TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SPKT HƯNG YÊN ĐỀ THI GIỮA HỌC PHẦN

KHOA: NGOẠI NGỮ Trình độ, loại hình đào tạo: Đại học chính quy
BỘ MÔN: THỰC HÀNH TIẾNG Ngành đào tạo: Ngôn ngữ Anh
Mã Bộ môn: 15 Học phần: Kỹ năng đọc 4
ĐỀ SỐ: A Mã HP: 151604 Số TC: 2
(Sinh viên nộp lại đề khi giờ thi kết thúc) Thời gian làm bài: 50 phút

Reading passage 1: (6.8 points)

A The term "TV addiction" is imprecise, but it captures the essence of a very real phenomenon. Psychologists
formally define addiction as a disorder characterized by criteria that include spending a great deal of time using
the thing; using it more often than one intends; thinking about reducing use or making repeated unsuccessful
efforts to reduce use; giving up important activities to use it; and reporting withdrawal symptoms when one
stops using it.

B All these criteria can apply to people who watch a lot of television. That does not mean that watching
television, in itself, is problematic. Television can teach and amuse; it can be highly artistic; it can provide
much needed distraction and escape. The difficulty arises when people strongly sense that they ought not to
watch as much as they do and yet find they are unable to reduce their viewing. Some knowledge of how
television becomes so addictive may help heavy viewers gain better control over their lives.

C The amount of time people spend watching television is astonishing. On average, individuals in the
industrialized world devote three hours a day to the activity – fully half of their leisure time, and more than on
any single activity except work and sleep. At this rate, someone who lives to 75 would spend nine years in front
of the television. Possibly, this devotion means simply that people enjoy TV and make a conscious decision to
watch it. But if that is the whole story, why do so many people worry about how much they view? In surveys in
1992 and 1999, two out of five adults and seven out of ten teenagers said they spent too much time watching
TV. Other surveys have consistently shown that roughly ten per cent of adults call themselves TV addicts.

D To study people’s reactions to TV, researchers have undertaken laboratory experiments in which they have
monitored the brain waves, skin resistance or heart rate of people watching television. To study behavior and
emotion in the normal course of life, as opposed to the artificial conditions of the laboratory, we have used the
Experience Sampling Method (ESM). Participants carried a beeper*, and we signaled them six to eight times a
day, at random, over the period of a week; whenever they heard the beep, they wrote down what they were
doing and how they were feeling.

E As one might expect, people who were watching TV when we beeped them reported feeling relaxed and
passive. The EEG studies similarly show less mental stimulation, as measured by alpha brain-wave production,
during viewing than during reading.

F What is more surprising is that the sense of relaxation ends when the set is turned off, but the feelings of
passivity and lowered alertness continue. Survey participants commonly reflect that television has somehow
absorbed or sucked out their energy, leaving them depleted. They say they have more difficulty concentrating
after viewing than before. In contrast, they rarely indicate such difficulty after reading. After playing sports or
engaging in hobbies, people report improvements in mood. After watching TV, people's moods are about the
same or worse than before.

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G Within moments of sitting or lying down and pushing the "power" button, viewers report feeling more
relaxed. Because the relaxation occurs quickly, people are conditioned to associate viewing with rest and lack of
tension. The association is positively reinforced because viewers remain relaxed throughout viewing.

H Thus, the irony of TV: people watch a great deal longer than they plan to, even though prolonged viewing is
less rewarding. In our ESM studies the longer people sat in front of the set, the less satisfaction they said they
derived from it. When signaled, heavy viewers (those who consistently watch more than four hours a day)
tended to report on their ESM sheets that they enjoy TV less than light viewers did (less than two hours a day).
For some, a twinge of unease or guilt that they aren't doing something more productive may also accompany
and depreciate the enjoyment of prolonged viewing. Researchers in Japan, the U.K. and the U.S. have found
that this guilt occurs much more among middle-class viewers than among less affluent ones.

I The orienting response is an instinctive reaction to any sudden or new, such as movement or possible attack by
a predator. Typical orienting reactions include the following the arteries to the brain grow wider allowing more
blood to reach it, the heart slows down and arteries to the large muscles become narrower so as to reduce blood
supply to them. Brain waves are also interrupted for a few seconds. These changes allow the brain to focus its
attention on gathering more information and becoming more alert while the rest of the body becomes quieter.

Questions 1-3 The list below gives some characteristics of addiction. Which THREE of the following are
mentioned as characteristics of addiction to television?

A harmful physical effects

B loss of control over time
C destruction of relationships
D reduced intellectual performance
E discomfort when attempting to give up
F dishonesty about the extent of the addiction

Questions 4-8 Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?
In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement agrees with the writer's claims

NO if the statement contradicts the writer's claims
NOT
if there is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
GIVEN

4) One purpose of the research is to help people to manage their lives better.

5) Watching television has reduced the amount of time people spend sleeping.

6) People's brains show less activity while watching television than when reading.

7) There is a relationship between the length of time spent watching TV and economic status.

8) Pleasure increases in proportion to the length of time spent watching TV.

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Questions 9-13 Classify the following feelings or mental states as generally occurring:

A before watching television C after watching television

B while watching television D both while and after watching television

9) reduced anxiety and stress.

10) increased fatigue.

11) higher levels of concentration.

12) less mental activity.

13) worry about time wasted.

Questions 14-17 Complete the labels on the diagram. Choose your answers from the box beside the diagram.
NB There are more words / phrase than spaces, so you will not use them all.
A relaxed E reduced
B accelerated F stopped momentarily
C increased G widened
D lengthened H regulated

Reading passage 2: (3.2 points)

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In 2002, William Kamkwamba had to drop out of school, as his father, a maize and tobacco farmer, could no
longer afford his school fees. But despite this setback, William was determined to get his education. He began
visiting a local library that had just opened in his old primary school, where he discovered a tattered science
book. With only a rudimentary grasp of English, he taught himself basic physics - mainly by studying photos
and diagrams. Another book he found there featured windmills on the cover and inspired him to try and build
his own.

He started by constructing a small model. Then, with the help of a cousin and friend, he spent many weeks
searching scrap yards and found old tractor fans, shock absorbers, plastic pipe and bicycle parts, which he used
to build the real thing.

For windmill blades, William cut some bath pipe in two lengthwise, then heated the pieces over hot coals to
press the curled edges flat. To bore holes into the blades, he stuck a nail through half a corncob, heated the
metal red and twisted it through the blades. It took three hours to repeatedly heat the nail and bore the holes. He
attached the blades to a tractor fan using proper nuts and bolts and then to the back axle of a bicycle. Electricity
was generated through the bicycle dynamo. When the wind blew the blades, the bike chain spun the bike wheel,
which charged the dynamo and sent a current through wire to his house.

What he had built was a crude machine that produced 12 volts and powered four lights. When it was all done,
the windmill's wingspan measured more than eight feet and sat on top of a rickety tower 15 feet tall that swayed
violently in strong gales. He eventually replaced the tower with a sturdier one that stands 39 feet, and built a
second machine that watered a family garden.

The windmill brought William Kamkwamba instant local fame, but despite his accomplishment, he was still
unable to return to school. However, news of his magetsi a mphepo - electric wind - spread beyond Malawi, and
eventually things began to change. An education official, who had heard news of the windmill, came to visit his
village and was amazed to learn that William had been out of school for five years. He arranged for him to
attend secondary school at the government's expense and brought journalists to the farm to see the windmill.
Then a story published in the Malawi Daily Mail caught the attention of bloggers, which in turn caught the
attention of organisers for the Technology Entertainment and Design conference.

In 2007, William spoke at the TED Global conference in Tanzania and got a standing ovation. Businessmen
stepped forward with offers to fund his education and projects, and with money donated by them, he was able to
put his cousin and several friends back into school and pay for some medical needs of his family. With the
donation, he also drilled a borehole for a well and water pump in his village and installed drip irrigation in his
father's fields.

The water pump has allowed his family to expand its crops. They have abandoned tobacco and now grow
maize, beans, soybeans, potatoes and peanuts. The windmills have also brought big lifestyle and health changes
to the other villagers. 'The village has changed a lot,' William says. 'Now, the time that they would have spent
going to fetch water, they are using for doing other things. And also the water they are drinking is clean water,
so there is less disease.' The villagers have also stopped using kerosene and can use the money previously spent
on fuel to buy other things.

William Kamkwamba's example has inspired other children in the village to pursue science. William says they
now see that if they put their mind to something, they can achieve it. 'It has changed the way people think,' he
says.

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Questions 1-5 Complete the flow chart below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the
passage for each answer.
Building the Windmill

William learned some (1) .................... from a library book.

First, he built a (2) .................... of the windmill.

Then he collected materials from (3) .................... with a relative.

He made the windmill blades from pieces of (4) .....................

He fixed the blades to a (5) .................... and then to part of a bicycle.

He raised the blades on a tower.

Questions 6-8 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the Reading Passage. In
boxes 6-10 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement is true according to the passage
FALSE if the statement is false according to the passage
NOT
if the information is not given in the passage
GIVEN
6) William used the electricity he created for village transport.
7) At first, William's achievement was ignored by local people.
8) Journalists from other countries visited William's farm.

Thông qua BM Cán bộ ra đề thi 1 Cán bộ ra đề thi 2

(ký, ghi rõ họ tên) (ký, ghi rõ họ tên) (ký, ghi rõ họ tên)

Nguyễn Thị Năm Nguyễn Năng Tuấn Phạm Thị Dương

Ghi chú: - Cán bộ coi thi không giải thích gì thêm! Đề thi gồm có 5 trang