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Coding Concepts 1

test prep

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Rizwan Naeem
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10 views

Coding Concepts 1

test prep

Uploaded by

Rizwan Naeem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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In C#, vectors can be represented using arrays or collections, but for a more mathematical and object-oriented approach, you

can define a
`Vector` class that encapsulates vector operations like addition, subtraction, dot product, etc. Below is a basic implementation of a 2D vector
class in C#:

```csharp
using System;

public class Vector2


{
public float X { get; set; }
public float Y { get; set; }

public Vector2(float x, float y)


{
X = x;
Y = y;
}

// Vector addition
public static Vector2 operator +(Vector2 v1, Vector2 v2)
{
return new Vector2(v1.X + v2.X, v1.Y + v2.Y);
}

// Vector subtraction
public static Vector2 operator -(Vector2 v1, Vector2 v2)
{
return new Vector2(v1.X - v2.X, v1.Y - v2.Y);
}

// Scalar multiplication
public static Vector2 operator *(Vector2 v, float scalar)
{
return new Vector2(v.X * scalar, v.Y * scalar);
}

// Dot product
public static float Dot(Vector2 v1, Vector2 v2)
{
return v1.X * v2.X + v1.Y * v2.Y;
}

// Magnitude (Length) of the vector


public float Magnitude()
{
return (float)Math.Sqrt(X * X + Y * Y);
}

// Normalize the vector


public Vector2 Normalize()
{
float magnitude = Magnitude();
return new Vector2(X / magnitude, Y / magnitude);
}

// Override ToString for easy printing


public override string ToString()
{
return $"({X}, {Y})";
}
}

class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Vector2 v1 = new Vector2(3, 4);
Vector2 v2 = new Vector2(1, 2);

Vector2 sum = v1 + v2;


Vector2 difference = v1 - v2;
Vector2 scaled = v1 * 2;
float dotProduct = Vector2.Dot(v1, v2);
Vector2 normalized = v1.Normalize();

Console.WriteLine($"v1: {v1}");
Console.WriteLine($"v2: {v2}");
Console.WriteLine($"Sum: {sum}");
Console.WriteLine($"Difference: {difference}");
Console.WriteLine($"Scaled v1: {scaled}");
Console.WriteLine($"Dot Product: {dotProduct}");
Console.WriteLine($"Normalized v1: {normalized}");
}
}
```
### Explanation:

- **Vector2 Class:** This represents a 2D vector with `X` and `Y` components.
- **Operator Overloading:** The `+`, `-`, and `*` operators are overloaded to support vector addition, subtraction, and scalar multiplication.
- **Dot Product:** A static method to calculate the dot product of two vectors.
- **Magnitude:** This method returns the length of the vector.
- **Normalize:** Returns a unit vector (vector with a magnitude of 1) in the same direction.

### Usage:
- You can create instances of the `Vector2` class, perform operations like addition, subtraction, scaling, etc., and easily print the results.

This can be extended to 3D vectors by adding a `Z` component and modifying the methods accordingly.

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