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    30 Jan Coordination

    Uploaded by

    Akshat Sharma

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    30 Jan Coordination

    Uploaded by

    Akshat Sharma
    5 views16 pages

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    30 jan coordination

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    5 views16 pages

    30 Jan Coordination

    Uploaded by

    Akshat Sharma

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    COORDINATION

    COMPOUNDS
    INTRODUCTION
    Types of salt :-

    (1) Simple salt :-


    Those compounds which contain only one type of cation and
    only one type of anion is called simple salt.
    E.g. : In NaCl :- Na1+ one cation and Cl1- one anion
    Like more example KCN , RbCl etc.

    • These salts are completely ionize in aqueous solution and


    give the test of all its constituent ions in aqueous solution.

    (2) Addition salt :-


    INTRODUCTION
    (2) Double salt :-
    • Those addition salt which is dissolved in water it give
    the test of all its constituents ions.
    • Complete ionization is possible for these type of salt.

    • E.g.(1)

    KCl (aq) + MgCl2 (aq) Crystallization KCl.MgCl2.6H2O (Carnallite)


    H2
    O
    K+,Cl–,Mg+2 ,Cl–
    AgNO3

    AgCl (white ppt.)


    INTRODUCTION
    • E.g.(2)

    FeSO4(aq) + (NH4)2SO4(aq) Crystallization FeSO4.(NH4)2 SO4.6H2O (Mohr's salt)

    BaCl2

    BaSO4 (White ppt.)

    • E.g.(3)

    K2SO4(aq) + Al2(SO4)3(aq) 


    Crystallization
     K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O
    (Potash Alum)
    INTRODUCTION
    • General formula of ALUM :- M' – Monovalent cation
    M'2SO4 .M''2 (SO4 )3 .24H2O
    M''– Trivalent cation

    • All Alums are double salts.


    • Aq solution of Alum is Acidic in nature.

    Li can not form due to small size and absence of vacant d orbital
    COORDINATION OR COMPLEX COMPOUNDS
    These compounds do not completely dissociate into
    constituent ion in aqueous solution, means they do not give
    the test of all their constituents ions.
    E.g.(1)

    4KCN (aq) + Fe(CN)2 (aq) Crystallization 4KCN.Fe(CN)2

    K4[Fe(CN)6] 4K+ + [Fe(CN)6]4–


    (Potassium ferro cyanide)
    REPRESENTATION OF COMPLEX ION

    (Counter ion)
    TYPE OF COMPLEX
    Complex can be classified on the Basis of

    (a) On the Basis of Type of ligands :

    (i) Homoleptic Complex : The Complex having One type of


    ligand For Ex. K4[Fe(CN)6]
    (ii) Heteroleptic Complex : The Complex having different
    types of ligand For Ex. [Fe(CN)3 (NH3)3]
    TYPE OF COMPLEX
    (b) On the Basis of Stability :

    (i) Perfect Complex : The Complex which do not dissociate in


    its constituent ion.
    For Ex. K4[Fe(CN)6].

    (ii) Imperfect Complex : The Complex which gives the test of


    their parent ions
    For Ex. K2 [Cd(CN)4] 
    H2 S
     CdS () (yellow ppt )
    EXAMPLE OF COMPLEX COMPOUND
    E.g. [Co(H2O)6]+2
    LIGANDS
    • Those species which can donate electron pair (lone pair) in
    the vacant orbital of central metal atom (CMA) through
    sigma coordinate bond is called ligands.
    CLASSIFICATION OF LIGANDS
    (1) On the basis of charge :

    (a) Negatively charged ligands (-ve) :-

    For these type of ligands we use suffix:- ate – ato 


    ide – ido / O 
    ite – ito 
     
    E.g.

    F– flouro/flourido OH– hydroxido/hydroxo


    Cl– chloro/chlorido H– hydrido
    Br– bromo/bromido O2– oxido
    I— iodido O22– peroxido
    CLASSIFICATION OF LIGANDS
    O2– Superoxido
    SCN– thio cyanato
    N3 – Azido
    NCS– Iso thio cyanato/thio
    N3– Nitrido
    cyanato-N
    NH2 –
    Amido NO2– Nitrito/nitro
    NH2– Imido ONO – Nitrito-O
    CN– Cyanido
    CH3CO Acetato
    NC– isocyanido O–
    OCN Cyanato NCO–1
    – iso cyanato /cyanato-N
    CLASSIFICATION OF LIGANDS
    (b) Positively charged ligand (+ve) :-

    For these type of ligands we use suffix – ium

    E.g. NO1+ nitrosonium/nitrosylium


    NO21+ nitronium
    N2H51+ hydrazinium
    O21+ oxygenium
    NH4+ ammonium (doesn’t act as ligand)
    CLASSIFICATION OF LIGANDS
    (c) Neutral ligands :-
    (No suffix is used)

    E.g. NH3 ammine


    H2O aqua
    CO carbonyl
    CS thio carbonyl
    NO nitrosyl
    Pph3 tri phenyl phosphene
    PH3 phosphene
    N2H4 hydrazine (Monodentate)

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