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    Fluid Part I Archimedes Principle

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    Fluid Part I Archimedes Principle

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    Fluid-part-I-Archimedes-Principle

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    Fluid Part I Archimedes Principle

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    FLUIDS

     Fluids – both liquid and gases flow readily known as Fluids.


     Property of Fluids
     Density is one property of fluids . Density is equal to the mass over unit
    volume ρ = M/V Where ρ is the density m= mass and V – volume
    The hydrometer is the instrument used in measuring density
    Example 1: What is the density of alcohol in a 500 ml bottle of 70% alcohol
    solution if the mass of ethyl alcohol is 395g?
    Given: M=395g V= 0.7 ( 500cc) = 350cc alcohol
    m 395 g
    ρ= = =1.12 g /cc
    v 350 cc
     Specific gravity (sp.gr) or relative density another property of fluids
    It is the ratio of the density of fluid divided by the density of water
    Example 2: Calculate the specific gravity of alcohol in example 1
    g
    Given: ρ alcohol=1.12 cc }¿
    ρ water = 1g/cc

    Sp. gr = 1.12 g/cc = 1.12


    1g/cc

    ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE

    Learning Outcome
    After the completion of the lesson on Archimedes Principle, the students should
    be able to
    1. State the Principle of Archimedes
    2. Analyze the situations given on Archimedes
    3. Solve problems on Archimedes Principl
    Course Materials
    In 287 BC , Archimedes . a Greek mathematician made studies in liquids.
     He came to a conclusion and stated what is known as Archimedes
    Principle He stated that:
    “ A body wholly or partially submerged in water experiences an upward
    equal to the weight of the fluid displaced”
    Practical application of this principle is when you dive In a swimming pool
    In the pool, you would notice that there is an upward force pushing you
    upwards and you will observe that you are floating in water enabling you
    to swim in the water
    BOUYANCY AND DENSITY
    On object’s density will tell whether it will sink or float in a fluid as long as
    you know the density of the fluid . Consider a solid as form object totally
    immersed on a fluid. The weight of the object is
    W=mg m= ρv
    W0= m0g
    W0= ρoVog
    Wo =weight of the object
    The weight of the volume of fluid displaced , or the magnitude of the
    buoyant force is
    Fb = Wf = mfg = ρ fVfg Wf= weight of fluid

    Sample Problem:
    1. What is the buoyant force in air on a spherical helium balloon with a
    radius of a 0.30m of density of air is 1.29 kg/m3?
    kg
    Given; radius = 0.30m ρ air=1.29 m3
    g= 9.8 m/s2 Find = Fb

    S olution: use equation = Fb = mg = ρ air Vairg. but find the volume


    of the spherical balloon.
    1
    Volume of a sphere = 4/3 πr 3= 3 ( 3.1416 )( 0.30 m ) 3
    = (4.188) ( 0. 027 m3)
    V = 0.11 m3

    Fb = ρ air V air g
    = 1.29 kg/m3 ( 0.11 m2) ( 9.8m/s2)
    = 1.39 kg.m/s2
    Fb = 1.39 N weight of the air displaced by the balloons or the
    magnitude of the upward buoyant force, because F= W=mg

    Note that the buoyant force depends on the density of the fluid and
    the volume of the object , shape makes no difference
    Activity :
    1. A silver bracelet weighs 5.0N in a spring balance . When immersed
    in water the scale reads 4.5 N . Is the bracelet made of pure silver?
    2. Discuss how the Archimedes Principle applied on the following;
    Ships, beach balls, submarines, floating, hydrometer, fish and
    geology

    References:
    Bantillan, Monica College Physics pages 34-35
    Wilson, Buffa Physics pages 309-322

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