Model Curriculum for Three/Four Year

Degree Course (With Multiple Entry /Exit

Option)
Based on NEP-2020

ARCHAEOLOGY

Odisha State Higher Education Council, Bhubaneswar

Government of Odisha

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 Contents
1. Structure and Regulation………………………………..

2. Core Courses (4 Credits each)…………………………………

3. Multidisciplinary Courses………………………………….
(3 courses to be chosen from baskets of Multidisciplinary for Semester-I/II/III
with 3 credits each)

4. Ability Enhancement Courses…………………………..

(Odia and English are the compulsory courses under Semester-I/II respectively
with 4 Credits each)

5. Skill Enhancement Courses (SEC)……………………....

(3 courses to be chosen from baskets of SEC for Semester-I/II/III respectively
with 3 credits each)

6. Value Added Courses………………………………........

a. Environmental Studies and Disaster management compulsory under
Semester-I with 3 Credits
b. 3 courses to be chosen from baskets of VAC for Semester-III/V/VI with
3 credits each

7. Summer Vocational Course ……………………………

(Students may choose vocational courses after 2nd Semester and 4th Semester
for Certificate Course or Diploma Course respectively with 4 credit each opt for
exit)

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Programme Outcome :
 To prepare the students for a career in
 To prepare the students for Higher Education and Research in
 To develop a conceptual understanding of the subject and to develop an
inquisitiveness in the subject.
 To enable the student to acquire basic skills necessary to understand the
subject and to master the skills to handle equipment’s utilized to learn the
subject.
 To generally promote wider reading on the subject and allied inter
disciplinary subject.

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 Semester-I
Core I ARCHAEOLOGY AND ITS FIELD METHODS

Course Outcome:
After completing this course students are expected to have a fair knowledge about the
scientific aspects of field archaeology and its methods. The expected outcome is that
the student will develop a strong foundation on the basic understanding of the nature,
development and value of archaeology as a discipline.
Course Objectives:
This course is an introductory paper intending to introduce field archaeology in terms
of exploration and excavation, development of archaeology in Indian and Global
perspective, different methods of data retrieval i.e. stratigraphy, its analysis and
interpretation.

Unit-I: Introduction
a. Definition and Scope
b. Relevance of Archaeology
c. Relationship with Pure Sciences and Social Sciences

Unit-II: Development of Archaeology

a. Development in Global Perspective
b. Development in Indian Perspective

Unit-III: Methods of Field Archaeology

a. Exploration Methods
b. Excavation Methods

Unit-IV: Practical Methods

Students would be assigned a Project work. They may participate in Excavation and
Exploration conducted by ASI, OSA, OIMSEAS or University Departments and
submits the report.

Books Recommended:
 D.K. Chakrabati ; A Source Book of Indian Archaeology from the Beginning to
1947, New Delhi, 1988.
 K. Rajan ; Archaeology ; Principles and Methods, Thanjavur, 2002.
 B. M. Fagan; Archaeology- A brief Introduction, New York, 1991.
 ..................; In the Beginning –An Introduction to Archaeology, London, 1988.
 C. Renfrew; Archaeology: Theories, Methods and Practice, U.S.A, 1991.

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 K.V Raman; Principles and Methods of Archaeology, Madras, 1986.
 J. J. Hester; Introduction to Archaeology, Williamsburg court Fairfax, 1976.
o Ghosh; An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology, New Delhi, 1989.
 W. S. Dancey ; Archaeology Field Methods; An Introduction, New Delhi, 1985.

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Core II Science in Archaeology

Corse Outcomes:
Students are familiarized to understand the past.
Course Objective:
In this paper students are introduced to the various scientific disciplines applied in
archaeological research. In this paper students would be given a scope to understand
the past through scientific aids and also through the classification of potteries and
antiquities.

Unit-I: Dating in Archaeology

(i). Relative Dating
(ii). Absolute Dating

Unit-II: Classification of Archaeological Remains

(i). Classification of Potteries
(ii). Classification of Antiquities

Unit-III: Documentation and Report Writing

(i). Documentation in Archaeology
(ii). Report Writing and Publication

Unit-IV: Practical
Students would be assigned to write a report. Students may take up internship in
OSM, ASI site museum, State site museums, University museums, etc. and submit a
report.

Books Recommended:
 Savindra Singh; Geomorphology, Allahabad, 1998.
 Colin Renfrew; Archaeology: Theories, Methods and Practice, U.S.A, 2012.
 B.M. Fagan ; In the Beginning –An Introduction to Archaeology, London, 1988.
 James j. Hester ; Introduction to Archaeology, Williamsburg court Fairfox,1976.
 K.V Raman ; Principles and Methods of Archaeology, Madras, 1986.
 Ghosh ; An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology, New Delhi, 1989.
 K.Rajan ; Archaeology ; Principles and Methods, Thanjavur, 2002.
 J.K.Patnaik, Excavations at Lalitgiri, MASI 112, New Delhi, 2016.
 S.K.Patnaik,Excavations at Radhanagar, OIMSEAS, Bhubaneswar ,2015.

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 Semester II
Core III Conservation and Preservation of Monuments

Course Outcome:
Students are made to understand the problems, prospects and issues related to
structural conservation and chemical preservation of monuments and antiquities.
Course Objectives:
The objective of this course is to introduce basic concepts of conservation and
preservation of monuments and antiquities including principles and ethics and
methods of conservation and restoration of monuments, artefacts, palm leafs etc.

Unit-I: Principles and Ethics of Conservation

a. Introduction to Conservation
b. Theories of Conservation
c. Values and Degrees of Conservation

Unit-II: Deterioration factors and their Remedies

a. Natural factors and their Remedies
b. Biological factors and their Remedies
c. Human factors and their Remedies

Unit-III: Mortars used in Ancient Buildings

a. Lime Mortar
b. Mud Mortar
c. Cement Mortar

Unit-IV: Built Heritage Sites and their Conservation and preservation

a. Excavated sites-Lalitagiri, Ratnagiri, Udayagiri
b. Temples.-Temples of Khiching, Sun Temple at Konark
Books Recommended:
 L.N. Batra ; Heritage Conservation (Preservation and Restoration of Monuments ),
New Delhi, 1996.
 O.P. Agrawal and M. Barkeshli ; Conservation of Books, Manuscripts and Paper
Documents, INTACH, 1997.
 O.P.Agrawal ; Preservation of Art Objects and Library Materials, NBT, 1993.
 B.Feilden ; Guideline for Conservation (A Technical Manual), INTACH,1989.
 S.S.Biswas ; Protecting The Cultural Heritage, New Delhi.

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Core IV Heritage of Odishan Art and Architecture

Course Outcome:
After completion of this paper the student will know the manner in which art and
architecture in Odisha evolved and the contribution of this eastern state to the Indian
fabric. He will have a good understand of the rock art, Buddhist and and Jaina art and
architecture of Odisha.
Course Objectives:
The paper is intends to familiarize the heritage of Odishan art and architecture i.e.
rock art (pictographs and petroglyphs), rock cut cave architecture and sculpture of
Dhauli, Khandagiri and Udayagiri, Buddhist architectures of Odisha (Hinayana,
Mahayana and Vajrayana period) and also the important Jaina centres and their art
and iconography.

Unit-I:Early Art Heritage

(i). Rock Art of Odisha
(ii). Dhauli, Khandagiri and Udayagiri

Unit-II: Buddhist Art of Odisha

(i). Concept of Stupa, Viharas and Chaityas
(ii). Lalitagiri, Ratnagiri, Udayagiri

Unit-III:Jaina Art of Odisha

(i). Jaina sites: Subai, Achyutarajpur
(ii). Jaina Tirthankaras and their Sasanadevis

Unit-IV Practical
Visit to sites and submit a report.

Books Recommended:
 S. Pradhan ; Rock Art in Orissa, New Delhi, 2001.
 D. Mitra ; Bhubaneswar, New Delhi, 1978.
 A.N. Parida ; Early Temples of Orissa, New Delhi, 1999.
 K.S. Behera &T.E.Donaldson ; Sculpture Masterpieces from Orissa, New Delhi,
1998.
 T.E.Donaldson ; Icongraphy of the Buddhist Sculptures of Orissa, Delhi, 2001.
 B.Bandyopadhyay ; Buddhist centres of Orissa, Lalitagiri, Ratnagiri and Udayagiri,
New Delhi, 2004.
 D. Mitra ; Khandagiri and Udayagiri, New Delhi, 1975.

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 R.P. Mohapatra ; Archaeology in Orissa, Vol-II, Delhi, 1986.
 S.K.Patnaik, Early Buddhist Art of Odisha, New Delhi, 2020.

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 Semester-III
Core V MUSEUM STUDIES

Course Outcome:
The expected outcome of the paper is to familiarize and make the student aware of
our rich cultural/architectural heritage through museum studies.
Course Objectives:
The course introduces the student to know and be aware of museums its content and
displays. It also teaches the student about the ancient Indian heritage of different
dynasties, their socio-political and religious – economic conditions etc.

Unit-I: Introduction
a. Definition and types of Museum
b. History of Museums in India and Odisha

Unit-II: Important Museums

a. Indian Museum-Kolkata, National Museum-New Delhi, Salarjung Museum-
Hyderabad
b. Odisha State Museum, Khiching Museum and Tarapur Museum

Unit-III: Archaeological Site Museums

a. Kalibangan, Nagarjunakonda, Purana Quila
b. Ratnagiri, Lalitagiri and Konark

Unit-IV: Practical
Visit to museums and to write a report.

Books Recommended:
 B. R. Thorat; Principles of Museology, Archaeology Archival and Library Science,
Mumbai, 2000.
 A. Tripathy; Museum Studies, Delhi, 2010.
 H. Sarkar; Museum in Archaeological Remains, Monuments and Museum, Delhi,
1964
 N. R. Banarjee; Museum and Cultural Heritage in India, Delhi, 1990.
 M. L. Nigam; Fundamentals of Museology, Hyderabad, 1985.
 U. Agarwal; Directory of Museums in India, New Delhi, 2000.

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Core VI Indian Art and Architecture
Course Outcome:
The expected outcome of the paper is to familiarize and make the student aware of
our rich cultural/architectural heritage and their contribution. To better comprehend
the architectural heritage of the Buddhist and the Rock Cut Cave tradition of India.
Course Objectives:
The course would introduce the student to know and be aware of our ancient heritage
and its architecture from the Mauryan to the early medieval period. It teaches the
student about the ancient Indian heritage of the Mauryan, Sungas, Buddhist
Architectures of north and south India.

Unit-I: Harappan Art and Architecture

a. Town Planning
b. Great Bath, Dockyard and Water Reservoir

Unit-II: Mauryan and Sunga School of Art

a. Mauryan Column and its features
b. Salient features of Stupa, Viharas and Chaityas
c. Sanchi and Bharut Art

Unit-III: Kushana School of Art

a. Gandhara School of Art
b. Mathura School of Art

Unit-IV: Andhra School of Art

a. Amaravati School of Art
b. Nagarjuna School of Art

Books Recommended:
 P.Brown ; Indian Architecture (Buddhist and Hindu Period), Mumbai, 1997.
 Edith Tomory ; A History of fine art, In India and the west, Chennai, 2009.
 V. Dehejia ; Indian Art, London, 1997.
 R. Craven ; Indian Art, London, 1997.
 S.P.Gupta ; Elements of Indian Art, New Delhi, 2002.
 A.N. Parida ; Early Temples of Orissa, New Delhi, 1999.
 K.S. Behera ; Temples of Orissa, Bhubaneswar, 1993.
 N.S. Ramaswami ; Indian Monuments, New Delhi, 1979.
 S.L. Huntington, The Art of Ancient India,New Delhi,2014.

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Core VII Odishan Temple Architecture

Course Outcome:
This paper will bring about a clear understanding of the regional style of temple
architecture that evolved in Odisha. He will know how the style evolved and how
Odisha had a distinct identity of its own due to its temples. He will be able to
differentiate the various types of the style and classify them.
Course Objectives:
The paper would introduce the students and give them an understanding of Odishan
temple art and architecture. He is taught the very fundamentals of the regional style
that evolved in Odisha from the 6th century to the 13th century A.D.

Unit-I: Introduction
a. Classification of Temples
b. Salient features of Temples

Unit-II: Early Phase

a. Satrughanesvara Temple
b. Parasuramesvara Temple
c. Vaitala Temple

Unit-III: Transition and Mature Phase

a. Muktesvara Temple
b. Brahmesvara Temple
c. Lingaraj Temple
d. Sun Temple at Konark

Unit-IV: Practical
Project report writing.

Books Recommended:
 A.N. Parida ; Early Temples of Orissa, New Delhi, 1999.
 K.S. Behera &T.E.Donaldson ; Sculpture Masterpieces from Orissa, New Delhi,
1998.
 T.E.Donaldson ; Icongraphy of the Buddhist Sculptures of Orissa, Delhi, 2001.
 T.E. Donaldson ; Hindu Temple Art of Orissa, Vol.I & II, 1985-86.
 R.P. Mohapatra ; Archaeology in Orissa, Vol-II, Delhi, 1986.
 K.S. Behera; Temples of Odisha, Odisha Sahitya Academy, 1981.
 D. Mitra ; Bhubaneswar, Calcutta,1958.
 K.S. Behera ; Konark: The Heritage of Mankind, Religion, History and
Architecture,Vol.II, New Delhi, 1996.
 N. K. Bose ; Cannons of Orissan Architecture, New Delhi, 1982.

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