TOPIC 6: MENSURATION Circles and sectors

An arc is any continuous part arc

UNITS of the circle. The length of an
You should be familiar with the following units: arc is called its arclength. r sector
q°
Length: mm, cm, m, km Every arc has a corresponding
sector, which is the portion
Area: mm2 , cm2 , m2 , ha, km2 of the circle subtended by the
Volume: mm3 , cm3 , m3 same angle µ± as the arc.
Capacity: ml, cl, l
For a circle: Circumference C = ¼d = 2¼r
Mass: g, kg, t Area A = ¼r2

To convert from smaller to larger units we divide by the For a sector of angle µ± :
conversion factor. ¡ ¢
Arclength s= µ
360
£ 2¼r
To convert from larger to smaller units we multiply by the ¡ ¢
Area A= µ
360
£ ¼r2
conversion factor.

LENGTH
SURFACE AREA
The perimeter of a figure is the measurement of the distance
around its boundary. Solids with plane faces
For a polygon the perimeter is the sum of the lengths of all
The surface area of a three dimensional figure with plane faces
sides.
£1000 £100 £10 is the sum of the areas of the faces.

To assist in your calculations, you can draw a net of the solid,

km m cm mm
correctly labelling the dimensions.
¥1000 ¥100 ¥10 Solids with curved surfaces
AREA
You should be able to use these formulae for surface area:
The area of a figure is the amount of surface within its
boundaries. Hollow cylinder Hollow can
£100 £10 000 £10 000 £100 hollow hollow

km2 ha m2 cm2 mm2

h h
¥100 ¥10 000 ¥10 000 ¥100
r hollow r solid
You should be able to use these formulae for area:
Rectangles A = 2¼rh A = 2¼rh + ¼r2

Area = length £ width

width
Solid cylinder Hollow cone

length solid r

Triangles
h
1 l
Area = 2
(base £ height) height

r solid
base
A = 2¼rh + 2¼r2 A = ¼rl
Parallelograms
Area = base £ height height Solid cone Sphere
r
base r
a
Trapezia l
1
Area = 2
(a + b) £ h h

A = ¼rl + ¼r2 A = 4¼r2

b

Exam Preparation & Practice Guide 33 Cambridge IGCSE International Mathematics (0607) Extended
 SKILL PRACTICE
VOLUME
The volume of a solid is the amount of space it occupies. 1 Convert:
a 72 mm to cm b 5:8 m to mm
£1 000 000 £1000
c 9:75 km to m d 28 000 000 cm to km.
m3 cm3 mm3 2 Kevin counts the light poles on the footpath as he walks to
school. Kevin walks 2:4 km, and counts 80 light poles. How
¥1 000 000 ¥1000 far is it between each light pole?
You should be able to use these formulae for volume: 3 Find the perimeter of:
Solids of uniform cross-section a b c 1.5 m

15 cm
2.5 m
height 2m
height

end 12 cm 3.5 m
end end height 4 Convert:
Volume of uniform solid = area of end £ height a 44 mm2 to cm2 b 0:059 ha to cm2
c 21:85 ha to km2 d 0:000 006 2 km2 to mm2
Pyramids and cones 2 2
e 360 m to cm f 39 500 m2 to ha.
height height 5 A rectangle is 3:2 m by 2:4 m and has the same perimeter as a
square. Find the length of the sides of the square.

6 The base area of a box of stickers is 85 cm2 . How many of

these boxes will fit in one layer of a pallet of area 1:36 m2 ?
base base 7 Find a formula for the perimeter P of:
Volume of a pyramid or cone = 13 (area of base £ height) a b c

Spheres p
z b
r q

a
8 A circle has area 36:4 m2 . Find:
a its radius b its circumference.
Volume of a sphere = 43 ¼r3
9 Find the area of the following:
You can find the volumes of compound solids by separating
a b
the solid into sections like those above.

3 cm
CAPACITY
The capacity of a container is the quantity of fluid or gas
required to fill it. 5 cm 6m
£1000 £100 £10

8 cm 9m
kl litres cl ml
10 Find the surface area of:
¥1000 ¥100 ¥10 a a cube with sides 16 cm
Connecting volume to capacity b a cuboid 36 mm £ 48 mm £ 21 mm.

1 ml ´ 1 cm3 11 Convert:
1 litre ´ 1000 cm3 a 3:71 litres into cl b 58 215 ml into litres.
1 kl = 1000 litres ´ 1 m3 12 Calculate the length of guard rail needed to construct a safety
fence for the following viewing platform:
MASS
The mass of an object is the amount of matter in it.
£1000 £1000 £1000 0.9 m
1m 1m
t kg g mg
2m
1.6 m
¥1000 ¥1000 ¥1000

Cambridge IGCSE International Mathematics (0607) Extended 34 Exam Preparation & Practice Guide
13 Find the area of a kite whose diagonals have lengths 40 cm and 22 A television cabinet has the dimensions shown. Find:
70 cm.
50 cm
42 cm
14 Find the surface area of:
a b

55 cm
35 mm
110 cm
110 cm
230 cm
42 mm a the area of its top
b the total surface area of its four sides.
15 Find the perimeter and area of the following figures:
a b 23 40 mm3 of copper is required to make a single resistor. How
many resistors can be made with 1000 cm3 of copper?

24 The engine of a 500 cc motorbike holds 500 cm3 of fuel-air

2.2 m mixture. Express this quantity in litres.
10 mm
80°
25 Find the perimeter and area of this figure:

16 Convert the following:

a 7:25 m3 to cm3
b 2 900 000 000 mm3 to m3
c 2500 cm3 to mm3 .
36 cm

26 When full, a blow-up beach ball has diameter 36 cm. Find the
17 A chef uses 75 ml of milk in each serve of mashed potatoes.
surface area of rubber needed to make 200 of these balls.
He makes an average of 235 serves each week. How many
litres of milk does he use? 27 Find the volume of the following:
a b
18 Adrian’s new garage has
the dimensions shown. 2.5 m 2.5 m
48 mm
Find the surface area of
sheet metal required for 4.2 m
the walls and roof. 2m 3.5 m 86 mm
6m
3.5 m c d
25 cm
2.5 cm
19 A sector has radius 4 cm and angle 250± . Find its area.

20
60 mm area of
e end 3.6 cm2

48 mm
h mm

8m

a Find the area of the parallelogram. b Find h. 5m

28 Find the outer surface area of:
a b open top 14 mm
21 Find the surface area of these solids:
open top
a b

8 cm 28 mm
40 cm
6 cm

60 cm 3.8 m
29 A circular pie with radius 8:5 cm is served on a square plate
with sides 21 cm long. What proportion of the area of the plate
does the pie cover?

Exam Preparation & Practice Guide 35 Cambridge IGCSE International Mathematics (0607) Extended
30 A cylindrical drinking flask has radius 38 Eliza has a bucket with the 36 cm
3:42 cm and height 16:33 cm. Find its dimensions shown. She fills it
capacity. with water, but there is a hole
in the bucket, so the water drips 35 cm
out at a rate of 1:2 ml/min.
How much water remains in
the bucket when Eliza returns 55 cm
31 How many cylindrical cookies with diameter 5 cm and 3 hours later?
thickness 1 cm could be made from a rectangular block of
dough 20 cm £ 15 cm £ 8 cm? 39 Find formulae for the volume V of the following objects:
32 Three sizes of tile are used a b
.... to form the 3:25 m £ 2:25 m
floor of a bathroom using the
pattern shown. The large
h
tiles are 10 cm £ 10 cm.
What proportion of the area
is covered by the smallest
a b 2p
tiles?
....

33 Pauline has a wooden block 3a

with the dimensions shown. c
She paints a 1 cm wide
border around the edge of h
10 cm
every face. Find:
20 cm b
10 cm 5a
a the total surface area of the block
40 Des buys a 500 g wedge of his
b the painted area c the unpainted area. favourite cheese. The wedge is a
34 Find a formula for the area A of the following regions: right angle and is 6:1 cm high. Its 6.1 cm
a volume is 460 cm3 . 500 g
Find the radius of the wedge.

r 41 A concrete bench for a bus stop is made with the dimensions

shown. Show that the volume of concrete used is given by the
formula V = a2 l( ¼8 + 8).
b c
a
a
q c 2a
b 2a
2a
d l

42 A metal door handle is formed from three cylindrical pieces.

The handles are 4 cm deep and have radius 3 cm. The shaft in
g
the middle has length 12 cm and radius 1:5 cm.
radius radius 1.5 cm
3 cm
radius
3 cm
35 A solid cone has diameter 15 mm and slant height 34 mm. Find
its surface area.
36 Emma has just bought 60 timber posts to help build a fence. 12 cm
Each post is a cylinder 1:8 m long with diameter 16 cm. The 4 cm 4 cm
total mass of Emma’s posts is 1:08 tonnes. Find the total volume of the door handle.
Find: a the mass of each post in kilograms 43 a 55 litres of water is added
b the volume of each post in m3 to the cylindrical aquarium
shown.
37 Find a formula for the surface area A of the following solids: How far from the top does
a b the water rise?
50 cm
y b Glass marbles of diameter
d 12 mm are carefully added
to the aquarium. How
x many marbles can be
l added without causing the 40 cm
2x water to overflow?

Cambridge IGCSE International Mathematics (0607) Extended 36 Exam Preparation & Practice Guide