Mattu University

Collage of engineering and technology

Department of computer science
Course Title: Fundamentals of Database Systems
Course Number: CoSc2041
Credit Hours: 3 ECTS: 5
Contact Hours: Lecture: 2hrs Laboratory: 3hrs Tutorial: 2hrs
Prerequisite: None
The course will be given on year II and semester I
Course description
This course is assumed to be the first course in database management systems. It starts by
introducing hat database is and database systems, and how it differs with the traditional file
processing system. It then deals with data models, ER diagrams, database design methods,
normalization, relational algebra and calculus, file organizations and storage management,
index structure for files, and SQL statements. The course mainly emphasizes on basics of
database systems how to retrieve and modify data. It also deals with different database
environments.
Course objectives
This course introduces the students to the overview, design and implementation of database
systems.
At the end of this course, students will be able to:
 Understand what database is, database system and DBMS
 Differentiate database system from file system
 Identify the pros and cons of manual approach, file based approach and database approach
 Understand the basic principles of database design systems using different database models
 Appreciate the use of database system in the real world.
 Design different types of databases
 Understand database normalization & functional dependency
 Understand the principles of relational database management systems and their languages
 Understand file organizations and storage management, and index structure for files
 Demonstrate queries in the relational algebra.
 Demonstrate queries in the tuple relational calculus.
 Create a relational database schema in SQL that incorporates key, entity integrity, and referential
integrity constraints.
Course outline Chapter 4: Functional Dependency and
Chapter 1: Introduction to Database Normalization (4 hours)
Systems (2 hours) 4.1. Functional Dependency
4.2. Normal Forms
1.1. Overview
4.2.1.First Normal Form
1.2. Basics of Database
4.2.2.Second Normal Form
1.3. File organization verses Database approach
4.2.3.Third Normal Form
1.4. Users and actors of Database system
4.2.4.Boyce Codd Normal Form
1.5. Characteristics of the Database Approach
Chapter 5: Record Storage and Primary
1.6. Actors on the Scene
File Organization (4 hours)
Chapter 2: Database System
5.1. Introduction
Architecture (2 hours)
5.2. Operations on Files
2.1. Data models, Schemas, and Instances
5.3. Files of Unordered Records (Heap Files)
2.2. Over view of data models
5.4. Files of Ordered Records (Sorted files)
2.3. Architecture and Data Independence
5.5. Hashing Techniques
2.4. Database Language and Interface
5.6. Index Structure for Files
2.5. The Database System Environment
5.7. Types of Single Level Ordered Index
2.6. Classification of DBMS
5.8. Dynamic Multilevel indexes using B-
Chapter 3: Database Modeling (6 hours)
Trees and B+ Trees
3.1. The Entity Relationship (ER) Model
5.9. Indexes on Multiple Indexes
3.1.1.The high-level conceptual model
Chapter 6: The Relational Algebra and
3.1.2.Entities, Attributes, and Keys
Relational Calculus (4 hours)
3.1.3.Relationships, Associations, and constraints
3.1.4.The ER Diagrams
6.1. Introduction
3.1.5.Mapping ER-models to relational tables 6.2. Relational Algebra

3.2. Enhanced Entity Relationship (EER) Model 6.3. The Relational Calculus

3.2.1.Inheritance Chapter 7: The SQL Language (8 hours)

3.2.2.Union 7.1. Structured Query Language
3.2.3.Aggregation and Association 7.2. Datatypes
3.2.4.Mapping EER model to relational model 7.3. DDL, DML, TCL and DCL
3.3. The Relational Database Model 7.4. Basic Queries in SQL
3.3.1.The Relational Model Concepts 7.5. Nested Queries in SQL
3.3.2.The Relational Constraints and Relational 7.6. Views
Database Schemas 7.7. Comments
3.3.3.The Relational Operations 7.8. Constraints
Evaluation Schemes
(This may vary on the number of students per class, but general evaluation scheme is as below)
 Quiz 10%
 Mid Exam 30%
 Lab Evaluation and Project Work 20%
 Final Exam 40%
Text books and References:
Textbook:
1. Raghu Ramakrishnan, Johannes Gehrke. Database Management Systems, McGraw-Hill; 3rd edition,2002
2. Elmasri, R., & Navathe, S. (2017). Fundamentals of database systems (7th Edition). Pearson.
References
1. Osama Mustafa, Robert P. Lockard. (2019). Oracle Database Application Security, Apress, Berkeley, CA.
2. C. J. Date. (2019). Database Design and Relational Theory. 2nd Edition. Apress, Berkeley, CA.
3. Anthony Hack. (2019). SQL Computer Programming for Beginners. Independently published
Laboratory Course Outline
Week1: Database modeling  group by, order by, having, wildcards, and
Week 2: Introduction and Software regular expressions

Installation Week 5: More Complex SQL Retrieval Queries 2

 Aggregate Functions in SQL
 (Microsoft SQL Server or Oracle DB)
 Null value & Keywords in SQL
 Data Definition Language
 Auto Increment, alter, drop, rename in SQL
 Data definition and data types in SQL
Week 6:More Complex SQL Retrieval queries Joins
Week 3: Data Manipulation Language
Week 7: More Complex SQL Retrieval queries
 Specifying Constraints in SQL
 Unions, intersections, differences
 Querying from tables (insert, select,
Week 8: Views
delete, update) Week 9: SQL Functions 1,2&3
Week 4: More Complex SQL Retrieval Queries 1 Week 10: File Organization and Index
 Sorting (ascending, descending) using
ORDER BY, DESC and ASC

Good luck !!!