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    Chapter Ten

    Uploaded by

    Elisha Mwendwa

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Chapter Ten

    Uploaded by

    Elisha Mwendwa
    3 views9 pages

    Original Title

    CHAPTER TEN

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    3 views9 pages

    Chapter Ten

    Uploaded by

    Elisha Mwendwa

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    C if else Statement

    The if-else statement in C is used to perform the operations based on some specific
    condition. The operations specified in if block are executed if and only if the given
    condition is true.

    There are the following variants of if statement in C language.

    o If statement
    o If-else statement
    o If else-if ladder
    o Nested if

    If Statement
    The if statement is used to check some given condition and perform some operations
    depending upon the correctness of that condition. It is mostly used in the scenario where
    we need to perform the different operations for the different conditions. The syntax of
    the if statement is given below.

    1. if(expression){
    2. //code to be executed
    3. }

    Flowchart of if statement in C
    Let's see a simple example of C language if statement.

    1. #include<stdio.h>
    2. int main(){
    3. int number=0;
    4. printf("Enter a number:");
    5. scanf("%d",&number);
    6. if(number%2==0){
    7. printf("%d is even number",number);
    8. }
    9. return 0;
    10. }

    Output

    Enter a number:4
    4 is even number
    enter a number:5

    Program to find the largest number of the three.

    1. #include <stdio.h>
    2. int main()
    3. {
    4. int a, b, c;
    5. printf("Enter three numbers?");
    6. scanf("%d %d %d",&a,&b,&c);
    7. if(a>b && a>c)
    8. {
    9. printf("%d is largest",a);
    10. }
    11. if(b>a && b > c)
    12. {
    13. printf("%d is largest",b);
    14. }
    15. if(c>a && c>b)
    16. {
    17. printf("%d is largest",c);
    18. }
    19. if(a == b && a == c)
    20. {
    21. printf("All are equal");
    22. }
    23. }

    Output

    Enter three numbers?


    12 23 34
    34 is largest

    If-else Statement
    The if-else statement is used to perform two operations for a single condition. The if-else
    statement is an extension to the if statement using which, we can perform two different
    operations, i.e., one is for the correctness of that condition, and the other is for the
    incorrectness of the condition. Here, we must notice that if and else block cannot be
    executed simiulteneously. Using if-else statement is always preferable since it always
    invokes an otherwise case with every if condition. The syntax of the if-else statement is
    given below.

    1. if(expression){
    2. //code to be executed if condition is true
    3. }else{
    4. //code to be executed if condition is false
    5. }
    Flowchart of the if-else statement in C

    Let's see the simple example to check whether a number is even or odd using if-else
    statement in C language.

    1. #include<stdio.h>
    2. int main(){
    3. int number=0;
    4. printf("enter a number:");
    5. scanf("%d",&number);
    6. if(number%2==0){
    7. printf("%d is even number",number);
    8. }
    9. else{
    10. printf("%d is odd number",number);
    11. }
    12. return 0;
    13. }

    Output

    enter a number:4
    4 is even number
    enter a number:5
    5 is odd number

    Program to check whether a person is eligible to vote or not.

    1. #include <stdio.h>
    2. int main()
    3. {
    4. int age;
    5. printf("Enter your age?");
    6. scanf("%d",&age);
    7. if(age>=18)
    8. {
    9. printf("You are eligible to vote...");
    10. }
    11. else
    12. {
    13. printf("Sorry ... you can't vote");
    14. }
    15. }

    Output

    Enter your age?18


    You are eligible to vote...
    Enter your age?13
    Sorry ... you can't vote
    If else-if ladder Statement
    The if-else-if ladder statement is an extension to the if-else statement. It is used in the
    scenario where there are multiple cases to be performed for different conditions. In if-
    else-if ladder statement, if a condition is true then the statements defined in the if block
    will be executed, otherwise if some other condition is true then the statements defined in
    the else-if block will be executed, at the last if none of the condition is true then the
    statements defined in the else block will be executed. There are multiple else-if blocks
    possible. It is similar to the switch case statement where the default is executed instead
    of else block if none of the cases is matched.

    1. if(condition1){
    2. //code to be executed if condition1 is true
    3. }else if(condition2){
    4. //code to be executed if condition2 is true
    5. }
    6. else if(condition3){
    7. //code to be executed if condition3 is true
    8. }
    9. ...
    10. else{
    11. //code to be executed if all the conditions are false
    12. }
    Flowchart of else-if ladder statement in C

    The example of an if-else-if statement in C language is given below.

    1. #include<stdio.h>
    2. int main(){
    3. int number=0;
    4. printf("enter a number:");
    5. scanf("%d",&number);
    6. if(number==10){
    7. printf("number is equals to 10");
    8. }
    9. else if(number==50){
    10. printf("number is equal to 50");
    11. }
    12. else if(number==100){
    13. printf("number is equal to 100");
    14. }
    15. else{
    16. printf("number is not equal to 10, 50 or 100");
    17. }
    18. return 0;
    19. }

    Output

    enter a number:4
    number is not equal to 10, 50 or 100
    enter a number:50
    number is equal to 50

    Program to calculate the grade of the student according to the


    specified marks.

    1. #include <stdio.h>
    2. int main()
    3. {
    4. int marks;
    5. printf("Enter your marks?");
    6. scanf("%d",&marks);
    7. if(marks > 85 && marks <= 100)
    8. {
    9. printf("Congrats ! you scored grade A ...");
    10. }
    11. else if (marks > 60 && marks <= 85)
    12. {
    13. printf("You scored grade B + ...");
    14. }
    15. else if (marks > 40 && marks <= 60)
    16. {
    17. printf("You scored grade B ...");
    18. }
    19. else if (marks > 30 && marks <= 40)
    20. {
    21. printf("You scored grade C ...");
    22. }
    23. else
    24. {
    25. printf("Sorry you are fail ...");
    26. }
    27. }

    Output

    Enter your marks?10


    Sorry you are fail ...
    Enter your marks?40
    You scored grade C ...
    Enter your marks?90
    Congrats ! you scored grade A ...

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