Solutions) Mastering Physics HW11
Solutions) Mastering Physics HW11
Solutions) Mastering Physics HW11
In Parts A-F of "Electric Force and Potential: Spherical Symmetry", the point charge is positive and the zero of potential is understood to be an infinite distance from the point charge. GBA
Part A Due to symmetry, the electric field of a point charge at the origin must point _____ from the origin. Answer in one word. ANSWER: away Correct
Part B Find , the magnitude of the electric field at distance from the point charge .
Part C Find , the electric potential at distance from the point charge .
Part D Which of the following is the correct relationship between the magnitude of a radial electric field electric potential and its associated
? More than one answer may be correct for the particular case of a point charge at the origin, but you
Correct
Now consider the figure, which shows several functions of the variable .
Part E Which curve could indicate the magnitude of the electric field due to a charge Hint E.1 How to approach the problem Hint not displayed located at the origin ( )?
ANSWER:
A B C D E F Correct
Part F Which curve could indicate the electric potential due to a positive charge Hint F.1 How to approach the problem Hint not displayed ANSWER: A B C D E F Correct located at the origin ( )?
Part G Which curve could indicate the electric potential due to a negative charge ANSWER: A B C D E F Correct located at the origin ( )?
Part H For either a positive or a negative charge, the electric field points from regions of ______ electric potential. ANSWER: higher to lower lower to higher Correct
HINT: In both of these ranking tasks, at least two of the six items should be ranked equally. You do this by putting those two items in the same column in the ranking box. GBA
Part A Rank the locations A to F on the basis of the electric potential at each point. Rank positive electric potentials as larger than negative electric potentials. Hint A.1 Definition of electric potential Hint not displayed Hint A.2 Conceptualizing electric potential Hint not displayed Rank the locations from largest to smallest potential. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them. ANSWER:
View Correct
Part A Using the diagram to the left, rank each of the given paths on the basis of the change in electric potential. Rank the largestmagnitude positive change (increase in electric potential) as largest and the largest-magnitude negative change (decrease in electric potential) as smallest. Hint A.1 Change in electric potential Hint not displayed Hint A.2 Determine the algebraic sign of the change in potential Hint not displayed Hint A.3 Conceptualizing changes in electric potential Hint not displayed Rank from largest to smallest. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them. ANSWER: View Correct
Think carefully about the sign of your answer for Part (c) of Problem 23.66. Make sure that you understand the physical reason for this sign. GBA
Problem 23.66
A charge positive x-axis at Part A Calculate the potential at the point charges. ANSWER: -300 V Correct , due to the first two charges. Let the potential be zero far from the is placed at the origin of an xy-coordinate system, and a charge . A third charge is now placed at the point , is placed on the .
Part B Calculate the potential at the point ANSWER: 419 V Correct , due to the first two charges.
Part C If the third charge moves from the point done on it by the field of the first two charges. ANSWER: 4.3110 6 J Correct , to the point , , calculate the work
NOTE: In "Potential of a Charged Ring", "Potential of a Charged Annulus", and "Potential of a Finite Rod", you MAY type your answers in terms of k. Do not believe any MP error responses that read "The correct answer does not depend on the variable: k". Due to a bug in these three problems, MP sometimes gives this response when the error is something else entirely. If you get this response, you should regard it as "Try Again". GBA
Part A What is the potential Hint A.1 due to the ring on the z axis as a function of ?
The formula for the electric potential produced by a static charge distribution involves the amount of charge and the distance from the charge to the position where the potential is measured. All points on the ring are equidistant from a given point on the z axis. This enables you to calculate the electric potential simply, without doing an integral. Hint A.2 The potential due to a point charge is
If you incorporate the symmetry of the problem, you will need only to know the formula for potential of a point charge: , where is the potential at distance from the point charge, is the magnitude of the charge, and the permittivity of free space. Express your answer in terms of , , , and or .
ANSWER: = Correct
Part B What is the magnitude of the electric field Hint B.1 on the z axis as a function of , for ?
By symmetry, the electric field has only one Cartesian component. In what direction does the electric field point? ANSWER:
Correct
Hint B.2
The relationship between electric field and potential Hint not displayed
, ,
, and
or
ANSWER: | |= Correct Notice that while the potential is a strictly decreasing function of , the electric field first increases till starts to decrease. Why does the electric field exhibit such a behavior? Though the contribution to the electric field from each point on the ring strictly decreases as a function of , the vector cancellation from points on opposite sides of the ring becomes very strong for small . these vector cancellations. On the other hand , even though all the individual on account of 's point in (almost) the as . and then
same direction there, because the contribution to the electric field, per unit length of the ring
For the "Potential of a Charged Annulus", I do not recommend following the MP hints. From our work with electric field integration, you should know how to write an integral over an annulus; and in this case the integral is simpler to write since potential is a scalar rather than a vector. GBA
Part A If you can find symmetries in a physical situation, you can often greatly simplify your calculations. In this part you will find a symmetry in the annular ring before calculating the potential along the axis through the ring's center in Part B. Consider three sets of points: points lying on the vertical line A; those on circle B; and those on the horizontal line C, as shown in the figure. Which set of points makes the same contribution toward the potential calculated at any point along the axis of the annulus?
Hint A.1
ANSWER:
Part B By exploiting the above symmetry, or otherwise, calculate the electric potential distance Hint B.1 from its center. How to exploit the angular symmetry of the problem at a point on the axis of the annulus can be written as , at a point on the axis of the annulus a
where
is the distance from a point on the annulus to the point at which the potential is to be determined. However, on
account of the angular symmetry of this problem, it is more convenient to write this integral in terms of polar coordinates: .
is easy and should be done first, since the integrand has no dependence on . This will put the integral
is the area of a thin annular slice of thickness Find the area of an annular slice , the area of a thin annular slice of thickness and .
and radius .
and radius ?
= Correct
Hint B.3
Hint B.4
, and
. Use
ANSWER: = Correct
It is interestering to note that the potential at any point on the axis of a disk of radius
and
Conversely, the annulus can be thought of as the superposition of two disks, one with charge density and the other with charge density and radius . In the region from the center to
and radius
cancel out, so the net charge distribution would be just like that of the annulus. Moreover, by adding the potentials due to these two disks, using the formula above, you would recover the potential of the annulus. It is also instructive to look at the general behavior of these potentials as a function of the parameters. Clearly, the potential increases with increasing charge densities, as well as with increasing areas (if the charge density is held constant), which intuitively seems reasonable. However, if the distance increases, it is not clear whether the potential should grow, since appears in both terms, of which one is subtracted from the other. If you are far from the disk, the
disk looks like a point, and the potential should drop off, just like the potential due to a point charge. Indeed, on account of the negative second term in the expressions, this is the case. Try some values or check that the derivative of is indeed negative. You can also check that the above expression actually reduces to the potential due to a point charge for .
zero at an infinite distance away from the rod. Throughout this problem, you may use the constant .
Part A What is , the electric potential at point A (see the figure), above the midpoint of the rod on the y axis?
located a distance
Hint A.1
Hint A.2
Find the electric potential of a section of the rod Hint not displayed
Hint A.3
, , and .
If
For
. For this problem, this means that the logarithm can be further approximated as , and the expression for potential reduces to . This is what we expect, because it means
that from far away, the potential due to the charged rod looks like that due to a point charge.
Part B What is , the electric potential at point , located at distance from one end of the rod (on the x axis)?
Hint B.1
Hint B.2
Find the distance from point B to a segment of the rod Hint not displayed
, and .
As before, for to
. Thus, for
. This is what we expect, because it means that from far away, the potential due to the charged rod looks like that
Score Summary:
Your score on this assignment is 98.3%. You received 49.17 out of a possible total of 50 points.