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    Chap 3 Decision Making With Branching

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    tokewe2388
    Conditional Statement cases in C programming

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Chap 3 Decision Making With Branching

    Uploaded by

    tokewe2388
    6 views9 pages
    Conditional Statement cases in C programming

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    Chap 3 Decision making with Branching

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Conditional Statement cases in C programming

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    6 views9 pages

    Chap 3 Decision Making With Branching

    Uploaded by

    tokewe2388
    Conditional Statement cases in C programming

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Module 3 – Control Structures:

    3.1 Decision making with Branching - If statement, If-else Statement, Switch


    case statement

    C if else Statement
    The if-else statement in C is used to perform the operations based on some specific
    condition. The operations specified in if block are executed if and only if the given
    condition is true.

    There are the following variants of if statement in C language.

    o If statement
    o If-else statement
    o If else-if ladder
    o Nested if

    If Statement
    The if statement is used to check some given condition and perform some operations
    depending upon the correctness of that condition. It is mostly used in the scenario
    where we need to perform the different operations for the different conditions. The
    syntax of the if statement is given below.

    1. if(expression){
    2. //code to be executed
    3. }
    Flowchart of if statement in C

    Let's see a simple example of C language if statement.

    1. #include<stdio.h>
    2. int main(){
    3. int number=0;
    4. printf("Enter a number:");
    5. scanf("%d",&number);
    6. if(number%2==0){
    7. printf("%d is even number",number);
    8. }
    9. return 0;
    10. }
    Output

    Enter a number:4
    4 is even number
    enter a number:5

    Program to find the largest number of the three.

    1. #include <stdio.h>
    2. int main()
    3. {
    4. int a, b, c;
    5. printf("Enter three numbers?");
    6. scanf("%d %d %d",&a,&b,&c);
    7. if(a>b && a>c)
    8. {
    9. printf("%d is largest",a);
    10. }
    11. if(b>a && b > c)
    12. {
    13. printf("%d is largest",b);
    14. }
    15. if(c>a && c>b)
    16. {
    17. printf("%d is largest",c);
    18. }
    19. if(a == b && a == c)
    20. {
    21. printf("All are equal");
    22. }
    23. }

    Output

    Enter three numbers?


    12 23 34
    34 is largest
    If-else Statement
    The if-else statement is used to perform two operations for a single condition. The if-
    else statement is an extension to the if statement using which, we can perform two
    different operations, i.e., one is for the correctness of that condition, and the other is
    for the incorrectness of the condition. Here, we must notice that if and else block
    cannot be executed simultaneously. Using if-else statement is always preferable since
    it always invokes an otherwise case with every if condition. The syntax of the if-else
    statement is given below.

    1. if(expression){
    2. //code to be executed if condition is true
    3. }else{
    4. //code to be executed if condition is false
    5. }

    Flowchart of the if-else statement in C


    Let's see the simple example to check whether a number is even or odd using if-else
    statement in C language.

    1. #include<stdio.h>
    2. int main(){
    3. int number=0;
    4. printf("enter a number:");
    5. scanf("%d",&number);
    6. if(number%2==0){
    7. printf("%d is even number",number);
    8. }
    9. else{
    10. printf("%d is odd number",number);
    11. }
    12. return 0;
    13. }

    Outputenter a number:4
    4 is even number
    enter a number:5
    5 is odd number

    Program to check whether a person is eligible to vote or not.

    1. #include <stdio.h>
    2. int main()
    3. {
    4. int age;
    5. printf("Enter your age?");
    6. scanf("%d",&age);
    7. if(age>=18)
    8. {
    9. printf("You are eligible to vote...");
    10. }
    11. else
    12. {
    13. printf("Sorry ... you can't vote");
    14. }
    15. }

    Output
    Enter your age?18
    You are eligible to vote...
    Enter your age?13
    Sorry ... you can't vote

    If else-if ladder Statement


    The if-else-if ladder statement is an extension to the if-else statement. It is used in the
    scenario where there are multiple cases to be performed for different conditions. In if-
    else-if ladder statement, if a condition is true then the statements defined in the if
    block will be executed, otherwise if some other condition is true then the statements
    defined in the else-if block will be executed, at the last if none of the condition is true
    then the statements defined in the else block will be executed. There are multiple else-
    if blocks possible. It is similar to the switch case statement where the default is
    executed instead of else block if none of the cases is matched.

    1. if(condition1){
    2. //code to be executed if condition1 is true
    3. }else if(condition2){
    4. //code to be executed if condition2 is true
    5. }
    6. else if(condition3){
    7. //code to be executed if condition3 is true
    8. }
    9. ...
    10. else{
    11. //code to be executed if all the conditions are false
    12. }
    Flowchart of else-if ladder statement in C

    The example of an if-else-if statement in C language is given below.

    1. #include<stdio.h>
    2. int main(){
    3. int number=0;
    4. printf("enter a number:");
    5. scanf("%d",&number);
    6. if(number==10){
    7. printf("number is equals to 10");
    8. }
    9. else if(number==50){
    10. printf("number is equal to 50");
    11. }
    12. else if(number==100){
    13. printf("number is equal to 100");
    14. }
    15. else{
    16. printf("number is not equal to 10, 50 or 100");
    17. }
    18. return 0;
    19. }

    Output

    enter a number:4
    number is not equal to 10, 50 or 100
    enter a number:50
    number is equal to 50

    Program to calculate the grade of the student according to


    the specified marks.

    1. #include <stdio.h>
    2. int main()
    3. {
    4. int marks;
    5. printf("Enter your marks?");
    6. scanf("%d",&marks);
    7. if(marks > 85 && marks <= 100)
    8. {
    9. printf("Congrats ! you scored grade A ...");
    10. }
    11. else if (marks > 60 && marks <= 85)
    12. {
    13. printf("You scored grade B + ...");
    14. }
    15. else if (marks > 40 && marks <= 60)
    16. {
    17. printf("You scored grade B ...");
    18. }
    19. else if (marks > 30 && marks <= 40)
    20. {
    21. printf("You scored grade C ...");
    22. }
    23. else
    24. {
    25. printf("Sorry you are fail ...");
    26. }
    27. }

    Output

    Enter your marks?10


    Sorry you are fail ...
    Enter your marks?40
    You scored grade C ...
    Enter your marks?90
    Congrats ! you scored grade A ...

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