MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Teacher Education

School: MMSU LHS-Batac Campus Grade / Section: Grade 7

Teacher: Lenny Joyce Chinah A. Gapuzan Subject: Mathematics
Jenny Rose P. Jose Quarter: 4th Quarter
Date & Time: April 01, 2024, 7:30 AM
April 01, 2024, 9:30 AM

A Daily Lesson Plan in Addition and Subtraction of Polynomials

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standards: The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of
algebraic expressions, the properties of real numbers as applied in linear equations, and
inequalities in one variable.
B. Performance Standards: The learner is able to is able to model situations using oral,
written, graphical, and algebraic methods in solving problems involving algebraic
expressions, linear equations, and inequalities in one variable.
C. Learning Competencies: The learner adds and subtracts polynomials.
D. Learning Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
1. identify like/similar terms;
2. add polynomials by combining like/similar terms;
3. identify the parts of subtraction sentence; and
4. subtract polynomials by combining like terms.
E. Level of Performance: At least 80% of the students be able to perform the above
competency with 75% level of proficiency.

II. CONTENT
A. Topic: Addition of Polynomials
B. Prerequisite: Terms in Algebra, Adding and Subtracting Integers, Parts of Subtraction
sentence
C. Methodology: Inductive Method
D. Materials: TV, Laptop (Powerpoint), Blackboard and Chalk
E. Values: Attentiveness, Cooperation, Speed, and Accuracy

III. LEARNING RESOURCES

A. References:
1. Learner’s Material:
Nivera, G. (2018). Grade 7 Mathematics: Patterns and Practicalities. Don
Bosco Press. pp. 212-219
2. Textbook:
Ondap Jr., A., Rosete V. (2020). Operations Involving Polynomials.
Department of Education- Region XII.
B. Other Learning Resources:
https://youtu.be/4E9gPpBWfxk?si=diO58AgCyTD8UnFO
https://youtu.be/kwDdMMFrGoU?si=h0FTakYYoo7MrPCU

Castro Ave., Laoag City, 2900 Ilocos Norte, Philippines

 cte@mmsu.edu.ph  (077) 600-2014
www.mmsu.edu.ph
 MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education

IV. PROCEDURE

DAILY ROUTINE
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
Good morning, class!
Good morning, teachers!
I’m Lenny Joyce Chinah Gapuzan and here with
me is Jenny Rose P. Jose. You can refer us as
Teacher/Ma’am Chinah and Teacher/Ma’am
Jenny, respectively.

We will be staying here until May 17, and we

anticipate that we’ll continue teaching until then.
I hope we will get along. Alright, before we begin
our activity, let’s take attendance first. As I call
your name please respond with ‘present.’
Present, ma’am!
Nice meeting you all, Grade 7!
Nice meeting you too, teachers!

Reiterating the class rules to the students.

INTRODUCTORY ACTIVITY
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
Warm-Up Activity
Title: Pass the Ball
The activity will test their knowledge in adding
integers.
Mechanics:
i. The teacher will play a music and as the
music goes, the students will pass the ball to
their seatmate.

Castro Ave., Laoag City, 2900 Ilocos Norte, Philippines

 cte@mmsu.edu.ph  (077) 600-2014
www.mmsu.edu.ph
 MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education

ii. Once the music stops, the student holding the

ball will pick a piece of paper from the box
(containing problems involving adding
integers) and will be tasked to answer it.
(insert the items)

To sum up the warm-up activity, do you know the

integers song?
Not yet, ma’am.
Lyrics:
Same sign and keep.
Different signs subtract.
Take the sign of the bigger number then you’ll be
exact.

So, what are the rules in adding integers?

Rules for Adding Integers

o If the integers have the same sign, copy
the sign then add the numbers.
Examples:
5+2=7
-3 + (-5) = -8
o If the integers have different signs,
subtract the numbers then copy the sign
of the larger number.
Examples:
-7 + 4 = -3
8 + (-8) = 0
LESSON PROPER
Our topic for today is all about the addition of
polynomials.

Do you have any idea on how to add and subtract

polynomials? No, ma’am.

Okay, in adding polynomials we have to combine

similar terms. When we say similar terms, they
are the terms that have the same variable raised to
the same power.

Like for example: 3𝑥 2 and −5𝑥 2 , 2𝑏𝑐 and 9𝑏𝑐,

4𝑥𝑦 3 𝑧 2 and −0.5𝑥𝑦 3 𝑧 2 and many more.

Castro Ave., Laoag City, 2900 Ilocos Norte, Philippines

 cte@mmsu.edu.ph  (077) 600-2014
www.mmsu.edu.ph
 MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education

Always keep in mind that similar terms are those

with the same literal coefficients.

Look at these examples.

Identify whether the following are similar terms
or not.
1. 4𝑎4 and 7𝑎4
They are similar because they have the same
literal coefficients.

2. 4𝑥 and 2𝑥 2
Not similar because they don’t have the same
literal coefficient. In this case, 𝑥 and 𝑥 2 are
distinct variables, so the terms are not like terms
or similar terms.

3. 3𝑛3 and 3𝑚3

4. −10𝑥𝑦 2 and −10𝑥 2 𝑦
5. 7𝑥𝑦𝑧 2 and 14𝑥𝑦𝑧 2 3. Not
4. Not
5. Similar term

Yes, very good!

Again, similar terms must have the same literal

part (same variables raised to the same powers).
If they don't, they are called ‘dissimilar terms.’

Is this concept clear to everyone?

Yes, ma’am.

Let’s try!
I want you to identify the like/similar terms in
each expression.
1. 2𝑥 − 5 + 8𝑥
The similar terms are 2𝑥 and 8𝑥.

2. 3𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 − 8𝑥 + 7𝑥 3
3. 5𝑥 2 − 6 + 8𝑥 − 3𝑥 2 + 2
4. 𝑥 + 5𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 1 + 6
5. −9𝑥𝑦 3 − 5𝑥 2 𝑦 + 4𝑥𝑦 2 + 4𝑥 2 𝑦
2. 3𝑥 3 and 7𝑥 3 , 4𝑥 and −8𝑥
3. 5𝑥 2 and −3𝑥 2 , −6 and 2
4. 𝑥, 5𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 2𝑥, 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 6
5. −5𝑥 2 𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 4𝑥 2 𝑦

Castro Ave., Laoag City, 2900 Ilocos Norte, Philippines

 cte@mmsu.edu.ph  (077) 600-2014
www.mmsu.edu.ph
 MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education

Ma’am, in no. 5, why 4𝑥 2 𝑦, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 4𝑥𝑥𝑦 2 are

not similar?

Try to look at −5𝑥 2 𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 4𝑥𝑦 2. Are they

similar? They are dissimilar because the exponent
of −5𝑥 2 𝑦 is in the x and the other one is in the y.
Therefore, the similar terms are −5𝑥 2 𝑦 and
4𝑥 2 𝑦. Understood?
Understood, ma’am.

Great!

So, why do we need to know and identify the

similar terms? Because when we are adding
polynomials, we only add or subtract the similar
terms, and we cannot add dissimilar terms.

In adding polynomials by combining like terms,

you may use this acronym as your guide.

This is the easiest way for you not to forget how

to add given polynomials.

So, we are going to use:

C – Combine similar terms.

A – Add the numerical coefficients.
C – Copy the literal coefficients.

For your additional information, in adding

polynomials, we can use two methods. These are
the horizontal method and vertical method.

What do we mean by horizontal, anyone?

Horizontal line, ma’am.

Yes, but in adding polynomials, what to do? We

add horizontally.

How about vertical?

Downward, ma’am.

Yes, meaning to say, we add polynomials

vertically.
Castro Ave., Laoag City, 2900 Ilocos Norte, Philippines
 cte@mmsu.edu.ph  (077) 600-2014
www.mmsu.edu.ph
 MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education

Adding polynomials vertically is we ensure that

the similar terms are aligned by writing down the
polynomials one below the other.

Let us have an example.

Example 1:
(2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2) + (−3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 2)

Horizontal method:
2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2 − 3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 2
2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 2 − 2
−𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 0
−𝒙𝟐 − 𝟖𝒙

Vertical method:
2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2
+ −3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 2
−𝒙𝟐 − 𝟖𝒙

Example 2: 6𝑥 + 3𝑥 + (−4𝑥 )

Horizontal method:

(6 + 3 + −4)𝑥 = 𝟓𝒙

In adding polynomials, you can use the method

that is easier for you. If horizontal method is
easier, then use the horizontal. If vertical method
is easier, then use it the vertical method.

Which method do you think is easier?

Vertical method, ma’am.
So, let us use vertical method for our next
example.

Example 3:
(5𝑎 + 4𝑏 + 2𝑐 2 ) + (5𝑎 − 3𝑏 − 3𝑐 2 )

Vertical method:
5𝑎 + 4𝑏 + 2𝑐 2
+ 5𝑎 − 3𝑏 − 3𝑐 2
𝟏𝟎𝒂 + 𝒃 − 𝒄𝟐

Castro Ave., Laoag City, 2900 Ilocos Norte, Philippines

 cte@mmsu.edu.ph  (077) 600-2014
www.mmsu.edu.ph
 MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education

Example 4:
(−3𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 6) + (−9𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 3)

−3𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 6
+ −9𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 3
−𝟏𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑

Example 5:
3𝑎2 + 5𝑎2 − 15𝑎2 − 2𝑎2
= (3 + 5 − 15 − 2)𝑎2
= −𝟗𝒂𝟐

Example 6:
9𝑥 3 − 8𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 10
3𝑥 3 − 12𝑥 − 15
+ 2
−2𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 8
𝟏𝟐𝒙𝟑 − 𝟏𝟎𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟑

Are you with me so far?

Yes, ma’am.

Now, who wants to try these on the board?

Ma’am!
Example 7:
−5𝑥 3 − 15𝑥 + 2
2 −5𝑥 3 − 15𝑥 + 2
8𝑥 + 7𝑥 − 4 2
+ 8𝑥 + 7𝑥 − 4
−𝟓𝒙 + 𝟖𝒙𝟐 − 𝟖𝒙 − 𝟐
𝟑

Example 8:

5𝑠𝑡 4 + 3𝑠 4 𝑡 − 14𝑠𝑡 + 12
2𝑠𝑡 4 + 5𝑠𝑡
+ 4𝑠𝑡 4 − 5𝑠 4 𝑡 − 2𝑠𝑡 + 3
5𝑠𝑡 4 + 3𝑠 4 𝑡 − 14𝑠𝑡 + 12
2𝑠𝑡 4 + 5𝑠𝑡
+ 4𝑠𝑡 4 − 5𝑠 4 𝑡 − 2𝑠𝑡 + 3
𝟏𝟏𝒔𝒕𝟒 − 𝟐𝒔𝟒 𝒕 − 𝟏𝟏𝒔𝒕 + 𝟏𝟓

Very good!

Castro Ave., Laoag City, 2900 Ilocos Norte, Philippines

 cte@mmsu.edu.ph  (077) 600-2014
www.mmsu.edu.ph
 MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education

Thank you, dear students!

Do you have any questions regarding adding

polynomials?
None, Ma’am.

That’s good to hear. Now, let’s move one to

subtraction of polynomials.

Before that let identify the parts of subtraction

sentence.

Parts of Subtraction Sentence

minuend difference

7 - 5 = 2
subtrahend
Minuend is the number being subtracted from.
Subtrahend is the number subtracting from the
minuend.
Difference is the answer to a subtraction
problem.

In subtracting polynomials, we are just going

back to the process of adding polynomials.

The process of subtracting polynomials is similar

to adding polynomials but in subtracting, it has an
additional step.

An additional step is that before we add or

subtract the polynomials, we need to change the
signs of all terms in the second polynomial
(negate each term).

In subtracting polynomials by combining similar

terms, you can use this acronym as your guide.

C – Change the sign of the subtrahend.

C – Combine similar terms.
A – Add the numerical coefficient.
C – Copy the literal coefficient.

Castro Ave., Laoag City, 2900 Ilocos Norte, Philippines

 cte@mmsu.edu.ph  (077) 600-2014
www.mmsu.edu.ph
 MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education

You have to remember this acronym or steps in

order for you to easily perform the subtraction of
polynomials. Is that clear? Yes, ma’am.

So, let us have our first example.

1. (2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2) − (3𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 2)

Take note:
Before you change the sign of your subtrahend,
make sure that the operation is ‘minus’. If the
operation is ‘plus’, then you don’t need to change
the sign of your subtrahend.

Are we clear?

So, let us proceed. Going back to our first

example.

(2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2) − (3𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 2)
2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2 − 3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 2

So now, we are going back to the process of

adding polynomials.

2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2 − 3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 2
2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 2 − 2
−𝒙𝟐 − 𝟖𝒙

So that is the answer. But just like in addition, we

can also perform subtraction of polynomials
using the vertical method.

But before you write down the subtrahend, make

sure you have changed the signs of your
subtrahend.

So, we have
2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2
(−) (−) (−)
+ +3𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 2
−𝒙𝟐 − 𝟖𝒙

Which method do you want to use?

Vertical method, ma’am.
Castro Ave., Laoag City, 2900 Ilocos Norte, Philippines
 cte@mmsu.edu.ph  (077) 600-2014
www.mmsu.edu.ph
 MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education

Okay, so the following examples we are going to

use the vertical method.

2. (−3𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 6) − (9𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 3)

−3𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 6
2
+ −9𝑥 𝟐+ 12𝑥 − 3
−𝟏𝟐𝒙 + 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑

3. (−5𝑥 3 − 15𝑥 + 2) − (−8𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 4)

−5𝑥 3 − 15𝑥 + 2
2
+ 8𝑥 + 7𝑥 − 4
𝟑 𝟐
−𝟓𝒙 + 𝟖𝒙 − 𝟖𝒙 − 𝟐

For no. 4 and 5, who wants to try these on the

board?

4. 2(4𝑥 + 6) − (−3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 2)

4.
8𝑥 + 12
2
3𝑥 + 6𝑥 + 2
𝟑𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟒𝒙 + 𝟏𝟒

5. (5𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3𝑧) − (3𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 2𝑧)

5.
5𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3𝑧
+ −3𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 2𝑧
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟓𝒚 − 𝟓𝒛

Now, in your notebook, try to do the following.

1. (3𝑚3 + 2𝑛 − 5) − (3𝑚2 − 4𝑛 − 10)
2. (9𝑎2 − 4𝑎 − 12) − (−2𝑎2 + 5𝑎 − 6)

Can you do it in 15 minutes?

Yes, ma’am.
Great! You may now start.

Are you done?

Yes, ma’am.
Let us check.

Who wants to write the answer on the board?

Castro Ave., Laoag City, 2900 Ilocos Norte, Philippines

 cte@mmsu.edu.ph  (077) 600-2014
www.mmsu.edu.ph
 MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education

We’ll try, ma’am.

1. (3𝑚3 + 2𝑛 − 5) − (3𝑚2 − 4𝑛 − 10)
3𝑚3 + 2𝑛 − 5 − 3𝑚2 + 4𝑛 + 10
3𝑚3 − 3𝑚2 + 2𝑛 + 4𝑛 − 5 + 10
𝟑𝒎𝟑 − 𝟑𝒎𝟐 + 𝟔𝒏 + 𝟓

2. (9𝑎2 − 4𝑎 − 12) − (−2𝑎2 + 5𝑎 − 6)

9𝑎2 − 4𝑎 − 12
2𝑎2 − 5𝑎 + 6
+ 𝟏𝟏𝒂𝟐 − 𝟗𝒂 − 𝟔

Next, let us have the following.

1. −2𝑏 + 3𝑐 − 9 less 𝑏 − 2𝑐 + 5

On this example, we used the key word ‘less’. If

we translate it in math symbol, does the position
change or not?

No, ma’am.
Very good!

(−2𝑏 + 3𝑐 − 9) − (𝑏 − 2𝑐 + 5)

−2𝑏 + 3𝑐 − 9
−𝑏 + 2𝑐 − 5
+
−𝟑𝒃 + 𝟓𝒄 − 𝟏𝟒

2. 10𝑥 3 − 5𝑦 2 less than −𝑥 3 − 4𝑦 2

How about this one? We used the key word ‘less

than’. If we translate it, the position will change
or not?

Position will change, ma’am.

Why do you say so?

Because we used the key word ‘less than’,

ma’am.
Exactly! So, the solution will look like this.
−𝑥 3 − 4𝑦 2
−10𝑥 3 + 5𝑦 2
−𝟏𝟏𝒙𝟑 + 𝒚𝟐

Castro Ave., Laoag City, 2900 Ilocos Norte, Philippines

 cte@mmsu.edu.ph  (077) 600-2014
www.mmsu.edu.ph
 MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education

How about clarifications, are there any?

Great! None, ma’am.

EVALUATION
I. Read each question carefully and select the correct answer. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following statement best defines similar terms?
a. Terms that have different variables raised to different powers.
b. Terms that have different variables raised to the same powers.
c. Terms that have the same variables raised to the same powers.
d. Terms that have the same variables but raised to different powers.

2. Which of these are like terms in the expression, 3𝑥 + 7 − 9𝑥 + 24𝑦 + 2𝑥 2 ?

a. 3𝑥 and 7
b. 3𝑥 and 9𝑥
c. 3𝑥 and −9𝑥
d. 3𝑥 and 2𝑥 2

3. Which of the lists below does NOT contains like terms?

1
a. 2𝑥, −3𝑥 2 , −𝑥𝑦, 𝑥
b. −𝑥, 3𝑥, 4
1
c. −𝑥, 𝑥, 4𝑥, 0.2, (4) 𝑥
d. 𝑥, −3, 99𝑥, 9

4. Simplify by combining like terms: 4𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 11 − 2𝑥.

a. 9𝑥 2 + 11
b. 4𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 11
c. 4𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 11
d. 4𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 11

5. Which of the terms below is a like term to −6𝑥𝑦?

a. −𝑥
b. −4𝑥𝑦
c. −2𝑥𝑦 2
d. −3𝑥 2 𝑦

6. Which term in a subtraction sentence represents the quantity being taken away?
a. Sum

Castro Ave., Laoag City, 2900 Ilocos Norte, Philippines

 cte@mmsu.edu.ph  (077) 600-2014
www.mmsu.edu.ph
 MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education

b. Minuend
c. Subtrahend
d. Difference

7. Which term refers to the value being subtracted in a subtraction sentence?

a. Sum
b. Minuend
c. Subtrahend
d. Difference

8. What is minuend in a subtraction sentence?

a. The number being subtracted.
b. The number being subtracted from.
c. The answer to a subtraction problem,
d. The result of the subtracting one number from another.

9. What is subtrahend in the given polynomial 3𝑥𝑦 − 4𝑥 2 𝑦?

a. 3x
b. 3xy
c. 4𝑥 2 𝑦
d. −4𝑥 2 𝑦

10. Given the polynomial (3𝑥 + 3) − (4𝑥 + 11), which of the following is TRUE?
a. The subtrahend is 4𝑥 + 11
b. The difference is 7𝑥 + 8
c. The minuend is 3𝑥 + 14
d. The sub is 7𝑥 + 14

II. Simplify each of the given expressions.

1. (2𝑥 + 5) + (−3𝑥 + 2)
2. (9𝑥 2 − 2𝑥) + (8𝑥 2 + 4𝑥)
3. (𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 1) + (𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 1)
4. (8𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 2) + (3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 2)
5. (𝑥 − 2) + (4𝑥 2 − 5 − 6)
6. (5𝑥 − 1) − (2𝑥 + 5)
7. (8𝑎 − 𝑏) − (𝑎 + 7𝑏) + 3𝑎
8. (−6𝑦 2 − 𝑦 + 8) − (6𝑦 2 + 𝑦 − 2)
9. (3𝑚3 − 𝑚 − 1) − (2𝑚3 + 5𝑚 − 3)
10. (7𝑚3 + 2𝑚 − 3) − (4𝑚3 − 𝑚2 + 1)

ANSWERS:
Castro Ave., Laoag City, 2900 Ilocos Norte, Philippines
 cte@mmsu.edu.ph  (077) 600-2014
www.mmsu.edu.ph
 MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education

I.
1. C
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. B
6. D
7. C
8. B
9. C
10. A

V. ASSIGNMENT

Review the multiplication and division of polynomials.

Prepared by:

LENNY JOYCE CHINAH A. GAPUZAN

JENNY ROSE P. JOSE

Teaching Intern

Checked by:

RHEA M. CABRERA
Teacher Training Instructor

Castro Ave., Laoag City, 2900 Ilocos Norte, Philippines

 cte@mmsu.edu.ph  (077) 600-2014
www.mmsu.edu.ph