(MATH1012)[2022](f)midterm~=pmv93m^_48909.pdf downloaded by snleungag from http://petergao.net/ustpastpaper/down.php?course=MATH1012&id=9 at 2024-10-08 12:57:09. Academic use within HKUST only.
Math 1012 - Calculus IA
Midterm Test, Fall Semester, 2022
Time Allowed: 2 Hours Total Marks: 100
Note: No calculators are allowed. If needed, you may use the following iden- tities: sin(A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B, sin(A − B) = sin A cos B − cos A sin B, cos(A + B) = cos A cos B − sin A sin B, cos(A − B) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B.
cos x − cos 3x (ii) lim =( ). x→0 x2 (A) −2; (B) 1;
(C) 4; (D) 0.
sin[ln(e + h)] − sin 1
(iii) lim =( ). h→0 ln(e + h) − 1 (A) cos 1; (B) sin 1;
(C) 1; (D) 0. (√ ) (iv) lim x2 + x + x = ( ). x→−∞
(A) 12 ; (B) − 21 ;
(C) 1; (D) +∞.
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x2 + e− sin x 2
2. (20 Marks) Let f (x) = . Determine whether the limit lim f (x) exists. x2 − 1 x→+∞ If it does, find its value; if it does not, explain. Solution It is clear that x2 1 lim = lim = 1. 4 x→+∞ x − 1 2 x→+∞ 1 − 1/x2
Since sin2 x ≥ 0, we have e− sin
2 x ≤ 1. Thus, for x > 1, e− sin x 2 1 0≤ 2 ≤ 2 . 8 x −1 x −1 1 Because lim = 0, by the Squeeze Rule, 2 x→+∞ x2 −1 e− sin x 2
lim = 0. 2 x→+∞ x2 − 1
Therefore, x2 + e− sin e− sin x 2 x 2 x2 lim f (x) = lim = lim 2 + lim 2 = 1 + 0 = 1. 4 x→+∞ x→+∞ x2 − 1 x→+∞ x − 1 x→+∞ x − 1
3. (20 Marks) Show that the function x10 − 10x2 + 1 has at least one positive root. Solution Denote f (x) = x10 − 10x2 + 1. It is clear that f is a polynomial, so it is continuous everywhere. 4 Since f (0) = 1 > 0, f (1) = 1 − 10 + 1 = −8 < 0, by the Intermediate Value Theorem, there is a number c ∈ (0, 1) such that f (c) = 0. This shows that f has at least one positive root. 4 + 12 4. (20 Marks) Find an equation of the tangent line to the curve y = y(x) given implic- itly by 2023 · xy + 2022 · y 3 = 1 at the point (1, −1). Solution Denote f (x) = xy(x) . We will use implicit differentiation to compute f ′ (x). In fact, by taking logarithm, we have ln f (x) = y(x) ln x. 2
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Differentiating both sides of the equality simultaneously, we have
f ′ (x) 1 = y ′ (x) · ln x + · y(x), 6 f (x) x [ ] ′ ′ 1 so that f (x) = x y(x) y (x) · ln x + · y(x) . 3 x Hence, by implicitly differentiating the original equation
2023 · f (x) + 2022 · [y(x)]3 = 1,
we get 2023 · f ′ (x) + 2022 × 3 · [y(x)]2 · y ′ (x) = 0, 4 or [ ] 1 2023 · x y(x) y (x) · ln x + · y(x) + 2022 × 3 · [y(x)]2 · y ′ (x) = 0. ′ x Putting x = 1, y(1) = −1, we have
2023 · (0 − 1) + 2022 × 3 · (−1)2 · y ′ (1) = 0,
2023 which gives y ′ (1) = . 3 3 × 2022 Finally, the tangent line of the curve at (1, −1) is 2023 y+1= (x − 1). 2 3 × 2022
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