02 Memory Web Quest

Memory Web Quest
There are 6 sections, you must choose 3 to work on and your partner must choose
the other 3 to work on. Responses must be in RED.
Part A: Read the article What is Memory? and answer the following questions.
1. How do psychologists define the term memory?

Psychological processes of acquiring, storing, retaining, and later retrieving information
2. Explain each of these three major processes involved in memory:
a. Encoding: the process of information being changed into a usable form
b. Storage: where the information waits to be retrieved
c. Retrieval: process that brings stored memories into conscious awareness
3. What is lethologica?
Knowing something but not being able to remember it
4. How can certain memory triggers or cues activate our memories?
To be able to identifying a certain sense or trigger a person has to remember where they know
that trigger from
5. List and describe the three stages of memory according to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model.
Sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory
6. How long do sensory memories last?
for visual information, no longer than half a second. for auditory information, usually 3 to 4
seconds
7. What is working memory?
the processes that are used to temporarily organize, sort and manipulate information
8. What are the four explanations for why we forget things?
failure to store a memory, interference, motivated forgetting, and retrieval failure
9. Which of the tips for improving memory provided in the article do you think would be most
helpful for improving your memory? Explain why.
I think that attaching a meaning to something improves your memory better because if
something is personal and unique to you then it’s harder to forget about it
Part B: Read this article on the Stage of Memory and answer the questions below.
10. What are the three main ways information is encoded into memory?
Visual, acoustic, and semantic
11. Which of the three methods of encoding above is used most often to keep information in our
short-term or working memory?
Acoustic encoding
Which is the principal method for long-term memory?
Semantic encoding
12. Explain Miller’s concept of the Magic Number 7.
Short-term memory capacity was 7 (plus or minus 2) items because it only had a certain number
of “slots” in which items could be stored.
13. How can chunking information help us store more in our short-term memory?
There’s limited space in the STM, so chunking helps to store more
14. Explain the phrase “long-term memory is stored and retrieved by association.
It is easier to remember what you were doing/what was happening when there is an experience
to ground that information/memory
Part C: Read the article What is Memory? and answer the following questions.
15. Explain each of the following types of memory. Note, you will need to click on each term in the
article to see the definition.
a. Episodic: captures the details of past events that one has personally experienced
b. Semantic: comprises a person’s knowledge about the world
c. Procedural: enables people to learn and execute tasks
d. Working: allows a person to temporarily hold a limited amount of information at the ready for
immediate mental use
e. Sensory: perceptions of the world through the five senses of sight, hearing, smell, touch, and
taste
f. Prospective: enables a person to recall an intention to do something
16. Provide an example from your own life for each type of memory listed below:
a. Episodic: my first day of highschool
b. Semantic: my sister goes to UVA
c. Procedural: learning multiplication tables
d. Working: taking one of those color pattern memory tests
e. Sensory: smelling a campfire
f. Prospective: remembering to go grocery shopping after I get lunch
Part D: Use this Interactive Infographic on Memory to answer the following questions.
17. What does working-memory help us do?

carry out a task, achieve a goal, or solve a problem
18. How is working-memory related to attention?
it helps move sensory information to short term memory
19. How long does short-term memory last? What can help us keep information in our short-term
memory longer?
a few seconds to a minute, but repetition helps us store longer
20. Click on Episodic Memory, then click on the Anatomy tab. How can the amygdala be involved
with making stronger memories?
It helps store memories with intense emotions
21. Click on Semantic Memory, then click on the Example tab. What did KC help researchers
understand about memory?
that certain parts of the hippocampus are more important for recalling episodic memories and the
parahippocampus is more involved in recalling semantic memories.
22. Click on Procedural Memory. What is motor memory?
task and skill based memories, like riding a bike or playing an instrument
23. Click on the Example tab. How is the cerebellum involved in procedural memory?
it helps store motor memories, when it stops working, movements become shaky
Part E. Watch this Crash Course video on Remembering and Forgetting. Answer the following questions.
24. What are your memories like?

like spider webs in the dark catacombs of your mind.
25. What are retrieval cues?
Details about your memories to help you recall, including emotions
26. What is priming? Give an example.
It is the recalling of a memory, like when you forget why you went into a room and retrace your steps to
figure it out
27. What is context dependent memory?
how “invisible memories” you didn’t know you had can awaken old associations
28. What do state dependent and mood congruent mean?
when you start recalling bad memories when your having a bad day
29. Explain the serial position effect.
when you remember what you did first and last but cannot remember what happened in between
30. What are the primacy and recency effects?
when something was done first it gets recalled more and is then put into your long term memory
31. List and explain the three ways we forget things (experience memory failure)?
fail to encode information, fail to retrieve it, or experience storage decay
32. Explain the difference between proactive interference and retroactive interference.
proactive is when something from the past makes it difficult to remember something new, while
retroactive is when something new makes it difficult to remember something old
33. What is the misinformation effect?
when specific wording can alter your memory of an event
34. Explain source misattribution?
when your mind tries to fill in the gaps between memories
35. Memory is both a reconstruction and a reproduction of the past.
36. What percentage of wrong convictions are based on eyewitness testimony?

seventy-five percent
Part F: Watch this video by memory researcher Elizabeth Loftus and answer the questions below.
37. What happened to Steve Titus?

he was falsely convicted of rape due to faulty human memory
38. In a survey of 300 cases of wrongful conviction, where a person was later exonerated of a crime,
three quarters of them had been incarcerated due to faulty human memory.
39. How is our memory like a Wikipedia page?
you can change it, but so can others
40. How are memories manipulated when a simulated accident is shown?
they are influenced and changed based on phrasing
41. How are false memories hurtful?
they can completely change an experience and even harm other people
42. How can false memories be used in a positive way?
to help with eating disorders and obesity
43. What is the significance of Dr. Loftus’s work?
it gave us insight to how our brains work with false memories and how it affects many people's lives both
negatively and positively
44. Think of a time in your life when memory has failed you or a family member. Describe the
situation and explain why you think it happened.
Forgetting to get milk from the grocery store when it's what I came there for in the first place, I think that
advertisements that I had seen earlier in the day had influenced my purchase as I was trying to recall
what I had been sent to get.

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Memory Web Quest

1. How do psychologists define the term memory?

2. Explain each of these three major processes involved in memory:

a. Encoding: the process of information being changed into a usable form

b. Storage: where the information waits to be retrieved

c. Retrieval: process that brings stored memories into conscious awareness

b. Semantic: comprises a person’s knowledge about the world

c. Procedural: enables people to learn and execute tasks

f. Prospective: enables a person to recall an intention to do something

a. Episodic: my first day of highschool

b. Semantic: my sister goes to UVA

c. Procedural: learning multiplication tables

d. Working: taking one of those color pattern memory tests

e. Sensory: smelling a campfire

f. Prospective: remembering to go grocery shopping after I get lunch

17. What does working-memory help us do?

24. What are your memories like?

36. What percentage of wrong convictions are based on eyewitness testimony?

37. What happened to Steve Titus?

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