Stress Strain Problem 15 January 2023

Problem 1: Draw the most realistic contact
area for an (80-kN) single-axle load with a

tire pressure of 80 psi (552 kPa) . What are
the other configurations of contact area that
have been used for pavement design ?
Solution : The 18-kip (80-kN) single-axle load is applied
over four tires, each having a load of 4500 lb (20 kN) .
The contact area of each tire is Ac = 4500/80 = 56 .25 in 2.
Again Ac = 0.5227 L2
L = Sqrt(56 .25/0 .5227 )= 10 .37 in . (263 mm) .
The width of the tire is 0 .6L = 0.6 x10 .37 = 6 .22 in . (158
mm) . The configuration of various contact areas is shown
in next slide.
0.6 L
Problem 2: The monthly degree-day data are September, 540 ;
October, -130 ; November, -450 ; December , -770; January, -540 ;
February, -450; March, -290; April, -70 ; and May, 170 . Calculate the
freezing index .
The difference between the maximum and minimum points on

the curve during one year is called the freezing index for that
year . The freezing index has been correlated with the depth of
frost penetration and can be used as a factor of pavement
design and evaluation .
The monthly and cumulative degree day data are
shown in Table 1 .2 . The cumulative degree days
are plotted in Figure. Freezing index = 2160 +
540 = 2700 degree days, which can be
calculated from the table or measured from
Figure
The monthly and cumulative degree day data are shown in
Table 1.2
Maximum Point
Minimum Point
For Practice
Problem 1: Sketch and show the dimensions of the most
realistic contact areas for a dual-tandem axle load of 40,000 lb
with a tire pressure of 100 psi . If the contact areas are
assumed as rectangles, what should be the dimension of the
rectangular area? [Answer : most realistic area consisting of a
rectangle and two semicircles with a length of 9 .78 in. and a
width of 5 .87 in. ; rectangular area with a length of 8 .52 in .
and a width of 5 .87 in . ]
Problem 2:Mean monthly temperatures at a given paving

project are September, 50°F ; October ,32°F ; November, 24°F;
December, -3°F; January, 14°F; February, 16°F; March, 22°F;
April ,25°F ; and May, 40°F. Calculate the freezing index . Is this
value likely to be different from the freezing index calculated
from mean daily temperature? [Answer : 2851 degree days]
Example 2.1 :
Figure 2.7 shows a homogeneous half-
space subjected to two circular loads, each
10 in . (254 mm) in diameter and spaced at
20 in . (508 mm) on centers. The pressure
on the circular area is 50 psi (345 kPa) .
The half-space has elastic modulus 10,000
psi (69 MPa) and Poisson ratio 0.5 .
Determine the vertical stress, strain, and
deflection at point A, which is located 10 in .
(254 mm) below the center of one circle.
 E = 10,000 psi
v = 0.5
Diameter d = 10 in, radius a = 5 in
Tire pressure = 50 psi
Vertical depth z = 10 in
At point A due to left load, r = 0 (horizontal
distance) r/a = o and z/a = 10/5 = 2
From figure 2.2 vertical stress
28 =
= 14 psi
From figure 2.3 Radial stress
1.6 =
= 0.8 psi
From figure 2.4 Tangential stress
1.6 =
= 0.8 psi
At point A due to right load, r = 20 (horizontal
distance) r/a = 20/5 =4 and z/a = 10/5 = 2
From figure 2.2 vertical stress
0.76 =
= 0.38 psi
From figure 2.3 Radial stress
2.6 =
= 1.3 psi
Tangential stress = 0 (No Curve)

Due to both load
vertical stress = 14 + 0.38 = 14.38 psi
Radial stress = 0.8 + 1.3 = 2.1 psi
Tangential stress = 0.8 +0 = 0.8 psi
Vertical stress at point A = 14.38 psi

Vertical strain at point A
= 0.00129
From figure 2.6 deflection factor F for left and
right load.
0.68 and 0.21 F = (0.68 + 0.21)
Total deflection
= 0.022 in
0.76 28
1.6 2.6
1.6 No curve = 0
0.21 0.68
Problem on Two Layer System:
A circular load having radius 6 in . (152 mm) and

uniform pressure 80 psi (552 kPa) is applied on a
two-layer system, as shown in Figure 2 .16 . The
subgrade has elastic modulus 5000 psi (35 MPa )
and can support a maximum vertical stress of 8 psi
(55 kPa) . If the HMA has elastic modulus 500,000
psi (3 .45 GPa), what is the required thickness of a
full-depth pavement? If a thin surface treatment is
applied on a granular base with elastic modulus
25,000 psi (173 MPa), what is the thickness of base
course required ?
Given E1 = 500000 psi
E2 = 5000 psi E1/E2 = 100
Vertical stress = 8 psi tire pressure q = 80 psi
/q = 0.1
From figure 2.15 a/h1 = 1.15
Thickness of HMA = 5.2 in
Again E1/E2 = 25000/5000 = 5 and /q = 0.1
From figure 2.15 a/h1 = 0.4
Minimum thickness of Granular base = 15 in
Figure 2.15 Vertical Interface stress for two layer system

Stress Strain Problem 15 January 2023

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Problem 1: Draw the most realistic contact

area for an (80-kN) single-axle load with a

L = Sqrt(56 .25/0 .5227 )= 10 .37 in . (263 mm) .

The difference between the maximum and minimum points on

Problem 2:Mean monthly temperatures at a given paving

Tangential stress = 0 (No Curve)

Vertical stress at point A = 14.38 psi

A circular load having radius 6 in . (152 mm) and

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