consequences. To what philosophy is this curriculum directed to?

A. Positivism
B. Pragmatism
C. Subjectivism
D. Consequentialism

42. Socrates’ wisdom states that he knows that he knows nothing. Which of the following best
explains why knowing nothing is wise?

A. It makes us virtuous.
B. It results to peaceful life.
C. It teaches us to live a simple life.
D. It leads to endless inquiry and learning.

43. Which of the following differentiates an atheist from an agnostic?

A. There is no real difference.

B. Atheist are against of religion; agnostics are accepting of religion.
C. The atheist does not believe in God; the agnostic is not sure if she/he believes in God.
D. The atheist does not believe in any kind of god ( or supernatural being/s); the agnostic suspends
judgement on such matters.
44. Which of the following characters are proven to have developed practical wisdom (phronesis)?

A. Jakob keeps his mother’s recipe book beside the stove whenever he tries to imitate her version of
paella.
B. In cooking a soft-boiled egg, Karl counts one to three hundred after immersing the raw egg to the
boiling water.
C. To figure out an equal sharing of the square cake among nine people, Thomas grabs a ruler and
makes nine shallow slices.
D. Having learned from previous attempts that adobo may remain sour, Friedrich developed the
patience to not stir the meat until the vinegar is well-simmered.

45. Except under extraordinary circumstances, prisoners are given time off from their cells. For a
period of time outside, prisoners may engage in physical exercise and socialize with other inmates.
Which of the following statements indicates a philosophical insight about the prisoners?

A. Prisoners need exercise.

B. Prisoners must have space.
C. Prisoners are social beings.
D. Prisoners are embodied spirits.

46. Technology is invented for the comfort of humans; however, it may also be a means of slavery.
With the understanding acquired in this course, how will you address the issue?

A. Be a hermit who has given up all uses of technology.

B. Be well-informed about the bargains for the latest gadgets.
C. Be complacent and immerse oneself in social media and its use.
D. Be aware and reflective about human lives and the roles that technology may play

47. Based on Heidegger’s philosophy, death is the end of possibility and living in this world is free of
possibility. What is the implication of this idea?

A. While we are living, we have to find God.

B. While we are living, we have to live to the fullest.
C. While we are living, we have to prepare for death.
D. While we are living, we have to work hard to realize our ambitions.

48. Given only a day left with your life, what would an authentic person do according to Heidegger?

A. Savor all the food and things you are deprived of.
B. Make the most out of life by doing meaningful things.
C. Avenge the lives of those who are destitute the most.
D. Say what you want to say that you are prohibited to talk about.

49. What is the branch of Philosophy that studies the nature and means of human knowledge?

A. Metaphysics
B. Ethics
C. Politics
D. Epistemology

50. According to Gabriel Marcel this type of reflection enables us to look deeper into our experiences
and see the bigger picture of reality.

A. Secondary reflection
B. Tertiary reflection
C. Primary reflection
D. all of the above